scholarly journals MORPHOFUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY OF SEEDLINGS FOUND IN A TROPICAL RAINFOREST SEED BANK, IN THE NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Joselane Príscila Gomes Da Silva ◽  
Luiz Carlos Marangon ◽  
Ana Lícia Patriota Feliciano ◽  
Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Shade Cloth ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
The Family ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

The aim of this study was to evaluate the identification and floristic composition of seedlings of tree species, located in the soil seed bank of a remnant of the Dense Ombrophilous Forest of the Lowlands, in the Northeast of Brazil, from a morphofunctional ecology standpoint. A hundred and fifty two soil samples (0.2 m x 0.15 m x 0.05 m) were taken from a forest remnant, stored in polyethylene bags, identified and then taken to the Forest Nursery at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, where they were placed in polyethylene boxes under a 70% shade cloth and evaluated daily for a period of seven months. The seedlings emerged were photographed, separated into morphospecies, identified at the family and gender level and, when possible, at the species level. The density and absolute frequency, as well as the successional and morphological classification of the seedling cotyledons were estimated. In total, 1,577 seedlings of 31 morphospecies were cataloged. Melastomataceae was the family that presented the greatest richness, representing 48% of the species identified. The average density was 344.62 seeds.m-2, with higher densities for species of the family Melastomataceae, together with Maprounea guianensis and Cecropia palmata. There was a predominance of seedlings with epigeal and phanerocotylar germination, and with foliaceous cotyledons, corresponding to 93.56%. The seed bank was composed, predominantly, by pioneer species such as Cecropia palmata, Henriettea succosa, Miconia hypoleuca and Miconia tomentosa. Seedlings with epigeal germination, foliaceous and phanerocotylar cotyledons predominated for being easily established in more open areas.

Soil Seed Banks of Adjacent Unlogged Rain-Forest Types in North-Queensland

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
AW Graham ◽  
MS Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Secondary Species

The size and floristic composition of soil seed banks under four adjacent, unlogged and structurally different rainforest types were assessed by exposing 17 surface soil samples (to 40mm depth) to germination-house conditions. The mean size of the seed bank in the undisturbed forest types was 240 seeds m-2 (s.d. 139). Seeds of secondary species dominated the soil seed banks in all forest types, although weed seeds constituted only 0.6-4.0%. Some forest types had characteristic component secondary species in the buried seed bank. Agglomerative classification and multidimensional scaling analysis of quantitative sample data indicated that the parent structural-environmental forest type was the dominant influence in determining composition of the soil seed banks. Comparisons of the seed banks of the intact rainforest with those of nearby disturbed forests showed the former to be 35 to 50% smaller in total size, and lacking in some distinctive secondary species. It was concluded that disturbance, both within and adjacent to rainforest, may influence soil seed bank compositions, and hence future patterns of regeneration.

Impact of sheep grazing on the soil seed bank of a managed ephemeral wetland: implications for management

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Nicol ◽  
Sally Muston ◽  
Paula D'Santos ◽  
Bernard McCarthy ◽  
Sylvia Zukowski
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Typha Domingensis ◽  
Ephemeral Wetland ◽  
Cuscuta Campestris

The seed bank is an important mechanism for the persistence of species in ephemeral wetlands, but grazing by domestic stock may change the seed bank and in turn the capacity of the system to recover from disturbance. The sediments of two areas in Thegoa Lagoon (Murray–Darling Basin), one area grazed by sheep when dry and the other ungrazed, were examined. The objective of the study was to determine whether and how the (1) germinable seed bank and (2) final plant communities differ between the grazed and ungrazed areas. The seed banks were subjected to one of the following three water depths: 5 cm above the surface of the water, 5 cm below the surface and 50 cm below the surface. The composition of the seed bank was determined by using the seedling-emergence technique for 12 weeks, with seedlings removed every 2 weeks. The final plant communities were determined at 12 weeks without removing seedlings. The seed bank from the grazed area had a significantly lower seed density (5600 ± 593 seeds m–2) and species richness (7 species) than the ungrazed area (37 683 ± 4492 seeds m–2, 16 species) (ANOVA: F1, 10 = 50.16, P < 0.0001). The floristic composition of the seed bank was also significantly different between the areas (NPMANOVA: F1, 10 = 15.44, P = 0.0032). Glinus lotoides was in higher abundance in the grazed area and Alternanthera denticulata, Persicaria lapathifolium, Polygonum plebium, Typha domingensis and Centipeda cunninghamii in the ungrazed area. Similarly, the final communities derived from the grazed and ungrazed areas were significantly different from each other (NPMANOVA: F1, 10 = 15.53, P = 0.0032). Greater numbers of Centipeda cunninghamii were present in the community from the grazed area and Alternanthera denticulata and Cuscuta campestris were present in larger numbers in the community from the ungrazed area. Water depth also had an impact on germination; no germination occurred in seed banks flooded to 50 cm and one Typha domingensis seedling was observed in a sample flooded to 5 cm. These results showed that grazing reduces the density and species richness of the seed bank and in turn changes the plant communities derived from the seed bank; however, if grazing is removed pest plants such as Cuscuta campestris may require control. In addition, managed drawdown or water-level fluctuations are important in exposing wetland sediments and allowing for species to recruit from the seed bank.

