Bridging the Agriculture Credit Gap: A Case Study of the Farmer Entrepreneurship Program of Jollibee Group Foundation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Lynn Capacio ◽  
Emmanuel de Dios ◽  
Rob van Tulder
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Credit Gap

Access to credit presents a distinct problem for smallholding farmers and lenders alike. As a consequence, in the Philippines—as in many other developing economies—a sizable “agriculture credit gap” exists. This paper explores whether it is possible to rethink existing credit arrangements to support inclusive development goals. Our observations are based on a unique in-depth case study of an interlinked financing arrangement in the Farmer Entrepreneurship Program (FEP). This program is managed by the corporate foundation of Asia’s biggest fast-food chain, Jollibee Foods Corporation (JFC). The lenders in this program are FEP partner-cooperatives that interlink credit, crop buying, and other interventions to enable smallholders to sell their products to JFC and other buyers. For inclusive interlinking to materialize, significant social investments are required from program partners. Using a progressive case study method, three subunits within the study explain how financing can be made available. We use these observations to draw out possible generalizations of financing mechanisms that may be used in other commodity chains. We identify partnerships, particularly long-term relationships, as indispensable requisites for institutional voids to be filled and financing to flow into rural areas. We recommend key government interventions, especially since some of the requisites are in the nature of collective or public goods.

scholarly journals THE FUTURE OF UKRAINE’S RURAL SECTOR – FROM EXTRACTIVE USE TO INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 104-121
Author(s):  
Olena BORODINA ◽  
◽  
Ihor PROKOPA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Rural Sector ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Development Goals

Content of the concept of the rural sector as a socio-territorial subsystem of society is revealed. The key features of the subsystem are habitation of people in rural areas and their relationship with production and processing of agricultural products. It is proved that opportunities of rural residents and persons engaged in agriculture are limited in comparison with other citizens in terms of meeting their vital needs. Evolution of the term “inclusive development” in the context of its relationship to “inclusive growth” and “inclusive welfare” is considered. From the standpoint of inclusiveness, the socioeconomic situation in Ukraine’s agriculture in the Soviet period, in the years of active market transformations and at the present stage is characterized. It is shown that the extractive development of agriculture and rural areas gained an advantage at all stages, despite the declaration by political forces of the intentions to protect the interests of rural residents and producers of agricultural products, as well as the recommendations of scientists on realization of these interests. The extractive development was accompanied by resource-exhausting nature of management and restriction of real access of peasants to productive resources and distribution of benefits from their use. The necessity of transition to inclusive development in domestic rural sector is substantiated and conditions for this transition are revealed. Important factors in this should be: (i) Ukraine’s implementation of measures to ensure the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals proclaimed at the UN summit in 2015, and (ii) support and implementation of the ideas of the Declaration of the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas, draft of which is being discussed at the United Nations Human Rights Council.

E-Governance and Social Inclusion

2014 ◽  
pp. 256-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco A. Magno
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Access Information

This chapter presents a case study of community e-Centers in the Philippines. Developed as part of the pilot multi-purpose community centres program in the late 1990s and expanded as part of Philippine Development Plans, the centres were envisaged as local entry points for residents to access information and services, especially in rural areas of the country. The case study touches on the problems when content lags behind the provision of hard infrastructure, a problem associated with many e-government projects, especially in less-developed countries.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Household Food Waste Generation in Hanoi and Policy Implications towards SDGs Target 12.3

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6565
Author(s):  
Chen Liu ◽  
Trung Thang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Waste Generation Rate

The issue of food waste, especially in developing economies, is a puzzle. Hanoi was selected as a case study to examine the current situation of food waste generated by consumers through daily habits/practices and to evaluate options for preventing and reducing food waste at the policy level through a literature/policy review and interview-style survey. An analysis of responses found that the self-reported food waste generation rate in Hanoi averaged 1192 g/day/household in urban areas and 1694 g/day/household in rural areas; cooking waste generated during meal processing/preparation accounts for more than 70% of the total; less than 20% of respondents separated out kitchen waste for reuse/recycling before disposal; expiration dates and deteriorating quality were cited as primary reasons for food waste at home in contrast with larger portions and over-ordering outside the home; leftover food is used indirectly as animal feed in urban areas and directly in rural areas; and most respondents indicate a willingness to reduce, reuse, and recycle food waste. To achieve SDG target 12.3, policymakers and practitioners must develop comprehensive food waste policies and actions targeting the entire supply chain, implement practical food waste management systems, and promote sufficiency strategies for saving food, reducing food waste, and maintaining health and well-being.

scholarly journals Production of Fresh Water by a Solar Still: An Experimental Case Study in Australia

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3373
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Nomor ◽  
Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Mohammad A. Alim ◽  
Ataur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sky Temperature

There is a scarcity of fresh water in many rural communities where solar stills can be used to produce drinking water at a minimal cost. These stills use solar energy, which is a sustainable form of energy, and hence this can contribute towards achievement of United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). This study aims to develop empirical models of a solar stills based on experimental data obtained at Werrington South, New South Wales, Australia. Two solar stills were used in the experiment, a conventional design (Con-Still) and a con-still modified with adding extra thermal mass inside the still (mod-still). Regression analysis was adopted to develop prediction equations using Pi (productivity in L/m2/day) as the response variable and ambient temperature (Ta), sky temperature (Ts19), global radiation (Gh), and wind velocity (W) as the predictor variables. The mean and median productivity values of the mod-still were found to be 17%, and 22% higher than that those for the con-still. The proposed mod-still can be further improved and used in rural areas to produce fresh water from sea water and other forms of contaminated water.

