scholarly journals PADRÕES ESPACIAIS NA REGENERAÇÃO DE Ocotea odorifera NA FLORESTA NACIONAL DE IRATI, PR

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cilmar Antonio Dalmaso ◽  
Mario Takao Inoue ◽  
Paulo Costa de Oliveira Filho ◽  
Vânia Rossetto Marcelino
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Regeneration Capacity ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Typical Pattern ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Management And Conservation

 Este trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar e descrever os padrões espaciais e as características quali-quantitativas da regeneração da espécie arbórea Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rohwer (canela-sassafrás) num fragmento de Floresta Ombrófila Mista localizado na Floresta Nacional de Irati, região centro-sul do estado do Paraná. Para tanto, foram selecionados três hectares de amostra para coleta de informações sobre altura, diâmetro e localização de todos os indivíduos de canela-sassafrás com altura total ≥30 cm. Análises univariadas por meio da função K de Ripley foram realizadas, para descrever os padrões espaciais dos indivíduos em fases distintas de regeneração e das árvores adultas dessa espécie com diferentes tamanhos. A espécie apresentou em geral um padrão espacial agregado para a regeneração natural em todas as escalas analisadas, sugerindo ser um padrão característico da espécie nas fases iniciais. A mudança do padrão agregado para aleatório foi comprovada com a análise espacial para as diferentes classes de tamanho dos indivíduos de canela-sassafrás. Algumas inferências foram feitas em relação aos processos subjacentes, que podem estar associados com os resultados. É possível afirmar que a espécie apresenta potencialidades para o manejo e a conservação com excelente capacidade de regeneração natural.Palavras-chave: Floresta com Araucária; autoecologia; estatística espacial; canela-sassafrás. AbstractSpatial pattenrs for Ocotea odorifera regeneration in National Forest, Irati, Pr. The present research aimed to analyze and describe spatial patterns and quali-quantitative features of natural regeneration of tree species of Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rohwer (canela-sassafrás) in a fragment of Mixed Ombrophyllous Forest (Araucarian Forest) located at the National Forest of Irati, Paraná State, Southern Brazil. Three plots of one hectar each were sampled and height, diameter and location informations were collected for all plants of canela-sassafrás with total height ≥ 30 cm. Univariate analyzes using K-function of Ripley were done in order to describe spatial patterns of plants at different regeneration phases as well as of canela-sassafrás adults. Generally, this species presented an aggregated spatial pattern at all considered scales of regeneration, suggesting to be a typical pattern at initial phases of this species. The change from aggregated to random spatial pattern was tested analyzing different size classes of canela-sassafrás. Some inferences were made considering subjacent processes that could be associated to obtained results. It is possible to say that the studied species presents potencialities for its management and conservation with excellent natural regeneration capacity. Keywords: Araucaria Forest; auto-ecology; spatial statistics; canela-sassafrás.

scholarly journals MORFOLOGIA DE DIÁSPOROS E PLÂNTULAS DE ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS DA FLORESTA COM ARAUCÁRIA, NO SUL DO BRASIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Mara Gogosz ◽  
Maria Regina Torres Boerger ◽  
Nelson Luiz Cosmo ◽  
Antônio Carlos Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Functional Ecology ◽  
Pioneer Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Secondary Species ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

Neste estudo foram caracterizados morfologicamente frutos, sementes e plântulas de espécies da Floresta com Araucária (Floresta Ombrófila Mista), visando entender as estratégias de estabelecimento de diferentes grupos ecológicos. Frutos de 18 espécies arbóreas foram coletados na região de Curitiba, Paraná. As sementes foram semeadas em vermiculita e mantidas em laboratório, até a fase de plântula. Nas espécies pioneiras predominam frutos secos, deiscentes, sementes exalbuminosas, pequenas, com estruturas que favorecem a dispersão anemocórica e plântulas com cotilédones finos, foliáceos com tricomas. Nas secundárias tardias os frutos são carnosos com dispersão zoocórica, as sementes são albuminosas e as plântulas possuem cotilédones crassos, foliáceos, e, em alguns casos, também com função de reserva. Nas secundárias iniciais, as características são variáveis. A caracterização morfológica realizada dá subsídio, no contexto da ecologia funcional, à interpretação das diferentes estratégias de estabelecimento das espécies.AbstractMorphology of diaspore and seedling of tree species of the Araucaria forest (Subtropical Ombrophilous Forest) in southern Brazil. This study characterized morphologically the fruits, seeds and seedlings of species of Araucaria Forest, aiming to understand the strategies of establishing different successional groups. Therefore, fruits of 18 tree species were collected in Curitiba, Paraná. Then the seeds were sown in vermiculite and remained in the laboratory until the seedling stage. The pioneer species have predominantly dehiscent dry fruits, unalbuminous seeds, small structures that favor anemochoric dispersal and seedlings with thin cotyledons, foliaceous with trichomes. In late secondary species the fruits are fleshy with zoochorous dispersal, seeds are albuminous and seedlings present fleshy cotyledons, foliaceous, and in some cases also reserve function. In the early secondary species, the characteristics are variable. Morphological characterization allows the interpretation of functional ecology, the different strategies of establishment of species.Keywords: Succession groups; establishment; functional morphology; Mixed Ombrophilous Forest.