scholarly journals Phanerogamic flora and phytogeography of the Cloud Dwarf Forests of Ibitipoca State Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Breno Moreira ◽  
Fabrício Alvim Carvalho ◽  
Luiz Menini Neto ◽  
Fátima Regina Gonçalves Salimena
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Campos Rupestres ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Arboreal Habit ◽  
Southeastern Region

Abstract: This study was developed in Ibitipoca State Park (ISP), a mountainous massif that stands out in the Serra da Mantiqueira, in the Southeastern Region of Brazil. The vegetation is represented by a phytophysiognomic mosaic where areas of campos rupestres interspersed with cloud dwarf forests predominate, at altitudes of 1100 to 1700 m.s.m. The cloud dwarf forests exist in narrow altitude belts on the mountain peaks, immersed in a layer of clouds. They form a peculiar landscape high in the mountains by the short stature of the arboreal elements and richness of lichens and bryophytes, which develop under constant condensation of humidity, low temperatures, and frequent winds. The objective of the present work was to determine the floristic composition and phytogeography of the cloud dwarf forests of ISP. Twelve monthly campaigns were conducted to collect botanical material during the years 2014 and 2015. The collected material was deposited in the collection of the CESJ Herbarium. A total of 372 species, 209 genera, and 73 families of phanerogams were found. The richest families were Orchidaceae (84 spp.), Asteraceae (39 spp.), and Melastomataceae (21 spp). The genera with the greatest wealth were Leandra (09 spp.), Epidendrum (09 spp.), Pleurothallis (09 spp.), Mikania (07 spp.), and Miconia (07 spp). The arboreal habit was predominant with 103 species (27.7%), followed by 83 shrubs (22.3%), 82 epiphytic herbs (22%), 80 terrestrial herbs (21.5%), and 23 lianas (6.5%). The floristic composition presents elements typical of altitude vegetation, including species of campos rupestres and high epiphytes richness, especially of the families Orchidaceae and Bromeliaceae. The genera with tropical distribution represent 86.5%, whereas the temperate elements represent 13.5% of the total. The cloud dwarf forests presented similarity, at the family and gender levels, with the upper montane forests of the Andes, besides phytogeographic characteristics that allow to associate them to a transition environment between the campos rupestres and the upper montane forests of the Southeast Region of Brazil.

scholarly journals SOIL SEED BANK AS A BIOINDICATOR TO IDENTIFY INVASIVE SPECIES

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 760
Author(s):  
Ariane Cristine Araujo Silva ◽  
Sebastião Venâncio Martins ◽  
Diego Balestrin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Exotic Tree ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
The City ◽  
Muntingia Calabura ◽  
Germinated Seeds

This study aimed to characterize the soil seed bank in an area dominated by Leucaena leucocephala, here called “Povoamento de Leucaena” (PL) and an area of native forest in the Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (PERD), both of which are affected by the city of Ipatinga, MG. Thirty sample units (SU) with dimensions of 25.0 x 25.0 x 5.0 cm were installed in each of the study areas and the seed bank of the areas was collected and evaluated. The emerging seedlings were counted and identified; the evaluations were carried out weekly during the six-month period. The average density of germinated seeds was 716.2 seeds/m² in the PL and 86.4 seeds/m² in the PERD area. In addition, 39 species were identified in the PL area (41% exotic), while in the PERD area 32 species were identified (25% exotic). The exotic tree species that stood out in number of individuals were Muntingia calabura and L. leucocephala, representing 82.57% and 5.88%, respectively of the total individuals found. Therefore, both environments are under strong environmental pressure, requiring the control of existing exotic species, as well as enrichment actions with the planting of species of diversity to accelerate the restoration process in the PL area.

scholarly journals SEASONAL SEMIDECIDUAL FOREST FRAGMENT SOIL SEED BANK AND IT’S RELATIONSHIP WITH CONSERVATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Juares Soares ◽  
Sabrina Ferreira Laurito
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Pioneer Species ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

ABSTRACT Soil seed banks are the first source of seeds for regeneration after a forest’s disturbance. The present study aims to verify the regeneration potential of the soil seed bank of a Seasonal Semidecidual Forest remnant. The study was carried out at Canchim Farm, CPPSE - Embrapa (São Paulo State, Brazil). Soil samples were collected from the fragment in both the wet and dry seasons. An average of 307.8 seedlings/m2 was found in the dry season and an average of 144 seedlings/m2 was found in the dry station. Twenty six species of trees with viable seeds were found in the soil, mostly pioneer species; among them, Cecropia glaziovi Snethlage was the most abundant pioneer species. The soil seed bank can be considered of great potential for regeneration due to the presence of pioneers, secondary and later species.

