Reentry Following COVID-19: Concerns for Singers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Meyer ◽  
John Nix ◽  
Lynn Helding ◽  
Allen Henderson ◽  
Tom Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Transmission Route ◽  
Airborne Transmission ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Privacy Laws ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Psychological Risks

The effectiveness of the two-dose COVID-19 vaccines has made reentry to in-person teaching, learning, and performing possible, despite singers’ special vulnerabilities to SARS-CoV-2 due to the virus’ airborne transmission route and the high-aerosol generating nature of singing. A number of factors may complicate a return to pre-pandemic conditions. This article provides resources to help teachers, singers, and collaborative pianists safely and ethically navigate a return to in-person singing by considering the following: effectiveness of vaccination and mask use; an update on aerosol risk; environmental risk factors and mitigation; the intersection of the privacy laws FERPA and HIPAA and vaccine hesitancy, and the psychological risks of reentry following the pandemic.

Self-Control As a Moderator for Environmental Risk Factors

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Wills ◽  
Pallav Pokhrel ◽  
Frederick X. Gibbons ◽  
James D. Sargent ◽  
Mike Stoolmiller
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Self Control

Environmental Risk Factors in Multiple Sclerosis Questionnaire

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pugliatti ◽  
I. Casetta ◽  
J. Drulovic ◽  
E. Granieri ◽  
T. Holmøy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors

Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Alcoholism: A 16-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Chao Liu ◽  
Shu-Fen Liao ◽  
Lawrence Shih-Hsin ◽  
Susan Shur-Fen Gau ◽  
Wen-Chung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort

The Role and Perceptions of Independent Audit Partners in the Governmental Audit Market

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne H. Lowensohn ◽  
Frank Collins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Audit Firm ◽  
The Public ◽  
Audit Market ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Independent Audit

Audits are the primary means of monitoring that public funds are appropriately spent by governmental entities. Currently, independent auditors (rather than governmental auditors) are the primary suppliers of governmental audit services, despite the fact that many of them view governmental audits as “secondary” (AICPA 1987). Furthermore, nongovernmental auditors are believed to be less “independent” and more prone to lose sight of the programmatic demand to safeguard the public trust (Power 1997) than governmental auditors. To better understand the supply of governmental audit services, this study investigates independent audit firm partner opinions of governmental audits and their motivation to pursue these engagements. Multiple regression results of our data reveal that partners are more likely to pursue governmental audits if they believe that desirable intrinsic and extrinsic rewards are attainable through performing these audits. Furthermore, environmental risk factors—an active political climate and authoritative changes—reduce partner motivation to pursue governmental audits. It is suggested that environmental risk factors disrupt the comfortable principal/agent relationship of the auditor and auditee because the relationships have become decoupled (abstracted) from the audit's programmatic mission.

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