scholarly journals Research on the Social Causes of Juvenile Crime: Final Report

Author(s):  
Jon Vagg ◽  
John Bacon-Shone ◽  
Patricia Gray ◽  
Debbie Lam
1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
DENNIS S.-W. WONG

This paper highlights the profiles of juvenile crime and the responses to juvenile delinquency in Hong Kong in the last few decades. With the aid of criminological literature and policy documents, the author uncovers the underlying etiological assumptions of delinquency. The assumptions are biased in favour of the functionalist perspective. Until the publication of a recent study on the social causes of delinquency, interactionist theories seemed to have no part in explaining crime in Hong Kong. The author argues that under the dominance of the positive non-interventionist political culture in Hong Kong, the academics are prone to be conservative. This paper suggests that future research should focus on testing interactional effects among the social variables derived from the social control, strain, labelling and differential association theories. 这篇文章讨论本港青少年犯罪概念的转变及社会对青少年犯罪的对策。透过分析本港之犯罪研究及政策文件,作者发掘解释青少年犯罪的背后假设。这些假设大部份是倾向功能主义学派的。直至近年,作者才发现以互动学派的论点来解释犯罪渐被社会人士所重视。作者建议未来的研究应朝向探讨社会契约、社会压力、负面标签及朋辈关系等因素与犯罪行为的交互影响。


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria M. Raciti

Purpose Social marketing has come of age. Today, the study is a legitimate discipline with a wealth of empirical evidence that manifestly demonstrates the ability to bring about behaviour changes for the greater good. As social marketers, the study is rapidly expanding the horizons, with a growing interest in the labyrinth of systems that influence the chosen social causes. The study has become brave and bold, but is the study now running the risk of romanticising the work and ourselves? It is time to recalibrate, to take stock and to address the elephants in the social marketing room. Design/methodology/approach Expanding on my Change 2020 Driving Systems Change panel presentation, this study is a provocation, a think piece, centred around two observed phenomena. Findings The first phenomenon observed is the many identities of the contemporary social marketer – hackers, change agents, heroes, political power brokers and master puppeteers. The second phenomenon observed is the accelerated interest in systems thinking for which the author propose three preconditions are needed – an awareness of the system(s); an acknowledgement that this study is a part of the system(s) and the need to decolonise social marketing. Originality/value This paper poses challenging questions but offers no solutions as to how social marketers should, could or do square up the blind spots, make peace with the paradoxes or unblinking the views. Not only would it be naïve to proffer solutions but it would also stifle the growth of you, the reader, in your journey to becoming an integrated person and woke social marketing professional.


Author(s):  
Kulwinder Singh ◽  
Ravinder Kamboj

Present research is an attempt to study the social, educational and personal causes of adult illiteracy. Qualitative approach was adopted to evaluate causes of illiteracy. Ferozepur district of Punjab (India) was chosen as the region for conducting this study mainly for its low literacy rate and being a border area of Punjab, from where 60 adult respondents were taken as sample. Data was collected by a self-administered interview schedule, which seeks information regarding causes of non-educability. Findings of the study show that lack of parents interest, alcoholism/drug abuse of father and 'early marriage' have been reported as social causes for illiteracy among adults while in educational causes, adult respondents have enlisted three main causes 'school was far away', 'physical punishment' and 'behaviour of teacher not being appropriate'. Poor economic conditions, no source of income, over workload, hesitation and over-aging emerged as personal causes for discontinuation of the literacy process. It has been suggested that intervention programmes should be introduced in border areas to increase participation in adult education programmes and to remove obstacles in getting education.


2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana V. Diez Roux

In a context where epidemiologic research has been heavily influenced by a biomedical and individualistic approach, the naming of “social epidemiology” allowed explicit emphasis on the social production of disease as a powerful explanatory paradigm and as critically important for interventions to improve population health. This review briefly highlights key substantive areas of focus in social epidemiology over the past 30 years, reflects on major advances and insights, and identifies challenges and possible future directions. Future opportunities for social epidemiology include grounding research in theoretically based and systemic conceptual models of the fundamental social drivers of health; implementing a scientifically rigorous yet realistic approach to drawing conclusions about social causes; using complementary methods to generate valid explanations and identify effective actions; leveraging the power of harmonization, replication, and big data; extending interdisciplinarity and diversity; advancing emerging critical approaches to understanding the health impacts of systemic racism and its policy implications; going global; and embracing a broad approach to generating socially useful research. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 43 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (06) ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
Luis Mauricio Escalante Solís ◽  
Carlos David Carrillo Trujillo

Las sociedades comparten un serie de formas a través de las cuales se pueden identificar, conocerse y re-conocerse, sin hacer mucho caso a la especificidad, latitud o cultura que las caracterizan y las unen. Lo primero que comparten es una memoria social, entendida como un significado compartido por los miembros que lo conforman, sin importar su veracidad o autenticidad. El recuerdo es necesario para mantener unido a los integrantes de un grupo, es por ello que se manifiesta constante e intermitentemente en el transcurso de la existencia del grupo social, se vuelve un significado adoptado por dicho colectivo que debe ser manifiesto en las actividades y la cotidianidad.El presente trabajo describe y analiza tres prácticas sociales de conmemoración denominadas alternativas que se realizan en países latinoamericanos (Argentina, Chile y México), se fundamentan sus orígenes, causas sociales y formas de organización, así como sus acciones principales. El eje rector que unifica a estas tres prácticas conmemorativas es el hecho de que reivindican la lucha social y ejemplifican mecanismos contrahegemónicos de demanda social, antes las falencias, omisiones y acciones del Estado. El estudio y el análisis de las conmemoraciones abren la posibilidad de entender distintos usos del pasado. Los eventos históricos construyen un relato que otorga identidad y sentimiento de unidad. Sin embargo, recuperar el pasado a través de la conmemoración no elimina el surgimiento de grupos contrahegemónicos que proponen una reflexión crítica sobre lo sucedido. The societies share a number of ways through which they can identify and meet. However, often irrelevant specifics of culture. It is much more important social memory. Social memory is something that is shared by members of a group regardless of their veracity or authenticity. The memory is needed to hold together the members of a group. Therefore, the memory becomes a meaning adopted by the collective manifested in everyday activities.This paper describes and analyzes three social practices of commemoration taking place in Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile and Mexico), describing their origins, social causes, forms of organization and main actions. The guiding principle that unifies these three commemorative practices is claimed that exemplify the social struggle and counter-hegemonic mechanisms of social demand, given the failures, omissions and actions of the state. The study and analysis of the commemorations open the possibility of understanding different uses of the past. Historical events construct a story that gives identity and togetherness. However, recovering the past, through the commemoration does not eliminate the emergence of counter-hegemonic groups that propose a critical reflection about what happened.


2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cigdem V. Sirin ◽  
Nicholas A. Valentino ◽  
José D. Villalobos

1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Patricia T. Freudiger ◽  
Murray A. Straus ◽  
Gerald T. Hotaling
Keyword(s):  

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