The forms of penalization of socially dangerous acts

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Марат Тагирович Валеев
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Penalties ◽  
Severity Of Punishment

В статье рассматривается вопрос о формах выражения пенализации общественно опасных деяний. Приводятся виды этих форм в Общей и Особенной части УК РФ - «смысловая», «содержательная», «перечневая», «видовая», «системная», «санкционная», а также их содержание, последовательность, отличия и основания. Автор предлагает изменить подход к «вертикальному» восприятию перечня уголовных наказаний как построенного от менее сурового к более суровому наказанию, в связи с тем, что он не соответствует действительности и малоэффективен, на «горизонтальный», построенный по принципу группировки наказаний в зависимости от категорий преступлений. The article examines the issue of the forms of expressing penalization for the socially dangerous acts. The kinds of these forms are given in the General and Special sections of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation - “semantical,” “substantive,” “enumerative,” “modal,” “systemic,” “sanctioned,” as well as their contents, sequence, differences, and causes. Due to the fact that it is ineffective and not true, the author proposes to change the perception of the criminal penalties list from “vertical” - based on the increase in the severity of punishment, to “horizontal,” in which the punishments are grouped depending on the categories of the crimes.

scholarly journals System of criminal penalties of Russian federation: legal regulation and sentencing practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 04066
Author(s):  
Alexandra Brovkina ◽  
Victor Vezlomtsev ◽  
Svetlana Zakharova ◽  
Olga Shuranova ◽  
Yuri Truntsevsky
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Special Part ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Criminal Penalties

The article presents the questions of constructing a system of criminal penalties under the legislation of the Russian Federation, the problems of imposing various types of punishments taking into account the rules for constructing criminal law sanctions. Changes and additions, various types of criminal penalties, including the content of sanctions in the articles, lead to an imbalance in the principles of their construction. The punishment system is currently in need of reform. An analysis of the sanctions of the articles of a special part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation revealed inconsistencies with the requirements of legislative equipment in their development, which creates serious difficulties in the appointment of sentences by the courts. Penalties under criminal law sanctions include punishment in the form of punishment, forced labor, imprisonment for a specified period. The legislation does not take into account the nature and degree of threat to crimes committed in the formation of sanctions articles. Criminal law and criminal law protection, and criminal procedural requirements, and punishments. In accordance with the peculiarities of the formation of the punishment system, the creation of criminal sanctions, as well as taking into account the goals of punishment in the domestic criminal law, which allows us to develop recommendations on the preparation of sanctions for articles of the criminal code of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Special Military Criminal Penalties: Status and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (91) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
R.V. Zakomoldin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Criminal Punishment ◽  
Data Types ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Penalties ◽  
Criminal Legislation

Presents an analysis of the problems of legislative regulation and practice of applying special military types of criminal punishment under the current military criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. Close attention is paid to such types of military criminal penalties as deprivation of military ranks, restriction on military service, detention in a disciplinary military unit and arrest with detention in the guardhouse. The definition of “special military criminal penalties”is formulated. The classification of these punishments into types on various grounds is given. The author analyzes the shortcomings of the provisions of the criminal law regarding military criminal penalties, as well as the judicial practice of assigning these types of criminal punishment to convicted military personnel. In addition, proposals for amendments and additions to the existing military criminal legislation and in court practice to preserve data types of criminal punishment, an increase in the practice of their application and increasing their effectiveness. It is pointed out that it is necessary to identify the reasons for the non-use of certain types of military criminal penalties and eliminate them. Proposals aimed at excluding special military types of criminal punishment from the Criminal code of the Russian Federation have been criticized, since this trend excludes the declared variety of types of criminal punishment, does not allow taking into account the special status of subjects of criminal responsibility, which excludes the individualization and differentiation of criminal responsibility and criminal punishment of military personnel. The author’s position is supported by an analysis of the opinions of scientists, practical material, and legislative activities.

Why criminal penalty has to be a penalty

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Александр Викторович Шеслер
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Criminal Penalty ◽  
Principle Of Justice ◽  
Concrete Type ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Penalties ◽  
Severe Type

В статье обосновывается необходимость указать в ст. 43 УК РФ на карательный характер наказания. Отмечается, что придание наказанию карательного характера сыграло положительную роль в практике применения уголовных наказаний. Подчеркивается важное значение талиона, с которого началась эволюция уголовного наказания, связанная с ограничением наказаний по интенсивности, продолжительности и кругу лиц. Делается вывод о том, что указание в уголовном законе на карательный характер уголовного наказания позволить установить критерий, отличающий наказание от иных мер уголовно-правового характера, закрепленных в гл. 15 УК РФ. Подчеркивается, что акцентирование законодателем внимания на карательном характера наказания позволит превратить перечень наказаний, определенный в ст. 44 УК РФ, в систему наказаний, так как появится критерий, измеряющий верхний предел конкретного вида наказания, за который оно не должно переходить, чтобы не перерасти в более суровый вид наказания. Обосновывается влияние карательного характера наказания на реализацию закрепленного в уголовном законе принципа справедливости. Need to specify in Article 43 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on the retaliatory nature of punishment is proved in article. It is noted that giving to punishment of retaliatory character played a positive role in practice of application of criminal penalties. The importance of a talion with which the evolution of criminal penalty connected with restriction of punishments on intensity, duration and a circle of people began is emphasized. The conclusion that the instruction in the criminal law on the retaliatory nature of criminal penalty to allow to establish the criterion distinguishing punishment from other measures of criminal character enshrined in Chapter 15 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is drawn. It is emphasized that emphasis by the legislator of attention on retaliatory the nature of punishment will allow to turn the list of punishments defined in Article 44 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, in the system of punishments as there will be a criterion measuring the top limit of punishment of a concrete type out of which it should not pass not to develop into more severe type of punishment. Influence of retaliatory nature of punishment on realization of the principle of justice enshrined in the criminal law is proved.

