scholarly journals Akrylonitryl. Metoda oznaczania w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy Anna Jeżewska, Agnieszka Woźnica

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Anna Jeżewska
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Colorless Liquid ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Workplace Air ◽  
Unpleasant Odor

Acrylonitrile (AN) is highly flammable, colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Acrylonitrile is used in industry to produce polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and its copolymers. Acrylonitrile can cause cancer. The aim of this study was to develop a method for determining acrylonitrile in workplace air which will allow determination of its concentrations at the level of 0.1 mg/m3 . The method was based on adsorption of acrylonitrile vapors on activated carbon, desorption with acetone solution in carbon disulfide and chromatographic analysis of the obtained solution. The study was performed using a gas chromatograph (GC) with a flame ionization detector (FID) equipped with a DB-VRX capillary column (60 m × 0.25 mm, 1.4 µm). The method was validated in accordance with the requirements of Standard No. EN 482. The method allows the determination of acrylonitrile in workplace air at the concentration range from 0.1 to 2 mg/m3. The method for determining acrylonitrile has been recorded in the form of an analytical procedure (see Appendix). This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

scholarly journals Bicyklo[4.4.0]dekan. Metoda oznaczania w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Anna Jeżewska
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Colorless Liquid ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Workplace Air ◽  
Eye Damage

Bicyclo[4.4.0]decane (BCD), also known as decalin, is a colorless liquid with the scent of camphor, menthol and naphthalene. This substance can be fatal if swallowed or entered a respiratory tract. It can cause severe skin burns and eye damage, and is toxic if inhaled. The aim of this study was to develop a method for determining BCD in workplace air, which will allow the determination of its concentrations at the level of 5 mg/m3 . The method was based on adsorption of BCD vapors on activated carbon, desorption with acetone solution in carbon disulfide and chromatographic analysis of the obtained solution. The study was performed with a gas chromatograph (GC) with a flame ionization detector (FID) equipped with a DB-VRX capillary column (60 m × 0.25 mm, 1.4 µm). The method was validated in accordance with the requirements of Standard No. EN 482. The method allows the determination BCD in workplace air in the concentration range 5–200 mg/m3 . The method for determining BCD has been recorded in the form of an analytical procedure (see Appendix). This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

Hexachlorobenzene. Determination in workplace air

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1(99)) ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
Joanna Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Electron Capture Detection ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Workplace Air ◽  
Air Sample

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for determining of inhalable fraction of hexachlorobenzene in workplace air. The determination method is based on the adsorption of hexachlorobenzene on a polypropylene filter, extraction with hexane and an analysis of the resulting solution with gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD). A capillary column with HP-5 (30 m × 0.32 mm, i.d. × 0.25 μm film thickness) was used. The method is linear within the working range from 0.018 μg/ml to 0.375 μg/ml, which is equivalent to air concentrations from 0.0003 to 0.006 mg/m3 for a 120-L air sample. The analytical method described in this paper enables selective determination of analytes in workplace air in the presence of coexisting substances. The method is precise, accurate and it meets the criteria for procedures for measuring chemical agents listed in Standard No. EN 482. This method can be used for assessing occupational exposure to hexachlorobenzene and the associated risk to workers’ health. The developed method of determining hexachlorobenzene has been recorded as an analytical procedure (see appendix). This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

2-Nitroanisole. Determining in workplace air with gas chromatography

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1(103)) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
Anna Jeżewska ◽  
Agnieszka Woźnica
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Total Uncertainty ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Maximum Admissible Concentration ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Workplace Air