scholarly journals BANCO DE SEMENTES DO SOLO, COMO SUBSÍDIO À RECOMPOSIÇÃO DE MATA CILIAR

FLORESTA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Marinho Pereira ◽  
Auwdréia Pereira Alvarenga ◽  
Soraya Alvarenga Botelho
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
River Catchment

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a densidade e composição do banco de sementes do solo em dois ambientes de mata ciliar alterada, no entorno de uma nascente. A nascente estudada pertence à bacia hidrográfica do rio Capivari, no município de Itumirim, MG (21º16’ S e 44º52’ W). Nos dois ambientes estudados, foram coletadas 18 amostras de solo a 5,0 cm profundidade, no final da estação chuvosa (maio de 2003). Calculou-se a densidade de sementes e a curva de germinação do banco pelo método de emergência de plântulas. Também foi feita a determinação da composição florística, com base principalmente na morfologia das plântulas. Após um período de 210 dias de avaliação, obteve-se uma densidade de 2.332 sementes/m2 no Ambiente I e 1.896 sementes/m2 no Ambiente II. No entanto constatou-se que o banco de sementes dos dois ambientes avaliados era composto apenas por espécies ruderais. Tais resultados evidenciam a necessidade de intervenção humana no processo de recomposição da vegetação ciliar no entorno dessa nascente, por meio da regeneração artificial de espécies arbóreas.Palavras-chave: Banco de sementes do solo; nascente e recomposição da vegetação. AbstractSoilseed bankastogrant recovery of the riparian forest. The present work objective knows the density and composition of soil seed bank in ciliary areas altered in spill of two springs. The studied springs belong to Capivari river catchment, Itumirim, MG (21º16'S and 44º52 ' W). The samples of soils were collected in the end of the rainy station (May of 2003). Were 18 soil samples were collected for the two environments to the depth of 5 cm. was calculated the density of seeds and the curve of germination of the soil seed bank, for method of seedling emergency. It was also made the determination of the floristic composition based mainly on the morphology of the seedling. After a period of 210 days of evaluation obtained a density of 2332 seed/m2 was observed in the environment I and 1896 seed/m2, for the environment. However, it was verified that the bank of seeds of the two appraised East was just composed of ruderal species. Such results evidence the need of human intervention in the process of restoration of the ciliary vegetation in spill of this spring, through the artificial regeneration of the arboreal species.Keyword: Seed bank; spring and restoration of the vegetation.

Végétation épigée et banque de semences du sol: leur contribution à la stabilité cyclique des pinèdes mixtes de Pinus halepensis et P. pinaster

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1012-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Trabaud ◽  
J. J. Martinez-Sanchez ◽  
P. Ferrandis ◽  
A. I. Gonzalez-Ochoa ◽  
J. M. Herranz
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Long Duration

After fire (a frequent phenomenon in the Mediterranean area), numerous seedlings appear from seeds of the soil seed bank that would not appear would there be no fire. Why this sudden advent? To which species do they belong? Vegetation records were made in a 12-year-old mixed pine forest of Pinus halepensis and P. pinaster. At the same time, soil samples were collected (5 cm deep). The direct method (identification with binocular lens of all encountered seeds after soil screening) was used to identify seeds to species. Seeds of species encountered in large quantity were subjected to viability tests. The seeds of two therophytes (Trifolium glomeratum, T. campestre) were subjected to thermal treatments. The soil seed bank was only partially reflecting the floristic composition of the pine forest. Three groups of plants were distinguished: (i) species observed both in aboveground vegetation and in the soil seed bank (21.9%); all were perennials, (ii) species encountered only in the vegetation (58.5%); those preferentially regenerated by vegetative means, and (iii) species observed only in the soil seed bank (19.5%); most reproduced only from seeds. The number of seeds in the soil was high and their distribution very variable. The higher the number of plots in which seeds of a species appeared, the more numerous were the total seeds of that species recorded. Thus, Cistus ladanifer was present in great quantity in all samples. In seeds of species subjected to thermal treatments, low temperatures (50–90 °C) did not increase germination rates, but exposure to high temperatures (130–150 °C) for long duration (10 min) killed the embryo. In conclusion, numerous seeds are present in a dormant stage in the soil. When a disturbance such as fire eliminates temporarily the aboveground vegetation, these seeds germinate. Thus, after a fire, the seedlings of these species proliferate, then these species disappear with representation by seeds in latent form in the soil when perennial aboveground vegetation has reoccupied burned areas. Key words: seeds, soil seed bank, fire, thermal treatments.

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