Problems of criminal liability for illegal crossing of the State border of the Russian Federation and their solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
T. N. Utorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Forced Migrants ◽  
Criminal Penalties

The article analyzes the signs of a crime provided for by Art. 322 of the Criminal Code «Illegal crossing of the State border of the Russian Federation.» The subject of the research is the problems of criminal law protection of the state border. The author has uncovered the issues of qualifying actions to cross the border outside checkpoints, justifies the need to criminalize such actions. The evaluation of punishment differentiation with the use of qualifying signs is given. A proposal was made to unify the use of homogeneous qualifying circumstances — signs of qualified and specially qualified elements of crimes, such as “a group of persons by prior agreement is an organized group”; «with the use of violence not dangerous to life and health or with the threat of violence - with the use of violence dangerous to life and health.» The necessity of expanding the circle of persons who are not subject to criminal liability is substantiated by pointing out in the footnote to article 322 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on persons applying for any asylum and forced migrants. It was proposed to supplement the list of criminal penalties with expulsion applicable only to foreign citizens and stateless persons. As a result the author concludes that the order of management in the area of crossing the state border is not sufficiently protected and that the requirements for differentiating responsibility are not complied with. There are offered options to overcome the current situation.

CODIFICATION PROBLEMS OF NECESSARY DEFENSE AFFECTING ITS IMPLEMENTATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
PETRUSHENKOV ALEXANDR ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Special Part ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legislative Activities

Objectives. The goal of scholarly research is to develop proposals for amendments in criminal law General and Special part of Criminal code of the Russian Federation governing self-defense. The scientific article identifies legislative gaps and contradictions that hinder the effective implementation of the necessary defense and require prompt solutions. Methods. The article analyzes such concepts as “self-defense”, “public assault”, “excess of limits of necessary defense”, “violation of the conditions of lawfulness of necessary defense”, “surprise assault”, “rights defending or other persons, interests of the state”. The use of logical and comparative legal methods allowed us to develop proposals for making changes to the criminal law norms that establish the necessary defense. Conclusions. The article shows the conflicts and gaps legislative recognition of self-defense and, in this regard, the complexity of its implementation in the articles of the Special part of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation and practical application. Changes are proposed to the criminal law norms regulating the necessary defense, both in the General and in the Special part of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation. Sense. The content of the scientific article can be used by the teaching staff of higher educational institutions when teaching the course “Criminal law”. The results of the work can be useful to persons who carry out legislative activities in the field of criminal law. The leitmotif of the article can be used in the preparation of dissertation research.

The main problems of operational-search counteraction to bribery in Russia (based on the example of the practice materials in the Komi Republic)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Vladimir Danko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Subject And Object ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Object Of Crime

The work is carried out on the basis of special methods of knowledge, including historical-legal, logical, formal-legal. In the article, taking into account scientific sources and practical experience, the legal problems of operative-search counteraction to crimes provided for in Article 290-291.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are considered. The analysis of bribery is realized jointly, because there are identical characteristics in all its corpus delicties – the same subject and object of crime. The existing norms of criminal and criminal procedure laws in relation to bribery are analyzed. Principal operative-search measures used in documentation of bribery are determined. They are surveillance and operational experiment. Their difference is justified and successful use examples are examined. An actual statistics of the Komi Republic for 2015-2018 is given. The lack of normative securing for interaction between operational subdivisions and preliminary investigation body is ascertained. Based on personal practical experience some measures to counteract bribery are proposed.

The use of mass media and information and telecommunication networks as an evidence of offences punished for illegal trafficking of items and materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Andrey Antipov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Illicit Trafficking ◽  
Special Control ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In This paper is dedicated to the examination of one of the most relevant and significant problems of Russian society – illegal trafficking of items and materials, carried out using mass media andinformation and telecommunication networks. Top officials of the state raise the issue of the importance of special control in this area by law enforcement agencies. Despite this attention, comprehensive study on the criminal-legal significance of the use of mass media and information and telecommunication networks in illegal trafficking has not been yet undertaken in the frame of criminal law of Russia. The author examines the concept of «illegal traffic», analyses the texts of the articles of the criminal code of the Russian Federation, which explicitly criminalize illicit trafficking. The author makes a conclusion about the reasonableness of making changes to certain articles of the criminal code of the Russian Federation, in regard to the part concerning establishing stricter penalties for committing socially dangerous acts using mass media and information and telecommunication networks.

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