2-Nitroanisole is a colourless or slightly yellowish liquid. This substance is mainly used in the production of o-anisidine (2-methoxyaniline), which is directly or indirectly used for the production of more than 100 azo dyes. 2-Nitroanisole may cause cancer to humans. The aim of this study was to develop a method for determining concentrations of 2-nitroanisole in workplace air in the range from 1/10 to 2 of maximum admissible concentration (MAC) values. The developed method is based on the adsorption of 2-nitroanisole on a silica gel, extraction with methanol and chromatographic analysis of the resulting solution. The tests were performed using a liquid chromatograph (HPLC) 1200 series of Agilent Technologies with a diode array detector (DAD). Determinations were performed using an Ultra C18 column (25 cm × 4.6 mm, dp = 5 µm). The procedure was validated according to Standard No. EN 482. The method can be used to determine 2-nitroanisole in workplace air in the concentration range from 0.16 to 3.2 mg/m3, i.e., from 1/10 to 2 MAC values. In that range, the obtained calibration curve was linear, as evidenced by the regression coefficient of 1. The overall accuracy of the method was about 5.3% and its relative total uncertainty was 23%. This method enables selective determination of 2-nitroanisole in workplace air in the presence of other compounds, such as methanol, o-anisidine, 3-nitroanisole, 4-nitroanisole and 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene. The method for determining 2-nitroanisole has been recorded in the form of an analytical procedure (see Appendix). This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

1,3-Butadiene. Determination in workplace air

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1(95)) ◽  
pp. 73-85
Author(s):  
Joanna Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Column ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Flame Ionization Detection ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Workplace Air ◽  
Air Sample

1,3-Butadiene is a colorless gas with a mild, aromatic odor. It is produced worldwide on a large industrial scale. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for determining concentrations of 1,3-butadiene in workplace air. The determination method is based on the adsorption of 1,3-butadiene on activated charcoal (200/50 mg sections), desorption with carbon disulfide and the analysis of the resulting solution with gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). A capillary column Rtx-5ms (60 m × 0.32 mm, i.d. × 0.25 μm film thickness) was used. The method is linear within the working range from 0.98 µg/ml to 19.6 µg/ml, which is equivalent to air concentrations from 0.22 to 4.36 mg/m3 for a 4.5-L air sample. The analytical method described in this paper enables selective determination of analytes in workplace air in presence of coexisting substances. The method is precise, accurate and it meets the criteria for procedures for measuring chemical agents listed in Standard No. EN 482. The method can be used for assessing occupational exposure to 1,3-butadiene and associated risk to workers’ health. The developed method of determining 1,3-butadiene has been recorded as an analytical procedure (see appendix).

Dinitrotoluene. Determination in workplace air

2021 ◽  
Vol XXXVII (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Anna Jeżewska ◽  
Dorota Kondej
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Crystalline Solid ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Diode Array Detector ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Workplace Air

Dinitrotoluene (DNT) is a yellow, crystalline solid with a characteristic odor. It may consist of 6 isomers, but only two (2,4-DNT and 2,6-DNT) are of industrial importance. DNT can cause cancer. The aim of this study was to develop a method for the determination mixture of DNT isomers in workplace air, which will allow to determine its concentration at the level of 0.033 mg/m3. The method consists in stopping the mixture of dinitrotoluene isomers contained in the air on the glass fiber and the silica gel, extraction with methanol and chromatographic analysis of the obtained solution. The tests were carried out using a liquid chromatograph (HPLC) 1200 series from Agilent Technologies with a diode array detector (DAD). The method was validated in accordance with the requirements of the European Standard No. EN 482. The method allows the determination mixture of DNT isomers in the working environment air in the concentration range: 0.033 ÷ 0.66 mg/m3. The described method enables determination mixture of DNT isomers in the workplace air in the presence of: toluene-2,4-diamine, toluene-2,6-diamine, toluene-2,4-diyl diisocyanate, toluene-2,6-diyl diisocyanate and toluene. The method for determining dinitrotoluene has been recorded in the form of an analytical procedure (see Appendix). This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

scholarly journals Determination of N-Nitrosodimethylamine in the Smoke of High-Nitrate Tobacco Cigarettes

1973 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.P. Morie ◽  
C.H. Sloan
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Column ◽  
Glass Capillary Column ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Basic Solutions ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method

AbstractA gas chromatographic method was developed for the determination of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in cigarette smoke. The NDMA in the smoke of 200 cigarettes was trapped in a solution of sodium hydroxide and separated from most of the smoke components by distillation from acidic and basic solutions. The aqueous solution was extracted for 8 hr. into ethyl ether in a Dean Stark apparatus. To concentrate the solution of NDMA, the ether was distilled until only 5 ml of the solution remained. An aliquot of this solution was analysed by means of a gas chromatograph equipped with a 200-ft. glass capillary column coated with Carbowax 20-M poly(ethylene glycoI). An alkali metal flame ionization detector with a selectivity of 10*/1 for nitrogen compounds to normal hydrocarbons was used. Small amounts (2 ng) of nitrosamines in the presence of large amounts of other compounds were easily detected. N-nitrosodimethylamine-C