scholarly journals Assembly patterns and functional diversity of tree species in a successional gradient of Araucaria forest in Southern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Vicente-Silva ◽  
Rodrigo S. Bergamin ◽  
Kátia J. Zanini ◽  
Valério D. Pillar ◽  
Sandra C. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Successional Gradient

scholarly journals Spatial Patterns and Interspecific Associations During Natural Regeneration in Three Types of Secondary Forest in the Central Part of the Greater Khingan Mountains, Heilongjiang Province, China

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyu Zhang ◽  
Lingbo Dong ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Zhaogang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Interspecific Associations ◽  
Adult Trees

Seedling and sapling spatial patterns are important in community regeneration, and understanding the natural regeneration mechanisms of tree species in relation to spatial patterns will help improve forest management and community restoration efficiency. Based on data from three fixed plots established in birch forests (BF), coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests (CBMF) and coniferous mixed forests (CMF) in the central Greater Khingan Mountains in Heilongjiang Province, China, in 2017, we used the univariate and bivariate O-ring functions of the point pattern analysis method to evaluate the spatial patterns and associations of the main tree species in these three forest types at different development stages and identified the community successional stages according to the interspecific associations between dominant tree species and other tree species. The results showed that Betula platyphylla and Larix gmelinii in BF exhibited identical spatial distribution patterns and had a tendency to transition from an aggregated to a random distribution from saplings to adult trees, whereas every tree type in CBMF generally showed a random distribution. Adult trees of the main tree species in CMF, i.e., L. gmelinii and Picea koraiensis, mainly showed a random distribution, but P. koraiensis at other size classes generally showed an aggregated distribution. The intraspecific associations of the main tree species in BF and CMF at different development stages were constrained by the spatial scale within a given scope, while those in CBMF at different development stages were not significantly constrained by spatial scale. The results also show that the density of the three forest types was affected by the distance between the individuals of the various tree classes and adult trees, with different levels of influence. We analyzed the interspecific associations between dominant tree species and other tree species and then assessed community succession progress and found that the BF and CMF exhibited medium-term community succession, while the CBMF was in the primary stage. Our results further show that the spatial distribution patterns of the tree species in the small-diameter classes were jointly affected by adjacent habitats and diffusional limitations and that scale dependence existed in the intraspecific and interspecific associations. The analysis of the natural regeneration of spatial distribution and interspecific associations represents an efficient way to explore the stability of forest communities and dynamic changes in interspecific relationships during succession. The study results thus provide a theoretical basis for developing rational forest management measures.

scholarly journals Identifying target species and seed sources for the restoration of threatened trees in southern Brazil

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Hoffmann ◽  
C. T. Blum ◽  
S. J. E. Velazco ◽  
D. J. C. Gill ◽  
M. Borgo
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Limited Knowledge ◽  
Seed Sources

AbstractEcological restoration of trees is often constrained by limited knowledge of the biology, propagation and management requirements of individual species. Consequently, restoration initiatives rarely incorporate less well-known species or those that are difficult to source and grow. We describe challenges associated with the restoration of threatened trees in the Araucaria Forest of southern Brazil, and analyse the effectiveness of methods used to define target species, identify seed sources and generate information on the phenology of rare or threatened tree species. A review of secondary data identified 71 rare or threatened taxa as targets for seed collection. We then surveyed 68.7 km of trails in 26 forest remnants, identifying and mapping 1,027 seed-producing trees of 38 species. Surveys confirmed the scarcity of several tree species (including seven species with an abundance of <0.04 individuals per km), and nine species showed no signs of fruiting during 3 years of phenological monitoring. These findings, together with limited knowledge and application of optimal seed collection methods, are significant factors impeding the recovery of these species within their natural habitat. Wider application of the results of this case study could support restoration of the Araucaria Forest with seedlings from a wider diversity of species.

