scholarly journals Analysis of Laminated Architectural Glazing Subjected to Wind Load and Windborne Debris Impact

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh S. Shetty ◽  
Lokeswarappa R. Dharani ◽  
Daniel S. Stutts
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Lateral Pressure ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Wind Loading ◽  
Combined Stress ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Windborne Debris ◽  
Debris Impact

During windstorms and hurricanes, architectural glazing is subjected to wind loading and windborne debris impact. Wind-borne debris is categorized into two types. One is small hard missile like roof gravel and the other is large soft missile representing the lumber from wood-framed buildings. Laminated architectural glazing (LAG) is the commonly used glazing in buildings where impact resistance is needed. The prefailure stress response of the LAG due to the combined loading due to wind and windborne debris impact is studied. Following the ASTM standards (E1886 and E1996), a steel ball with an impact velocity of 39.62 m/s and a wooden cylinder with an impact velocity 12.19 m/s were chosen to be representative of small and large missiles, respectively. A lateral pressure that corresponds to a wind speed of 58.11 m/s was used to represent wind loading on LAG. The effect of geometric and material properties on the stress response of a rectangular LAG is studied parametrically. Thinner outer ply would result in better prefailure stress pattern than a thicker outer ply, while thicker interlayer generally results in lower stresses in failure critical areas. The contribution of wind loading to the principal stress is between 5–10% of the combined stress with small missile case having higher percentage.

Numerical and experimental study of steel wire mesh and basalt fibre mesh strengthened structural insulated panel against projectile impact

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1183-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfei Meng ◽  
Wensu Chen ◽  
Hong Hao
Keyword(s):  
Steel Wire ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Wind Loading ◽  
Basalt Fibre ◽  
Windborne Debris ◽  
Steel Wire Mesh ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Debris Impact ◽  
Fibre Mesh

Extreme wind events caused damages and losses around the world every year. Windborne debris impact might create opening on building envelop, which would lead to the increase in internal pressure and result in roof being lift up and wall collapse. Some standards including Australia Wind Loading Code (AS/NZS 1170:2:2011, 2011) put forward design criteria to protect structures against windborne debris impacts. Structural insulated panel with Oriented Strand Board skin and expanded polystyrene core has been increasingly used in the building industry. Its capacity was found insufficient to resist the windborne debris impact in cyclonic areas defined in the Australian Wind Loading Code. Therefore, such panels need be strengthened for their applications in construction in cyclonic areas. In this study, impact resistance capacities of seven structural insulated panels strengthened with steel wire mesh and basalt fibre mesh were experimentally and numerically investigated. The impact resistance capacities were identified by comparing the damage mode, residual velocity and unpenetrated length of projectile after impact. Experimental results clearly demonstrated the enhancement of the impact resistance capacities of panels strengthened with steel wire mesh and basalt fibre mesh. Finite element model was developed in LS-DYNA to simulate the dynamic response of the structural insulated panels under windborne debris impact. The accuracy of the numerical model was validated with the testing data.

scholarly journals Analysis of Damage in Laminated Architectural Glazing Subjected to Wind Loading and Windborne Debris Impact

Buildings ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Shetty ◽  
Jun Wei ◽  
Lokeswarappa Dharani ◽  
Daniel Stutts
Keyword(s):  
Wind Loading ◽  
Windborne Debris ◽  
Debris Impact

Numerical Study of Corrugated Metal Panels Subjected to Windborne Debris Impacts

2014 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Wen Su Chen ◽  
Hong Hao ◽  
Hao Du
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Event ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Wind Loading ◽  
Windborne Debris ◽  
Study Laboratory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Metal Panels ◽  
Corrugated Metal

Hurricane, typhoon and cyclone take place more and more often around the world with changing climate. Such nature disasters cause tremendous economic loss and casualty. Various kinds of windborne debris such as compact-like, plate-like and rod-like objects driven by hurricane usually imposes localized impact loading on the structure envelopes such as cladding, wall or roof, etc. The dominant opening in the envelope might cause serious damage to the structures, even collapse. To withstand the impact of such extreme event, the requirements on panel capacity to resist windborne debris impact has been presented in the Australian Wind Loading Code (2011) [1]. Corrugated metal panels are widely used as building envelop. In a previous study, laboratory tests have been carried out to investigate the performance of corrugated metal panels subjected to a 4kg wooden projectile by considering various impact locations, impact velocities and boundary conditions. In this study, numerical models were developed to simulate the responses of the corrugated metal panels subjected to wooden debris impacts by using commercial software LS-DYNA. The predicted data from the numerical simulations were compared with the experimental results. The validated numerical model can be used to conduct intensive numerical simulation to study the failure probabilities of corrugated structural panels subjected to windborne debris impacts.

