Study on Damage Reduction by Flood Inundation and the Sediments by SWAT and HEC-RAS Modeling of Flow Dynamics with Watershed Hydrology - For 27 July 2011 Heavy Storm Event at GonjiamCheon Watershed -

Abstract. Two of the most relevant components of any flood forecasting system, namely the rainfall-runoff and flood inundation models, increasingly benefit from the availability of spatially distributed Earth Observation data. With the advent of microwave remote sensing instruments and their all weather capabilities, new opportunities have emerged over the past decade for improved hydrologic and hydraulic model calibration and validation. However, the usefulness of remote sensing observations in coupled hydrologic and hydraulic models still requires further investigations. Radar remote sensing observations are readily available to provide information on flood extent. Moreover, the fusion of radar imagery and high precision digital elevation models allows estimating distributed water levels. With a view to further explore the potential offered by SAR images, this paper investigates the usefulness of remote sensing-derived water stages in a modelling sequence where the outputs of hydrologic models (rainfall-runoff models) serve as boundary condition of flood inundation models. The methodology consists in coupling a simplistic 3-parameter conceptual rainfall-runoff model with a 1-D flood inundation model. Remote sensing observations of flooded areas help to identify and subsequently correct apparent volume errors in the modelling chain. The updating of the soil moisture module of the hydrologic model is based on the comparison of water levels computed by the coupled hydrologic-hydraulic model with those estimated using remotely sensed flood extent. The potential of the proposed methodology is illustrated with data collected during a storm event on the Alzette River (Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg). The study contributes to assess the value of remote sensing data for evaluating the saturation status of a river basin.

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Potential of turbidity monitoring for real time control of pollutant discharge in sewers during rainfall events

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2009.169 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 59 (8) ◽

pp. 1471-1478 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C. Lacour ◽

C. Joannis ◽

M.-C. Gromaire ◽

G. Chebbo

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Simple Relation ◽

Flow Dynamics ◽

Storm Event ◽

Real Time Control ◽

Event Scale ◽

Hydraulic Flow ◽

Time Control ◽

Wet Weather ◽

Total Event

Turbidity sensors can be used to continuously monitor the evolution of pollutant mass discharge. For two sites within the Paris combined sewer system, continuous turbidity, conductivity and flow data were recorded at one-minute time intervals over a one-year period. This paper is intended to highlight the variability in turbidity dynamics during wet weather. For each storm event, turbidity response aspects were analysed through different classifications. The correlation between classification and common parameters, such as the antecedent dry weather period, total event volume per impervious hectare and both the mean and maximum hydraulic flow for each event, was also studied. Moreover, the dynamics of flow and turbidity signals were compared at the event scale. No simple relation between turbidity responses, hydraulic flow dynamics and the chosen parameters was derived from this effort. Knowledge of turbidity dynamics could therefore potentially improve wet weather management, especially when using pollution-based real-time control (P-RTC) since turbidity contains information not included in hydraulic flow dynamics and not readily predictable from such dynamics.

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Developing an effective 2-D urban flood inundation model for city emergency management based on cellular automata

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-15-381-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 381-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

L. Liu ◽

Y. Liu ◽

X. Wang ◽

D. Yu ◽

K. Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Management ◽

Southern China ◽

Flow Dynamics ◽

Storm Water ◽

Water Runoff ◽

Flood Inundation ◽

Storm Events ◽

Urban Flood ◽

Ca Model ◽

Inundation Model

Abstract. Flash floods have occurred frequently in the urban areas of southern China. An effective process-oriented urban flood inundation model is urgently needed for urban storm-water and emergency management. This study develops an efficient and flexible cellular automaton (CA) model to simulate storm-water runoff and the flood inundation process during extreme storm events. The process of infiltration, inlets discharge and flow dynamics can be simulated with little preprocessing on commonly available basic urban geographic data. In this model, a set of gravitational diverging rules are implemented to govern the water flow in a rectangular template of three cells by three cells of a raster layer. The model is calibrated by one storm event and validated by another in a small urban catchment in Guangzhou of southern China. The depth of accumulated water at the catchment outlet is interpreted from street-monitoring closed-circuit television (CCTV) videos and verified by on-site survey. A good level of agreement between the simulated process and the reality is reached for both storm events. The model reproduces the changing extent and depth of flooded areas at the catchment outlet with an accuracy of 4 cm in water depth. Comparisons with a physically based 2-D model (FloodMap) show that the model is capable of effectively simulating flow dynamics. The high computational efficiency of the CA model can meet the needs of city emergency management.

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BARRIER ISLAND RESTORATION FOR STORM DAMAGE REDUCTION: WILLAPA BAY, WASHINGTON, USA

Coastal Engineering Proceedings ◽

10.9753/icce.v32.management.32 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (32) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

David R Michalsen ◽

Steven D Babcock ◽

Lihwa Lin

Keyword(s):

Assessment Tool ◽

Barrier Island ◽

Water Levels ◽

Storm Event ◽

Army Corps ◽

Storm Damage ◽

Indian Reservation ◽

Island Restoration ◽

Damage Reduction ◽

Extreme Water Levels

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District has completed a feasibility study and determined barrier island restoration to be the most appropriate long-term coastal flood and storm damage reduction measure for the Shoalwater Indian Reservation. Over the last century, Cape Shoalwater has receded more than 2.8 miles. By 1990, the Shoalwater Reservation’s only remaining protection from storm wave attack was a series of barrier islands fronting Tokeland Peninsula. Extreme water levels coincident with strong winter storms have historically inundated this low lying topography and are responsible for the erosion and overwash of the protective barrier island known as Graveyard Spit. Here a simple risk assessment tool is presented for identifying flood risk to the Shoalwater Reservation infrastructure. Statistical analysis of extreme water levels and numerical modeling is utilized to determine the extent of inundation. From the analysis it was determined 54% of the inventoried infrastructure is at risk during a storm event equivalent to the observed event on March 3, 1999. With the barrier island restoration it was found that this risk is reduced to 7%.

