Toxic Effects of Binary Mixtures of Heavy Metals on the Growth and P Removal Efficiencies of Alcaligenes sp.

Stormwater runoff from roadways often contains a variety of contaminants such as heavy metals, which can adversely impact receiving waters. The filter media in stormwater filtration/infiltration systems play a significant role in the simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants. In this study, the capacity of five filter media—natural quartz sand (QS), sandy soil (SS) and three mineral-based technical filter media (TF-I, TF-II and TF-III)—to adsorb heavy metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) frequently detected in stormwater, as well as remobilization due to de-icing salt (NaCl), were evaluated in column experiments. The column breakthrough data were used to predict lifespan of the filter media. Column experiment operated under high hydraulic load showed that all technical filters and sandy soil achieved >97%, 94% and >80% of Pb, Cu and Zn load removals, respectively, while natural quartz sand (QS) showed very poor performance. Furthermore, treatment of synthetic stormwater by the soil and technical filter media met the requirements of the Austrian regulation regarding maximum effluent concentrations and minimum removal efficiencies for groundwater protection. The results showed that application of NaCl had only a minor impact on the remobilization of heavy metals from the soil and technical filter media, while the largest release of metals was observed from the QS column. Breakthrough analysis indicated that load removal efficiencies at column exhaustion (SS, TF-I, TF-II and TF-III) were >95% for Cu and Pb and 80–97% for Zn. Based on the adsorption capacities, filtration systems could be sized to 0.4 to 1% (TF-I, TF-II and TF-III) and 3.5% (SS) of their impervious catchment area and predicated lifespan of each filter media was at least 35, 36, 41 and 29 years for SS, TF-I, TF-II and TF-III, respectively. The findings of this study demonstrate that soil—based and technical filter media are effective in removing heavy metals and can be utilized in full-stormwater filtration systems.

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The Heavy Metals in Agrosystems and Impact on Health and Quality of Life

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2015.048 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 345-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Adnan Tutic ◽

Srecko Novakovic ◽

Mitar Lutovac ◽

Rade Biocanin ◽

Sonja Ketin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Animal Health ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Essential Trace Elements ◽

Ionic Bonds ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Surface And Groundwater ◽

Quality Surface

The metal is a chemical element that conducts electricity well and heat, and the nonferrous metals builds cations and ionic bonds. Heavy metals include metals whose density is higher than 5 g/cm3. The whole range of the metal is in the form of essential trace elements, essential for a number of functions in the human body, and its deficiency results in a lack of occurrence of a serious symptom. The best examples are anemia lack of iron, lack of chromium in diabetes, growth problems in lack of nickel. Other elements such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and molybdenum have been shown to exhibit large quantities of toxic effects. The paper examines the problem of heavy metals originating from agriculture on agroecosystems. This group of pollutants is considered the most important cause of degradation of soil quality, surface and groundwater and direct causal adverse effects on human and animal health. In order to complete the environmental monitoring of pollutants, these main categories, origins, and possible negative impacts of the basic principles of preventing their toxic effects were examined.

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Effect of metallothionein 1A rs8052394 polymorphism on lead, cadmium, zinc, and aluminum levels in factory workers

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/0748233720947518 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (10) ◽

pp. 816-822

Author(s):

Preeti Singh ◽

Prasenjit Mitra ◽

Taru Goyal ◽

Pilla VSN Kiran Kumar ◽

Shailja Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Metal Binding ◽

Genetic Effect ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Factory Workers ◽

Genotypic Distribution ◽

Study Population ◽

Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

Metallothioneins (MTs) are low molecular weight cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins. They are involved in transportation and detoxification of heavy metals, homeostasis of essential metals, and as antioxidation against reactive oxygen species. Polymorphisms in a gene may increase or decrease the expression efficiency of a gene. This study aimed to determine the genetic effect of MT1A rs8052394 on lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), and aluminum (Al) levels in factory workers. The study included 100 occupationally heavy metal exposed workers from different factories around Jodhpur. Pb, Cd, Zn, and Al levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Individuals with the GG genotype had lower Pb, Zn, and Al levels and higher Cd levels than AA and AG genotypes. The genotyping of MT1A rs8052394 was done by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP). The mean ± standard deviation of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Al was 5.88 ± 13.28 µg/dL, 3.52 ± 1.25 µg/L, 16.45 ± 16.69 µg/dL, and 58.92 ± 58.91 µg/L, respectively. A significant association was found between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MT1A gene and Cd ( p = 0.006) and with Zn levels ( p = 0.031) but no association found with Pb and Al levels. Among the study population, 78 participants were homozygote major (AA), 19 were heterozygote (AG), and 3 were homozygote minor (GG). The χ 2 test presented the genotypic distribution of all three genotypes under the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium ( p > 0.05). The frequency of the A allele was 87.5% (175) and the G allele was 12.5% (25). To conclude, polymorphism in rs8052394 of the MT1A gene is associated with increased metal accumulation which in turn may lead to increased toxic effects in the exposed individuals. Factory workers thus, should be more cautious about protecting their health against the toxic effects of heavy metals.

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In vitro cyto-toxic assessment of heavy metals and their binary mixtures on mast cell-like, rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.035 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 223 ◽

pp. 686-693 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chukwuebuka ThankGod Eze ◽

Francesco Michelangeli ◽

Adebayo Akeem Otitoloju

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Mast Cell ◽

Binary Mixtures ◽

Basophilic Leukemia

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Toxic effects of heavy metals Pb and Cd on mulberry (Morus alba L.) seedling leaves: Photosynthetic function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism responses

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110469 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 195 ◽

pp. 110469 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Zhang Huihui ◽

Li Xin ◽

Xu Zisong ◽

Wang Yue ◽

Teng Zhiyuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Morus Alba ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Ros Metabolism

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Hydroponics reducing effluent's heavy metals discharge

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2009.736 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 175-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdellah Rababah ◽

Ahmad Al-Shuha

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Removal Efficiency ◽

Value Added ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Hydroponic System ◽

Heavy Metals Removal ◽

Treated Effluent ◽

Metals Removal ◽

Nutrient Film Technique ◽

Removal Efficiencies

This paper investigates the capacity of Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) to control effluent's heavy metals discharge. A commercial hydroponic system was adapted to irrigate lettuces with primary treated wastewater for studying the potential heavy metals removal. A second commercial hydroponic system was used to irrigate the same type of lettuces with nutrient solution and this system was used as a control. Results showed that lettuces grew well when irrigated with primary treated effluent in the commercial hydroponic system. The NFT-plant system heavy metals removal efficiency varied amongst the different elements, The system's removal efficiency for Cr was more than 92%, Ni more than 85%, in addition to more than 60% reduction of B, Pb, and Zn. Nonetheless, the NFT-plants system removal efficiencies for As, Cd and Cu were lower than 30%. Results show that lettuces accumulated heavy metals in leaves at concentrations higher than the maximum acceptable European and Australian levels. Therefore, non-edible plants such as flowers or pyrethrum are recommended as value added crops for the proposed NFT.

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