Addressing Challenges When Applying GRADE to Public Health Guidelines: A Scoping Review Protocol and Pilot Analysis

This is a protocol for a scoping review that aims to determine how guideline authors using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach have addressed previously identified challenges related to public health. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews will be followed. We will search and screen titles of guidelines for all languages published in 2013–2021 in: the GIN library, BIGG database, Epistemonikos GRADE guidelines repository, GRADEpro Database, MAGICapp, NICE and WHO websites. Two reviewers will independently screen full texts of the documents identified. The following information will be extracted: methods used for identifying different stakeholders and incorporating their perspectives; methods for identification and prioritization of non-health outcomes; methods for determining thresholds for decision-making; methods for incorporating and grading evidence from non-randomized studies; methods for addressing concerns with conditional recommendations in public health; methods for reaching consensus; additional methodological concerns; and any modifications made to GRADE. A combination of directed content analysis and descriptive statistics will be used for data analysis, and the findings presented narratively in a tabular and graphical form. In this protocol, we present the pilot results from 13 identified eligible guidelines issued between January and August 2021. We will publish the full review results when they become available.

Development of automation tools for managing exchange rates based on nonlinear dynamics methods

Within the framework of this work, the tasks of studying the subject area of exchange rate management software, comparative analysis of several software solutions were solved. To implement the server part of the PM KB, the Python programming language was chosen. The Django framework formed the basis of the server part of the PM UKB. To implement the client, tools such as the Jinja template engine for collecting HTML pages, the Bootstrap framework for working with a grid and styles were used, and the JS language was used to create interactivity. The paper also presents a general scheme of the algorithm in a graphical form. Further in the article, the program blocks of authentication, data unloading, switching on and off the exchange, collecting modified data, adding the control data block to the point exchange rate management page, updating data in the database, updating data of specific rates are considered.

Usage of Augmented Reality for Improved Human-Machine Interaction and Real-Time Error Correction of Laboratory Units

For future innovations, complex Industry 4.0-technologies need to improve the interaction of humans and technology. Augmented Reality (AR) has a significant potential for this task by introducing more interactivity into modern technical assistance systems. However, AR systems are usually very expensive and thus unsuitable for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Furthermore, the machine's reliable data transfer to the AR applications and the user activity indication appear to be problematic. This work proposes a solution to these problems. A simple and scalable data transfer from industrial systems to Android applications has been developed.The suggested prototype demonstrates an AR application for troubleshooting and error correction in real-time, even on mobile or wearable devices, while working in a laboratory unit to simulate and solve various errors. The unit components (small garage doors) are equipped with sensors. The information about the state of the system is available in real-time at any given moment and is transmitted to a mobile or wearable device (tablet or smart glass) equipped with AR application. The operator is enabled to preview the required information in a graphical form (marks and cursors). Potential errors are shown and solved with an interactive manual. The system can be used for training purposes to achieve more efficient error correction and faster repairing.

Optimization of two support spindle shaft on nonlinear elastic supports by rigidity characteristics

One of the main structural elements of metalworking machines is the spindle assembly (spindle), which is used to hold cutting tools or workpieces. The rigidity of the spindle assembly plays a decisive role in ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the machine as a whole. The assessment of the spindle shaft stiffness is carried out on the basis of the analysis of the static bending of the spindle shaft, which made it possible to formulate and solve the problems of optimizing the spindle shaft according to the stiffness characteristics for two supporting structures on nonlinear elastic supports. To determine the stiffness of roller bearings, the work uses the dependence obtained on the basis of solving the problem of contact interaction of an elastic steel cylinder with curvilinear elastic steel half-spaces. For the considered design scheme, the optimization goals were chosen for the conditions of the smallest displacement of the end section of the spindle shaft console, the achievement of the minimum angle of rotation in this section or the minimum of their normalized superposition, which ensures maximum rigidity in the processing zone. Consideration has also been given to minimizing the swing angle at the front support to maximize bearing life. Mathematically, the problem is presented in the form of minimizing one of the 4 proposed objective functions by changing the variable parameters - the length of the cantilever and the value of the inter-support distance, represented as dimensionless quantities - the cantilever coefficient and the inter-support distance coefficient. Minimum and maximum values ​​of the cantilever length and shaft span were considered as constraints on the variable parameters. Varying the console coefficients and the inter-support distance was carried out by the method of sequential enumeration within the specified constraints, the solution of optimization problems is presented in a graphical form. The solution to the problem of shaft bending was carried out on the basis of the equation of the bent axis of the beam in the framework of the Euler - Bernoulli hypotheses and presented in an analytical form together with analytical dependencies for calculating the radial stiffness of a roller bearing as a function of the supporting force acting on it. The algorithm for solving optimization problems is implemented in the MatLAB package. Optimal solutions have shown that the minimum of the combined functions, consisting of the sum of the relative deflection values ​​at the end of the console and the angles of rotation at the end of the console and on the front support, is achieved at the same variable parameters as the minima of the angles of rotation at the end of the console and on the front support. The proposed approach to the design of the shafts of spindle units of metal-cutting machines, which are optimal in terms of rigidity characteristics, forms a tool for a reasonable choice of bearings and design parameters of spindle shafts.

