scholarly journals Adaptive Variable Degree- Zero-Trees for Re-Encoding of Perceptually Quantized Wavelet Packet Transformed Audio and High-Quality Speech

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Omid Ghahabi ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Savoji
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Packet ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Set Partitioning ◽  
Degree Zero ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Scalable Algorithm ◽  
Hierarchical Trees ◽  
Zero Tree

A fast, efficient, and scalable algorithm is proposed, in this paper, for re-encoding of perceptually quantized wavelet-packet transform (WPT) coefficients of audio and high quality speech and is called “adaptive variable degree- zero-trees” (AVDZ). The quantization process is carried out by taking into account some basic perceptual considerations and achieves good subjective quality with low complexity. The performance of the proposed AVDZ algorithm is compared with two other zero-tree-based schemes comprising (1) embedded zero-tree wavelet (EZW) and (2) the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT). Since EZW and SPIHT are designed for image compression, some modifications are incorporated in these schemes for their better matching to audio signals. It is shown that the proposed modifications can improve their performance by about 15–25%. Furthermore, it is concluded that the proposed AVDZ algorithm outperforms these modified versions in terms of both output average bit-rates and computation times.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study and Analysis of EZW and SPIHT methods for Wavelet based Image Compression

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-673
Author(s):  
CHETAN R. DUDHAGARA ◽  
MAYUR M. PATEL
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Set Partitioning ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Storage Requirement ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Memory Space ◽  
Hierarchical Trees ◽  
Large Memory ◽  
Zero Tree

In recent years there has been widely increase the use of digital media everywhere. To increase the use of digital media, there is a huge problem of storage, manipulation and transmission of data over the internet. These digital media such as image, audio and video require large memory space. So it is necessary to compress the digital data to require less memory space and less bandwidth to transmission of data over network. Image compressions techniques are used to compress the data for reduce the storage requirement. It plays an important role for transfer of data such as image over the network. Two methods are used in this paper on Barbara image. This compression study is performed by using Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) and Embedded Zero tree Wavelet (EZW) compression techniques. There are many parameters are used to compare this techniques. Mean Square Error (MSE), Pick Signal to Noise Ration (PSNR) and Compression Ratio (CR) are used at different level of decompositions.

High-quality low-complexity wavelet-based compression algorithm for audio signals

2003 ◽  
Vol -1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Abo-Zahhad ◽  
A. Al-Smadi ◽  
S. M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Low Complexity ◽  
Compression Algorithm ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
High Quality

scholarly journals High Rate Squeezing using LL Band Coding in Wavelet Domain

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Keyword(s):  
Set Partitioning ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Wavelet Domain ◽  
Wavelet Theory ◽  
Cost Of Quality ◽  
Processing Task ◽  
Hierarchical Trees ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Spiht Coding

Wavelet based image compression standards not only inspired signal and image processing community but also the research community of many research and application fields towards the wavelet theory. All wavelet based schemes follow the standard sequence of steps. They are transformation and the processing task at one end followed by the inverse of processing task and inverse transform at another end. Wavelet based compression was done in a quite different manner from its inception. The early techniques include Embedded Zerotree Wavelet (EZW) coding and Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) coding. Although, SPIHT is an extension of EZW, both follow more or less similar process in coding and decoding. These schemes code the significant and insignificant coefficients using symbols or maintaining a list of indices of the coefficients. The decision on significant or insignificant will be taken by comparing with a threshold which will be updated in each iteration. In both the schemes, if a coefficient is identified as an insignificant one, then the bits incurred in conveying this coefficient is less and in many cases very less. One can imagine that if a coefficient is made to be an insignificant then the number of bits required will be less. This issue was taken up in this paper and bits of selected regions is chosen and a significant improvement is compression ratio is observed at a little cost of quality.

scholarly journals A Very Compact AES-SPIHT Selective Encryption Computer Architecture Design with Improved S-Box

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Hao Kong ◽  
Li-Minn Ang ◽  
Kah Phooi Seng
Keyword(s):  
Computer Architecture ◽  
Nonlinear Property ◽  
Set Partitioning ◽  
Advanced Encryption Standard ◽  
Instruction Set ◽  
Selective Encryption ◽  
Low Area ◽  
Gate Count ◽  
Hierarchical Trees ◽  
Spiht Algorithm

The “S-box” algorithm is a key component in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) due to its nonlinear property. Various implementation approaches have been researched and discussed meeting stringent application goals (such as low power, high throughput, low area), but the ultimate goal for many researchers is to find a compact and small hardware footprint for the S-box circuit. In this paper, we present our version of minimized S-box with two separate proposals and improvements in the overall gate count. The compact S-box is adopted with a compact and optimum processor architecture specifically tailored for the AES, namely, the compact instruction set architecture (CISA). To further justify and strengthen the purpose of the compact crypto-processor’s application, we have also presented a selective encryption architecture (SEA) which incorporates the CISA as a part of the encryption core, accompanied by the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) algorithm as a complete selective encryption system.

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