Frequency of Pre-Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis and Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

Aim: To determine the frequency of pre-extensively drug resistant tuberculosis, extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. Study design: Retrospective/observational Place and duration of study: Department of Medicine, Bolan Medical College Quetta from 1st July 2019 to 31st December 2020. Methodology: One hundred and eighty patients of both genders presented with multi drug resistant tuberculosis were enrolled in this study. Patient’s detailed information including age between 20-70 years, sex, body mass index were recorded. Sputum samples were taken from all the patients and then drug sensitivity testing (DST) for 1st and 2ndline drugs. Frequency of pre-XDR TB and XDR tuberculosis were recorded. Results: There were 100 (55.56%) males and 80 (44.44%) patients were females and mean age was 37.38±10.75 years. Mean body mass index was 24.18±2.41 kg/m2. Among all the multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients, pre extensively drug resistant tuberculosis was found in 62(34.44%) patients and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis was found in 8(4.44%) patients. All 62(100%) patients of pre-XDR tuberculosis were resistant to fluoroquinolone while among XDR tuberculosis patients 4 were resisted to amikacin, 2 were resisted to kanamycin and fluoroquinolone, 1 patient was resisted to amikacin and kanamycin. Conclusion: Frequency of pre-extensively tuberculosis among multi drug resistant tuberculosis was high while only 4% patients had extensively drug resistant tuberculosis. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Multi-drug resistant, Pre-extensively drug resistant, Extensively drug resistant