The use of the X-Plane flight simulator and SimInTech environment in the educational process during the practical lesson "Flight data processing"

During training sessions at an aviation university, it is advisable to demonstrate samples of aviation equipment, individual elements of systems and assemblies, or use specialized stands and posters. However, when conducting classes remotely, not all of these materials can be used, since it is not always possible to show them in dynamics and thus ensure the formation of a clear idea of students about the object being studied. The article considers an example of using a flight simulator in the educational process as a means of visualizing aviation equipment during a practical lesson "Flight data processing". Visual perception of the materials of objective control does not give a complete understanding of the dynamics of the aircraft flight, its attitude while executing pilotage and aerobatics elements, therefore, it is necessary to demonstrate the performance of flight elements with the simultaneous display of flight parameters in a graphical form. For this purpose, the X-Plane flight simulator is used, for interaction with which a project has been developed in the SimInTech environment that implements data exchange for flight control of an aircraft model and registration of parametric information for its further analysis. Schemes for simulating the operation of on-board recording devices are described. The ways of solving the tasks are described. The possibility of using the developed projects for remote training of aviation specialists, as well as the implementation of the results obtained in the educational process of aviation universities, is indicated.

Determination of the aerodynamic characteristics of the tiltrotor with the wingtip-mounted coaxial rotors

The article describes the study of rotor-to-wing aerodynamic interaction for the wingtip-mounted coaxial rotors configuration of the tiltrotor aircraft. The influence of the rotor slipstreams on lift-to-drag ratio characteristic was determined. Obtained results were compared with similar characteristics of the equivalent in thrust conventional single rotor slipstreams impact. Using the computational aerodynamics methods (panel-vortex method) the flow around the tiltrotor model with the wingtip-mounted single and coaxial rotors has been simulated. A study of the basic model configuration with conventional single rotors, based on the technical characteristics of the AgustaWestland AW609 tiltrotor, was conducted. Further researches were conducted for a modified model where single rotors were replaced with equivalent in thrust coaxial rotors. The influence of the rotor slipstreams on the aerodynamic characteristics of the model for both directions of rotors rotation in coaxial combination is considered. Also, the dependence of the maximum lift-to-drag characteristic due to the coaxial rotor diameters change has been determined. The results show that the coaxial rotor slipstreams-to-wing aerodynamic interaction effect is the similar to the effect of conventional single rotor, but less intensive. Comparison of the results showed that a tiltrotor equipped with wingtip-mounted single rotors has approximately 20% greater maximum lift-to-drag characteristic than one equipped with coaxial rotors with the same thrust. However, the use of coaxial rotors allows getting higher maximum speed, when conventional single rotors lose the efficiency significantly. Therefore, it is advisable to conduct further research for the possibility of using coaxial rotors for tiltrotor aircrafts. The research results are presented in graphical form. The obtained data provides a basis for further studies of the described problem, and also will be useful for new tiltrotor design works.