scholarly journals Tax Incentives in Developing Countries: A Case Study—Singapore and Philippines

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-147
Author(s):  
Irma Mosquera Valderrama ◽  
Mirka Balharová
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals

AbstractThe aim of this chapter is twofold. The first aim is to analyse the main features of the tax incentives in developing countries with a case study of two countries, Singapore and the Philippines. Singapore has been regarded in literature as one of the countries that has successfully attracted foreign direct investment; however, it is not yet clear whether this is the result of tax incentives or any other measure. The Philippines is at the time of writing in the process of introducing a comprehensive tax reform program (CTRP) that aims to redesign the tax incentives to become more competitive in the region and to achieve social and economic growth. These countries also belong to the same region (i.e. South East Asia), and therefore, the comparison of the incentives in these countries can also contribute to best practices in the region. Following this comparison, the second aim of this chapter is to evaluate the tax incentives granted in Singapore and the Philippines taking into account a new proposed evaluative framework for tax incentives in light of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

scholarly journals Water Supply Challenges in Rural Areas: A Case Study from Central Kazakhstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alua Omarova ◽  
Kamshat Tussupova ◽  
Peder Hjorth ◽  
Marat Kalishev ◽  
Raushan Dosmagambetova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Tap Water Quality

Rural water supplies have traditionally been overshadowed by urban ones. That must now change, as the Sustainable Development Goals calls for water for all. The objective of the paper is to assess the current access to and the perceived water quality in villages with various types of water supply. The survey was carried out during July–December 2017 in four villages in central Kazakhstan. Overall, 1369 randomly selected households were interviewed. The results revealed that even though villagers were provided with tap water, significant numbers used alternative sources. There were three reasons for this situation: residents’ doubts regarding the tap water quality; use of other sources out of habit; and availability of cheaper or free sources. Another problem concerned the volume of water consumption, which dropped sharply with decreased quality or inconvenience of sources used by households. Moreover, people gave a poor estimate to the quality and reliability of water from wells, open sources and tankered water. The paper suggests that as well decentralization of water management as monitoring of both water supply and water use are essential measures. There must be a tailor-made approach to each village for achieving the Sustainable Development Goal of providing rural Kazakhstan with safe water.

scholarly journals Perceptions and Attitudes Toward Eco-Toilet Systems in Rural Areas: A Case Study in the Philippines

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Ignacio ◽  
Roy Alvin Malenab ◽  
Carla Pausta ◽  
Arnel Beltran ◽  
Lawrence Belo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes

scholarly journals Rural Housing Vacancy in Metropolitan Suburbs and Its Influencing Factors: A Case Study of Nanjing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3783
Author(s):  
Liyuan Zhao ◽  
Xingping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Rural Housing ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Housing Vacancy

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, rural housing vacancy (RHV) has become an increasingly universal phenomenon in China, causing many economic and social problems. Despite many studies on RHV, relatively little attention has been paid to distinguishing the types of vacant rural houses as well as RHV in metropolitan suburbs. Drawing upon survey data from 23 sampled villages of the Nanjing metropolitan area in China, this paper differentiates RHV into permanent vacancy and temporary vacancy and analyzes the influences of location, government interventions, and the villages’ characteristics on the two types of RHV. The empirical results show that villages located in inner suburbs and with medium travel time to city centers have higher permanent RHV rates, while those located further away from city centers usually have higher temporary RHV rates. The local government’s restrictive plans and housing construction restrictions do not increase the permanent RHV rate nor temporary RHV rate, whereas supportive plans and financial investment reduce the permanent RHV rate and increase the temporary RHV rate. Permanent RHV rates are relatively lower in villages that are less reliant on agricultural development. Those villages usually have higher sublet rates of farmland, a lower proportion of agriculture laborers, and better development of manufacturing or tourism. However, temporary RHV rates do not differ significantly between agricultural villages and non-agricultural villages. The paper finds an unusual “middle bump” phenomenon of permanent RHV rate and explains it with the law of commuting circles. Some policy implications are put forward to promote the transformation and sustainable development of rural areas in China’s metropolitan suburbs.

scholarly journals Preparing Sustainable Engineers: A Project-Based Learning Experience in Logistics with Refugee Camps

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4817 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-José Terrón-López ◽  
Paloma J. Velasco-Quintana ◽  
Silvia Lavado-Anguera ◽  
María del Carmen Espinosa-Elvira
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Supply Chain Logistics ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Personal Behavior

This article describes an intrinsic case study of project-based learning (PBL) experience involving an NGO as an external client to promote sustainability competencies. Two research questions are posed: (1) How did this experiential PBL approach impact students learning to develop sustainability competencies by incorporating a responsible engineering perspective? (2) How did college students become engaged with social and sustainable PBL projects when external clients of developing economies were involved? The project-based design involved two subjects in the second year of an Industrial engineering degree. The client was an NGO with an existing project to improve the supply chain logistics of three refugee camps managed by women. Students had to cooperatively develop a sustainable proposal for the NGO with a global mindset. Findings obtained from the analysis of the reflections of students and teachers indicate that this methodology helps students to acquire comprehensively learning outcomes and to develop sustainability competencies. Sustainable and socially responsible engineering were achieved through a methodology that considers the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and engages students in real projects. This approach promotes student awareness on the importance of their actions and their personal behavior as engineers, including a gender perspective, while training them to move towards SDG4 and 5.

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