scholarly journals Can neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio be used as a predictor in acute appendicitis?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chirag Pereira ◽  
Manohar Martis ◽  
Rohan D'Souza ◽  
Leo F. Tauro
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Complicated Appendicitis ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Uncomplicated Appendicitis ◽  
Ethical Approval

Background: To determine if neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used to diagnose appendicitis and distinguish complicated from uncomplicated appendicitis. The secondary aim was to determine if the appendix cut-off size on ultrasound matches that of existing literature. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all cases that underwent appendectomy in Father Muller medical college and hospital from 2014 to 2019. The NLR, histopathology, and ultrasound reports for all patients were reviewed. Recommended cut-off values for NLR and appendicular size on ultrasound were determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC). Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Ethical approval was obtained for this study. Results: We included 1623 patients in this study. The patients’ median age was 24 years, with appendicitis being more common in males than females. NLR>2.4 was statistically associated with appendicitis with sensitivity of 70.1% and specificity of 43.2%. NLR>4.3 was statistically associated with complicated appendicitis with sensitivity of 72.25% and specificity of 54.09%. An appendicular diameter >6.1 mm was suggestive of appendicitis on abdominal ultrasound based on our analysis. Conclusions: NLR is a simple adjunct that can be used to diagnose appendicitis and identify complicated appendicitis.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio: novel markers for the diagnosis and prognosis in patients with restenosis following CAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Bao ◽  
Gezhi Zhou ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Xiaobo Liu ◽  
Zhijun Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Platelet To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis

Aim: In this study, we investigated the effect of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on restenosis status in patients undergoing carotid angioplasty stenting (CAS). Methodology & results: Clinical imageology and receiver operating characteristic analysis were utilized to study the prognostic significance of NLRs/platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios and their correlation with survival. NLR of restenosis (+) patients was evidently increased after the CAS procedures, while the NLR of restenosis (-) patients before the CAS procedures being the lowest. Area under the curve of pre-CAS NLR or/and post-CAS NLR were all evidently higher than 50%. Also, restenosis incidence was the highest in patients with both high pre-CAS and high post-CAS values. Conclusion: Therefore, NLR can be utilized as an independent prognostic indicator to predict the incidence of restenosis after CAS procedures.