Features of braking of multi-axle vehicles depending on the layout of their axles

Problem. For an hour, in the scientific-methodical recommendations of the ship-experts, it is installed in the scientific-technical literature of the day-to-day parameters of galvanizing of vantage, bug-capable transport equipment, so that it is inaccurate to introduce autotransport equipment for the eastern part to inaccurate zasob_v unique road transport suit. Goal. The value of the function of galvanizing large transport bridges on the basis of the coordinates of the position to the center of the heavy transport, realizable values, which are realized between the tires and the supporting surface, as well as the support for the rear axle of the transport bridges. Methodology. The approaches adopted in the work to solve this goal are based on the theoretical foundations of braking multi-axle vehicles, the scientific provisions of elastic deformations of pneumatic tires of automobile wheels, geometric and weight parameters of a wheeled vehicle. Results. The equations that allow to calculate the value of the braking coefficient of multi-axle vehicles based on the coordinates of the position of the center of gravity, the realized couplings between the tires and the bearing surface, as well as the load distribution between the respective front and rear axles of the vehicle. Rivnyannya is assigned, which allow the positioning of the coordinates to the center of the car of a multi-axle wheeled transport vehicle for both front and rear axles. The calculation schemes of the position of the coordinates of the center of mass for two-axle, three-axle and four-axle with different axle layout are presented in graphical form, which give a general idea of the mass distribution between the front and rear axles of the vehicle. Originality. Presented in a graphical view of the layout of the positioning of the coordinates to the center of the car for a two-axle, three-axle and one axle with a small layout of the bridges, which give a far-reaching display of the space between the front and rear axles of the transport vehicle. Practical value. The results can be recommended by the experts-auto technicians in the development of technical capabilities for the drivers of vantage transport means, uniqueness of the road-transport usability.

The Integral Mittag-Leffler, Whittaker and Wright Functions

Integral Mittag-Leffler, Whittaker and Wright functions with integrands similar to those which already exist in mathematical literature are introduced for the first time. For particular values of parameters, they can be presented in closed-form. In most reported cases, these new integral functions are expressed as generalized hypergeometric functions but also in terms of elementary and special functions. The behavior of some of the new integral functions is presented in graphical form. By using the MATHEMATICA program to obtain infinite sums that define the Mittag-Leffler, Whittaker, and Wright functions and also their corresponding integral functions, these functions and many new Laplace transforms of them are also reported in the Appendices for integral and fractional values of parameters.

Numerical Study of (Au-Cu)/Water and (Au-Cu)/Ethylene Glycol Hybrid Nanofluids Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching Porous Plate

The purpose of the study is to investigate the (Au-Cu)/Water and (Au-Cu)/Ethylene glycol hybrid nanofluids flow and heat transfer through a linear stretching porous plate with the effects of thermal radiation, ohmic heating, and viscous dissipation. Similarity transformations technique is used to transform a governing system of partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. The NDSolve Mathematica program is used to solve the nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Furthermore, the results are compared with the results of homotopy analysis method. The impacts of relevant physical parameters on velocity, temperature, and the Nusselt number are represented in graphical form. The key points indicate that the temperature of (Au-Cu)/water and (Au-Cu)/Ethylene glycol hybrid nanofluids is increased with the effects of Eckert number and magnetic field. The (Au-Cu)/Ethylene glycol hybrid nanofluid also has a greater rate of heat transfer than (Au-Cu)/Water hybrid nanofluid.

Advanced Distortion Analysis of Heat Treated Rings*

The basic approach to interpret distortion as a system property is accepted in science and industry. The determination of significant factors and interactions on distortion in the overall production process of selected components represents a central point to identify relevant distortion mechanisms. In this context, a component specific distortion description is a major step to answer distortion problems. In the field of ball bearing engineering, roundness deviation of raceways is an important characteristic. But this parameter is not useful for distortion engineering because no information concerning ring shape is given. But in literature, roundness deviation can be separated in its respective forms like oval and triangle shape with harmonic analysis. In addition, this analysis can be used to specify an amplitude and a direction in the different shapes to describe distortion. In this article, harmonic analysis is used for advanced distortion analysis of tapered roller bearing. An analysis in graphical form is introduced, which illustrates both the amount and the direction of distortion.