Numerical Study of Basalt Fibre Cloth Strengthened Structural Insulated Panel under Windborne Debris Impact

2016 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Fei Meng ◽  
Hong Hao ◽  
Wen Su Chen
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Basalt Fibre ◽  
Structural Wall ◽  
Windborne Debris ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Debris Impact

Strong winds happen around the world every year and cause enormous damages and losses. Besides large wind pressure, impact from windborne debris on building envelope is a major source of structural damage in strong winds. The debris lifted and carried by wind impacting on building envelop may create openings on building envelope which increase internal pressure of the building, and lead to roof lifting and even total building collapse. Preventing impact damage to structural wall and roof is therefore critical in extreme wind conditions. On the other hand Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) with Oriented Strand Board (OSB) skins is popularly used in the building industry. Previous studies revealed that such SIP panels had weak impact resistant capacity and do not meet the design requirements to resist windborne debris impact specified in Australian Standard (AS/NZS1170.2:2011) for their applications in cyclonic regions. To increase the capacity of such SIP panels against windborne debris impact, basalt fibre cloth was used to strengthen the panel. Laboratory tests found that SIP strengthened with basalt fibre cloth was effective in increasing its impact-resistant capacity. This paper presents the development of a reliable numerical model to predict the impact responses of basalt fibre cloth strengthened SIP panel in LS-DYNA. The accuracy of the numerical model is verified by comparing the numerical and experimental results. The validated numerical model provides a reliable tool to predict basalt fibre cloth strengthened SIPs.

Vulnerability Analyses of Structural Insulated Panels with OSB Skins Strengthened by Basalt Fiber Cloth Subjected to Windborne Debris Impact

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (06) ◽  
pp. 1850088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfei Meng ◽  
Wensu Chen ◽  
Hong Hao
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Basalt Fibre ◽  
Structural Insulated Panels ◽  
Windborne Debris ◽  
Debris Impact

In this study, numerical simulations are conducted with a verified model to develop damage threshold curves for structural insulated panels (SIPs) with OSB skins strengthened by basalt fiber cloth subjected to windborne debris impact. Numerical models of the SIP with OSB skins strengthened by basalt fibre cloth at the front or back side are developed by using LS-DYNA. The accuracy of the numerical model is verified by comparing numerical results with laboratory testing data. Using the verified numerical model, intensive simulations are conducted to examine the influence of various parameters, including thickness of basalt fiber, location of basalt fiber layer, bonding strength between the basalt fiber cloth and the OSB skin, on the dynamic responses of the SIP. The debris penetration or fracture of the strengthened SIP that creates an opening is defined as failure of the panel in this study. Empirical formulae are derived on the basis of the numerical results to predict the thresholds of penetration velocity and projectile mass that lead to failure of the SIP. The empirical formulae can be straightforwardly used to assess the performance of the SIP with OSB skins strengthened by basalt fiber cloth subjected to windborne debris impact.

Postbuckling of composite laminated plates under biaxial compression combined with lateral pressure and resting on elastic foundations

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
H-S Shen
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Pressure ◽  
Plate Theory ◽  
Perturbation Technique ◽  
Laminated Plates ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Biaxial Compression ◽  
Elastic Foundations ◽  
Plate Aspect Ratio ◽  
Limiting Case

A postbuckling analysis is presented for a simply supported, composite laminated rectangular plate subjected to biaxial compression combined with lateral pressure and resting on a two-parameter (Pasternak-type) elastic foundation. The initial geometrical imperfection of the plate is taken into account. The formulations are based on the classical laminated plate theory, including plate-foundation interaction. The analysis uses a perturbation technique to determine the buckling loads and postbuckling equilibrium paths. Numerical examples are presented that relate to the performances of antisymmetric angle-ply and symmetric cross-ply laminated plates subjected to combined loading and resting on Pasternak-type elastic foundations from which results for Winkler elastic foundations are obtained as a limiting case. The influence played by a number of effects, among them foundation stiffness, the plate aspect ratio, the total number of plies, fibre orientation and initial lateral pressure, is studied. Typical results are presented in dimensionless graphical form.

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