Arrested development? Investigating the role of bamboo in Araucaria Forest succession in Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betina Kellermann ◽  
André Eduardo Biscaia Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Araucaria Forest

Abstract Aims Assessing the role of a dominant native bamboo species on tree species diversity and structure in the medium term. Methods Over a 7-year period, we studied the natural regeneration of two dominant forest types in Southern Brazil (Araucaria Forest or AF; Bamboo Forest or BF) after a bamboo (Merostachys skvortzovii Send.) die-off between 2004 and 2006. The study was carried out in the Embrapa Research Station in Caçador, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Important Findings The die-off provided ideal conditions for the establishment of several species and it kickstarted forest succession dynamics, which in turn affected regeneration diversity. Tree species richness was relatively stable with a transitory increase between 2007 and 2014 in both AF and BF. However, species richness rose in BF because of a relative increase in abundance of some species (especially late and secondary species) while a plunge in some pioneer species drove an increase in diversity. Overall, we found that BF has a lower diversity of recruits and that density declined over time, while AF is more diverse, with a more stable density. In BF, the bamboo die-off created optimal conditions for initial regeneration development (mainly fast-growing pioneer trees), which quickly transited to higher size classes. Yet, after this initial stage of pioneer recruitment, the number of recruits dropped followed by a virtual absence of growth regardless of the species group as a result of a quick bamboo reestablishment. As bamboo recreated a dense understory it reduced species diversity to original levels, suggesting a self-maintaining cycle that halts forest succession. On the other hand, the bamboo die-off had little impact on AF where a slow recruitment process typical of old-growth forests was observed. The results indicate that the die-off event had a temporary effect on species diversity i.e. restricted to forests where bamboos are dominant in a similar process described in other southern South American forests. As the first study to observe the medium-term forest dynamics related to bamboo die-off, we can conclude that when being dominant, native bamboos can hinder forest regeneration, maintaining lower levels of diversity and arresting forest succession that lasts well beyond the short-term, post-die-off effects. Many forest fragments in the region are dominated by bamboos, thus their potential for conservation is at risk and requires appropriate management.

scholarly journals Taxonomic and ecological aspects of Myrceugenia mesomischa (Myrtaceae), an endemic tree from southern Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-457
Author(s):  
Robberson Bernal Setubal ◽  
Martin Grings ◽  
Eduardo Pasini ◽  
Guilherme Dubal dos Santos Seger
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ecological Aspects

Abstract Myrceugenia mesomischa (Burret) D. Legrand & Kausel (Myrtaceae), a tree species poorly cited in floristic and phytosociological surveys in its area of known occurrence, was recorded as one of the species with the highest importance value in a fragment of Araucaria forest in São Francisco de Paula municipality, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The species was abundant in the understory strata of the forest, showing the highest frequency and density of the survey. Considering the paucity of data on the species, its degree of rarity and endemism (occurring only in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, Brazil), more studies are needed to evaluate the true current state of conservation of populations of this species.

scholarly journals Connectivity dynamics of Araucaria forest and grassland surrounding Passo Fundo National Forest, southern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliziane Carla Scariot ◽  
Dayana Almeida ◽  
José Eduardo dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
National Forest ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Araucaria Forest

scholarly journals ESTRUTURA E PADRÃO ESPACIAL DA VEGETAÇÃO EM UMA ÁREA DE CAATINGA

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Paes Marangon ◽  
Rinaldo Luiz Caraciollo Ferreira ◽  
José Antônio Aleixo Da Silva ◽  
David Fagner de Souza e Lira ◽  
Emanuel Araújo Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aggregated Distribution