scholarly journals 419. Diagnostic Utility of a Ferritin to Procalcitonin Ratio to Differentiate Patients with COVID-19 from Those with Bacterial Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S277-S277
Author(s):  
Katherine C Jankousky ◽  
Peter Hyson ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
Daniel B Chastain ◽  
Carlos Franco-Paredes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Test Probability ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Background Accurate, rapid, inexpensive biomarkers are needed to differentiate COVID-19 from bacterial pneumonia, allowing effective treatment and antibiotic stewardship. We hypothesized that the ratio of ferritin to procalcitonin (F/P) reflects greater viral activity and host response with COVID-19 pneumonia, while bacterial pneumonia would be associated with less cytolysis (lower ferritin) and more inflammation (higher procalcitonin), thus a lower F/P ratio. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of adult patients admitted to a single University hospital in the US through May 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic. We compared F/P ratio of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 or bacterial pneumonia, excluding patients with COVID-19 and bacterial co-infections. In a logistic regression, we controlled for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes (DM), and hypertension (HTN). We used a receiver operating characteristic analysis to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of F/P values for the diagnosis of COVID-19 versus bacterial pneumonia. Results Of 218 patients with COVID-19 and 17 with bacterial pneumonia, COVID-19 patients were younger (56 vs 66 years, p=0.04), male (66% vs 24%, p=0.009), had higher BMI (31 vs 27 kg/m2, p=0.03), and similar rates of HTN (59% vs 45%, p=0.3) and DM (32% vs 18%, p=0.2). The median F/P ratio was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 (3195 vs 860, p=0.0003, Figure 1). An F/P ratio cut-off of ≥ 1250 generated a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 59% to correctly classify a COVID-19 case (Figure 2). When adjusted for age, gender, BMI, DM, and HTN, a ratio ≥ of 1250 was associated with significantly greater odds of COVID-19 versus bacterial pneumonia (OR: 4.9, CI: 1.5, 16.1, p=0.009). Figure 1. Ferritin to Procalcitonin Ratios of patients with COVID-19 and patients with Bacterial Pneumonia (controls). Figure 2. Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis of Ferritin to Procalcitonin Ratio Cut-off Values Predicting COVID-19 Diagnosis. Conclusion We observed an elevated F/P ratio in patients with COVID-19 compared to those with bacterial pneumonia. A F/P ratio ≥ 1250 provides a clinically relevant increase in pre-test probability of COVID-19. Prospective studies evaluating the discriminatory characteristics of F/P ratio in larger cohorts is warranted. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Diagnostic utility of a Ferritin-to-Procalcitonin Ratio to differentiate patients with COVID-19 from those with Bacterial Pneumonia: A multicenter study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal A Gharamti ◽  
Fei Mei ◽  
Katherine C Jankousky ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
Peter Hyson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background There is an urgent need for accurate, rapid, inexpensive biomarkers that can differentiate COVID-19 from bacterial pneumonia. We assess the role of the ferritin-to-procalcitonin (F/P) ratio to classify pneumonia cases into those due to COVID-19 or due to bacterial pathogens. Methods This multicenter case-control study compared patients with either COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia, admitted between March 1 and May 31, 2020. Patients with COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia co-infection were excluded. The F/P in patients with COVID-19 or with bacterial pneumonia were compared. Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined the sensitivity and specificity of various cut-off F/P values for COVID-19 versus bacterial pneumonia. Results A total of 242 COVID-19 pneumonia cases and 34 bacterial pneumonia controls were included. Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had a lower mean age (57.11 vs 64.4 years, p=0.02) and a higher BMI (30.74 vs 27.15 kg/m 2, p=0.02) compared to patients with bacterial pneumonia. Cases and controls had a similar proportion of women (47% vs 53%, p=0.5) and COVID-19 patients had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (32.6% vs 12%, p=0.01). The median F/P was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 (4037.5) compared to the F/P in bacterial pneumonia (802, p<0.001). An F/P ≥ 877 used to diagnose COVID-19 resulted in a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 56%, with a positive predictive value of 93.2%, and a likelihood ratio of 1.92. In multivariable analyses, an F/P ≥ 877 was associated with greater odds of identifying a COVID-19 case (OR: 11.27, CI: 4-31.2, p<0.001). Conclusion An F/P ≥ 877 increases the likelihood of COVID-19 pneumonia compared to bacterial pneumonia.

scholarly journals CXCL9 as a key biomarker of vitiligo activity and prediction of the success of cultured melanocyte transplantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuquan Lin ◽  
Wenting Hu ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
Miaoni Zhou ◽  
Ai‑E. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Blister Fluid ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Curative Effect ◽  
Chemokine Ligand ◽  
Treatment Responses ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the potential biomarkers of vitiligo by evaluating the disease activity and curative effect of autologous cultured pure melanocyte transplantation (CMT) on patients. Altogether, 36patients with stable vitiligo were treated with CMT. Blister fluid samples were collected from patients with stable vitiligo. Patients with active vitiligo were matched with healthy controls. The chemokine levels in the serum and blister fluid samples were measured using Luminex. The curative effect on patients with stable vitiligo was evaluated 6 months after treatment. Treatment responses were defined according to the extent of repigmentation as effective (if 50% or more repigmentation was achieved) or ineffective (if less than 50% or worse repigmentation was achieved). Patients received re-transplantation if the initial treatment was ineffective. The levels of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)9 and CXCL10 in blister fluid samples were significantly lower in stable patients than in active participants. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 were sensitive and specific in diagnosing active vitiligo. Further, 65.6% (21/32) of patients who received CMT had effective treatment responses. The high CXCL9 level in the blister fluid was a significant predictor of ineffective treatment responses. The treatment response was significantly enhanced after treatment. Four patients with ineffective treatment responses received anti-inflammatory treatment and re-transplantation. The CXCL9 and CXCL10 levels in the blister fluid were related to the presence of active vitiligo. Also, the CXCL9 level was a predictor of the effectiveness of CMT in treating vitiligo.

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