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Calibration and sequential updating of a coupled hydrologic-hydraulic model using remote sensing-derived water stages

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-5-3213-2008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 3213-3245 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Montanari ◽

R. Hostache ◽

P. Matgen ◽

G. Schumann ◽

L. Pfister ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Microwave Remote Sensing ◽

Apparent Volume ◽

Hydraulic Model ◽

Water Levels ◽

Storm Event ◽

Observation Data ◽

Flood Inundation ◽

Rainfall Runoff

Abstract. Two of the most relevant components of any flood forecasting system, namely the rainfall-runoff and flood inundation models, increasingly benefit from the availability of spatially distributed Earth Observation data. With the advent of microwave remote sensing instruments and their all weather capabilities, new opportunities have emerged over the past decade for improved hydrologic and hydraulic model calibration and validation. However, the usefulness of remote sensing observations in coupled hydrologic and hydraulic models still requires further investigations. Radar remote sensing observations are readily available to provide information on flood extent. Moreover, the fusion of radar imagery and high precision digital elevation models allows estimating distributed water levels. With a view to further explore the potential offered by SAR images, this paper investigates the usefulness of remote sensing-derived water stages in a modelling sequence where the outputs of hydrologic models (rainfall-runoff models) serve as boundary condition of flood inundation models. The methodology consists in coupling a simplistic 3-parameter conceptual rainfall-runoff model with a 1-D flood inundation model. Remote sensing observations of flooded areas help to identify and subsequently correct apparent volume errors in the modelling chain. The updating of the soil moisture module of the hydrological model is based on the comparison of water levels computed by the coupled hydrologic-hydraulic model with those estimated using remotely sensed flood flood extent. The potential of the proposed methodology is illustrated with data collected during a storm event of the Alzette River (Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg). The study contributes to assessing the value of remote sensing data for evaluating the saturation status of a river basin.

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Modeling Urban Flood Inundation and Recession Impacted by Manholes

Water ◽

10.3390/w12041160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1160 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Merhawi GebreEgziabher ◽

Yonas Demissie

Keyword(s):

Drainage System ◽

Spatial Extent ◽

Storm Water ◽

Storm Event ◽

Flood Inundation ◽

Water Drainage ◽

Intense Rainfall ◽

Urban Flood ◽

Flood Simulations ◽

Flooding Events

Urban flooding, caused by unusually intense rainfall and failure of storm water drainage, has become more frequent and severe in many cities around the world. Most of the earlier studies focused on overland flooding caused by intense rainfall, with little attention given to floods caused by failures of the drainage system. However, the drainage system contributions to flood vulnerability have increased over time as they aged and became inadequate to handle the design floods. Adaption of the drainages for such vulnerability requires a quantitative assessment of their contribution to flood levels and spatial extent during and after flooding events. Here, we couple the one-dimensional Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to a new flood inundation and recession model (namely FIRM) to characterize the spatial extent and depth of manhole flooding and recession. The manhole overflow from the SWMM model and a fine-resolution elevation map are applied as inputs in FIRM to delineate the spatial extent and depth of flooding during and aftermath of a storm event. The model is tested for two manhole flooding events in the City of Edmonds in Washington, USA. Our two case studies show reasonable match between the observed and modeled flood spatial extents and highlight the importance of considering manholes in urban flood simulations.

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Developing an effective 2-D urban flood inundation model for city emergency management based on cellular automata

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/nhessd-2-6173-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (9) ◽

pp. 6173-6199 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

L. Liu ◽

Y. Liu ◽

X. Wang ◽

D. Yu ◽

K. Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Management ◽

Southern China ◽

Storm Water ◽

Storm Event ◽

Water Runoff ◽

Flood Inundation ◽

Storm Events ◽

Urban Flood ◽

Ca Model ◽

Inundation Model

Abstract. Flash floods have occurred frequently and severely in the urban areas of South China. An effective process-oriented urban flood inundation model becomes an urgent demand for urban storm water and emergency management. This study develops an effective and flexible cellular automaton (CA) model to simulate storm water runoff and the flood inundation process during extreme storm events. The process of infiltration, inlets discharge and flow dynamic can be simulated only with little pre-processing on commonly available basic urban geographic data. In this model, a set of gravitational diverging rules are implemented in a cellular automation (CA) model to govern the water flow in a 3 x 3 cell template of a raster layer. The model is calibrated by one storm event and validated by another in a small urban catchment in Guangzhou of Southern China. The depth of accumulated water at the catchment outlet is interpreted from street monitoring sensors and verified by on-site survey. A good level of agreement between the simulated process and the reality is reached for both storm events. The model reproduces the changing extent and depth of flooded areas at the catchment outlet with an accuracy of 4 cm in water depth. Comparisons with a physically-based 2-D model (FloodMap) results show that the model have the capability of simulating flow dynamics. The high computational efficiency of CA model can satisfy the demand of city emergency management. The encouraging results of the simulations demonstrate that the CA-based approach is capable of effectively representing the key processes associated with a storm event and reproducing the process of water accumulation at the catchment outlet for making process-considered city emergency management decisions.

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