A vegetação do Nordeste revela carência relacionada ao manejo florestal da Caatinga. Objetivou-se estudar o padrão espacial de espécies e estrutura da vegetação em área de Caatinga, localizada no município de Floresta, PE. Em uma área de aproximadamente 10 ha, com histórico de perturbação, foram instaladas 20 parcelas de 20 x 20 m, de forma sistemática. Todas as árvores com CAP a 1,30 m do solo ≥ 6 cm foram identificadas e tiveram suas circunferências e alturas mensuradas. Foram encontradas 18 espécies arbóreas, distribuídas em 15 gêneros, dentro de 6 famílias botânicas, com índice de diversidade de Shannon (H') de 2,11 nats.ind-1, e área basal total estimada de 4,53 m2.ha-1. Destacaram-se as famílias Fabaceae, com 48,93% dos indivíduos, e Euphorbiaceae, com 41,28%. As espécies Poincianella bracteosa (Tul.) L. P. Queiroz, Croton rhamnifolius Kunth, Manihot cartaginenses subsp. glaziovii (Muell. Arg.) Allem. e Mimosa ophtalmocentra Mart. ex Benth somaram 55% do total do valor de importância. A maioria das espécies apresentou distribuição agregada, exceto algumas, como Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. Allem. para o índice de McGuinnes (IGA), Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J. B. Gillett para McGuinnes (IGA) e Payandeh (Pi) e Manihot cartaginenses subsp. glaziovii (Muell. Arg.) Allem. para Fracker e Brischle (Ki), que obtiveram tendência ao agrupamento.Palavras-chave: Semiárido; Pernambuco; distribuição espacial.AbstractStructure and spatial pattern of vegetation in a caatinga area. Forest management deficiency in relation to Northeast vegetation, specifically caatinga, are remarkable. This research aims to analyze spatial patterns of species and vegetation structure in Caatinga area, located in the municipality of Floresta-PE. In an area of approximately 10 ha, and a history of disturbance, 20 plots (20 x 20 m) were installed in systematic way. All trees with CAP (at 1.30 m above the ground) ≥ 6 cm had been identified, and their circumferences and heights measured. 18 tree species were sampled, distributed in 15 genus, within 6 botanical families, with diversity index of Shannon (H ') of 2.11 nats / ind, and estimated total basal area of 4, 53 m2.ha-1. The highlighted families were Fabaceae, 48.93% of individuals, and Euphorbiaceae 41.28%. The species Poincianella bracteosa (Tul.) L.P.Queiroz, Croton rhamnifolius Kunth, Manihot cartaginenses Subsp. glaziovii (Muell. Arg.) Allem., and Mimosa ophtalmocentra Mart. ex Benth totalized 55% of the total value of importance. Most species revealed aggregated distribution, except some like Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. Allem. for the McGuinness index (IGA), Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J.B.Gillett for McGuinness (IGA) and Payandeh (Pi), and Manihot cartaginenses Subsp. glaziovii (Muell. Arg.) Allem. for Fracker and Brischle (Ki), which obtained grouping tendency.Keywords: Semiarid; Pernambuco; spatial distribution. 

scholarly journals Impact of applied silvicultural systems on spatial pattern of hornbeam-oak forests

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Vacek ◽  
Stanislav Vacek ◽  
Lukáš Bílek ◽  
Jan Král ◽  
Iva Ulbrichová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Tree Layer ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Coppice With Standards

AbstractThe spatial pattern of forest closely affects tree competition that drives the most of processes in forest ecosystems. Therefore, we focused on evaluation of the horizontal structure of high forest, coppice with standards and low forest in hornbeam-oak forests in the Protected Landscape Area Český kras (Czech Republic). The horizontal structure of tree layer individuals with crown projection centroids and natural regeneration was analysed for durmast oak (Quercus petraea(Matt.) Liebl.), European hornbeam (Carpinus betulusL.) and small-leaved linden (Tilia cordataMill.) stands. Horizontal structure of the tree stems of the studied tree species in high forest was random, in oak it was moderately regular. In coppice with standards it was random in oak, in hornbeam and linden it was aggregated within 3 – 5 m and random up to a larger spacing. In low forest at a distance of 4 – 6 m the horizontal structure of the three studied tree species was aggregated while it was random at a larger spacing. The horizontal structure of natural regeneration was aggregated in all forest types. In coppice with standards and high forest, parent stand had significant negative effect on the natural regeneration at smaller distance (to 1.4 m from the stem). Crown centroids were more regularly distributed than tree stems, especially in low forest (2.0 m) and in linden (2.3 m). Our results contribute to existing knowledge about silvicultural systems and their impact on hornbeam-oak forests with implications for forest management and nature protection.

scholarly journals Dispersion and aggregation patterns of tree species in Araucaria Forest, Southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 2397-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOÃO PAULO DE MAÇANEIRO ◽  
ANDRÉ LUÍS DE GASPER ◽  
FRANKLIN GALVÃO ◽  
LAURI A. SCHORN
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Araucaria Forest
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