scholarly journals Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia In Farmer And Vegetable Seller

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-8
Author(s):  
Firly Ratsmita ◽  
Dewi S. Soemarko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Psychosocial Hazards ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
The Relationship

Background: One of the risk factors for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is chemical exposure at work. The aim is to determine the relationship between patient who work as a farmer and vegetable seller with the incidence of CLL.Case presentation: A-69-year-old man who has been working as a vegetable seller since 15 years and a chili farmer since 4 years ago. The patient was diagnosed with CLL. In his work as a vegetable seller and chili farmer, the patient gets five hazards ranging from physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial hazards so it is necessary to analyze whether there is a relationship between the patient’s work and the current CLL disease.Discussion: There are seven steps needed in the enforcement of occupational diseases. In addition, additional examinations are needed to determine the biomarkers of pesticides that can cause disease. This requires control for farmers and vegetable sellers who may be exposed to pesticides found in vegetables and chilies. Conclusion: Vegetable seller and farmer have potential hazards, especially chemicals contained in pesticides which have a risk relationship with the incidence of CLL. However, to cause CLL, sufficient doses are required which are influenced by occupation, intensity of use and the type of specific chemical without the need for a long duration of exposure.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of PPE For Prevention of Occupational Ocular Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Iwan Susilo Joko ◽  
Dewi S Soemarko ◽  
Nuri Purwito Adi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Ocular Injury ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Psychosocial Hazards ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
The Relationship

Background: One of the risk factors for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is chemical exposure at work. The aim is to determine the relationship between patient who work as a farmer and vegetable seller with the incidence of CLL.Case presentation: A-69-year-old man who has been working as a vegetable seller since 15 years and a chili farmer since 4 years ago. The patient was diagnosed with CLL. In his work as a vegetable seller and chili farmer, the patient gets five hazards ranging from physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial hazards so it is necessary to analyze whether there is a relationship between the patient’s work and the current CLL disease.Discussion: There are seven steps needed in the enforcement of occupational diseases. In addition, additional examinations are needed to determine the biomarkers of pesticides that can cause disease. This requires control for farmers and vegetable sellers who may be exposed to pesticides found in vegetables and chilies. Conclusion: Vegetable seller and farmer have potential hazards, especially chemicals contained in pesticides which have a risk relationship with the incidence of CLL. However, to cause CLL, sufficient doses are required which are influenced by occupation, intensity of use and the type of specific chemical without the need for a long duration of exposure.

scholarly journals Bacterial Colonization in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Factors Associated with Infections and Colonization

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Korona-Glowniak ◽  
Ewelina Grywalska ◽  
Agnieszka Grzegorczyk ◽  
Jacek Roliński ◽  
Andrzej Glowniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Barr Virus

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have defects in both humoral and cellular immunity as a result of their underlying malignancy, as well as chemotherapy-related immune suppression. Upper respiratory tract (URT) colonization can be regarded as a major contributor to infection, so the relationship between carriage rates, disease incidence, or antibiotic resistance should be monitored. This prospective study included 50 newly diagnosed, previously untreated patients with CLL and 38 healthy volunteers. A total of 264 samples obtained from anterior nares and oropharynx were microbiologically examined. A significantly higher frequency of S. aureus and Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) colonization in CLL patients was observed in comparison to healthy volunteers. Information regarding baseline characteristics; the Rai staging system; hematological tests results; immunophenotype of basic lymphocyte subsets, including the expression of programmed cell death-1 protein (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1); as well as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status were determined to analyze risk factors for infections and bacterial colonization. The data represent the basic information for identification of further risk factors of infection and bacterial oropharyngeal colonization in CLL patients. The rate of disease progression within the time from the CLL diagnosis was significantly higher in patients colonized by GNB. This study highlights EBV infection and frequencies of PD-1 positive T CD3+ cells and B cells as risk factors in CLL patients.

scholarly journals HuR Affects Proliferation and Apoptosis of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells via NF-κB Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kai Xiao ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Xinfeng Gao ◽  
Ying An ◽  
Wei Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Cell Sensitivity ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. To investigate the effects of HuR protein on the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Methods. LCL lymphoblast cells and B lymphocytes were subjected to HuR overexpression (OV) or interference (IV). Western blot was used to observe the protein expression of human tumor necrosis factor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1), human inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase α (IKK-α), NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK), and p52. Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate apoptosis, and the mRNA expression of TRAF1 was examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Immunofluorescence was carried out to visualize the expression of HuR, and the relationship between HuR and TRAF1 was observed by pull-down test. Cell sensitivity to chlorambucil (CLB) and fludarabine (Flu) was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8. Results. The expression of HuR and TRAF1 in LCLs was significantly increased compared to that in B lymphocytes. Compared with the control, HuR OV significantly increased the expression of TRAF1 (P<0.05), whereas it was significantly decreased in the IV group (P<0.05). HuR can bind to TRAF1 directly, and the binding rate is positively correlated with HuR expression. After inhibiting HuR, the expression of TRAF1, IKK-α, NIK, p52, pro-Caspase 3, and PARP was significantly upregulated in LCLs and B lymphocytes (P<0.05), while Caspase 3 was downregulated (P<0.05). Compared with the control, the proliferation of LCLs and B lymphocytes treated by CLB and Flu decreased significantly after HuR blockade (P<0.05). Conclusion. HuR may be a key protein regulating CLL resistance. After inhibiting HuR, inflammatory response and apoptosis were significantly increased, and the cell sensitivity to CLB and Flu increased, suggesting that inhibiting HuR activity may be a potential strategy to solve the problem of drug resistance in CLL cells.

scholarly journals Risk factors for hypogammaglobulinemia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients treated with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody-based therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Caitlin M. McNulty ◽  
Emasenyie A. Isikwei ◽  
Pragya Shrestha ◽  
Melissa R. Snyder ◽  
Brian F. Kabat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Anti Cd20

A Prognostic Score for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma: Analysis of 2189 Patients.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2783-2783
Author(s):  
Apostolia-Maria Tsimberidou ◽  
Peter McLaughlin ◽  
Susan O’Brien ◽  
Sijin Wen ◽  
William G. Wierda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Prognostic Score ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma ◽  
Β2 Microglobulin ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Genomic Aberrations

Abstract Introduction: The prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) is heterogeneous. The purpose of this study was to assess factors predicting survival in patients with CLL/SLL. Methods: Characteristics at diagnosis were collected from 2189 patients with CLL/SLL who presented to The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between 1985 and 2005. Univariate and multivariate analyses for survival were performed. Pretreatment parameters that remained independently significant in the multivariate analysis were used to design a model to predict an individual patient’s risk of death: the CLL/SLL score. Results. The median age of patients was 58 years (range, 17–90 years). Overall, 1052 patients required treatment for CLL/SLL and 853 (81%) received fludarabine-based therapy. A multivariate analysis of 23 prognostic factors identified the following to have independent adverse significance for survival: 17p del and 6q del +/− other genomic aberrations (p<0.0001), age > 60 years (p<0.0001), albumin < 3.5 g/dL (p<0.0001), β2-microglobulin ≥ 2 mg/L (p<0.0001), creatinine ≥ 1.6 mg/dL (p<0.0001), hemoglobin <11 g/dL (p=0.001), presence of hepatomegaly (p=0.005), male sex (p=0.006), and absolute lymphocyte count ≥ 30 x 109/L (p=0.004). Other factors, such as IgVH mutation and CD38 or ZAP-70 expression, did not significantly correlate with survival, probably because these data were not available in enough patients and follow-up from the testing time was relatively short. The top five pretreatment parameters that remained independently significant in the multivariate analysis were used to design the CLL/SLL score in 1564 patients who had available data for all five parameters. Since the relative risks associated with each of the top five independently significant risk factors were comparable, the relative risk of death could be determined by summing the number of risk factors present at diagnosis. At 5 years, 96%, 79%, 69%, 30%, and 16% of patients with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 (including 1 patient with a score of 5) risk factors, respectively, are expected to be alive [insert Figure here]. Conclusions: A prognostic score to predict survival in patients with CLL/SLL is proposed. The score is based on the five most statistically significant independent factors, i.e., 17p or 6q del +/− other genomic aberrations; age; and levels of β2-microglobulin, albumin, and creatinine. This score may be used to identify specific risk groups, to improve treatment choices and to compare different therapeutic approaches in patients with CLL/SLL. Figure Figure

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