Determination of volatile alcohols and acetone in serum by non-polar capillary gas chromatography after direct sample injection.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1672-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
N B Smith
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Capillary Gas Chromatography ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Split Ratio

Abstract In this method for detection and quantification of volatile alcohols by capillary gas chromatography, the serum sample is deproteinized, then directly injected into the gas chromatograph with 1-propanol as the internal standard. The capillary column is a 30-m bonded methylsilicone-coated, fused-silica column. With helium as the carrier gas, the injector inlet is set at a split ratio of 1/30 and the average linear velocity in the column is 25 cm/s. Injector and flame-ionization detector temperatures are 280 degrees C, oven temperature 35 degrees C. Chromatography time is less than 3 min.

scholarly journals Arsen i jego związki nieorganiczne. Metoda oznaczania w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Surgiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Workplace Air ◽  
Hygienic Standard ◽  
Individual Dosimetry ◽  
Air Sample

Arsenic is a chemical element classified as metalloids (semi-metals). Some arsenic compounds have been classified (according to CLP) as carcinogens, causing cancers of skin, respiratory system, liver and leukemia. In the industry, workers are exposed to arsenic and its compounds in its extraction, in metallurgy of non-ferrous metal ores, in metal refining processes, in the production of alloys, semiconductors, pigments and insecticides. In Poland, binding value of the hygienic standard (NDS) at workplace air, for the inhalable fraction of arsenic aerosol and its inorganic compounds, converted into As is 0.01 mg/m3 . A determination method has been developed that enables the determination of this substance in the air of 0.1 − 2 values of the hygiene standard, in accordance with the requirements of Standard PN-EN 482. Arsenic is determined with the atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization (ET-AAS), in the concentration range of 5.00 − 100.0 μg/l which allows the determination of arsenic and its compounds in workplace air in the range of 0.0010 − 0.021 mg/m3 (for 480-L air sample). The presented procedure enables the determination of this substance with the use of individual dosimetry. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

n-Butyl acetate and its isomers – isobutyl acetate and sec-butyl acetate Determination in workplace air

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1(91)) ◽  
pp. 151-165
Author(s):  
Joanna Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Acetate ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Isobutyl Acetate ◽  
Workplace Air ◽  
Air Sample

n-Butyl acetate and its isomers, isobutyl acetate and sec-butyl acetate, are colorless, flammable liquids with a fruity odour. Because of their physicochemical properties they are commonly used as organic solvents and compounds of solvent mixtures in various industries. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for determining concentrations of n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and sec-butyl acetate in workplace air. The determination method is based on the adsorption of n-butyl acetate and its isomers on activated charcoal (100/50 mg sections), desorption with carbon disulfide and the analysis of the resulting solution with gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). A capillary column with HP-FFAP (50 m × 0.32 mm, i.d. × 0.50 μm film thickness) was used. The method is linear within the working range from 0.24 mg/ml to 4.8 mg/ml, which is equivalent to air concentrations from 24 to 480 mg/m3 for a 10-L air sample. The analytical method described in this paper enables selective determination of analytes in workplace air in presence of coexisting substances. The method is precise, accurate and it meets the criteria for procedures for measuring chemical agents listed in Standard No. EN 482. The method can be used for assessing occupational exposure to n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and sec-butyl acetate and associated risk to workers’ health. The developed method of determining n-butyl acetate and its isomers (isobutyl acetate, sec-butyl acetate) has been recorded as an analytical procedure (see appendix).

scholarly journals Trietyloamina. Metoda oznaczania w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy z zastosowaniem chromatografii gazowej z detekcją płomieniowo-jonizacyjną

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-187
Author(s):  
Sławomir Brzeźnicki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Ammonium Compound ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Vision Disorder ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Workplace Air ◽  
Other Substances

Triethylamine (TEA) is a tertiary aliphatic amine. At room temperature it is a colourless liquid with a strong ammonia odor. TEA is used as a substrat in production of quaternary ammonium compound, as a catalyst in polymerization process, as a solvent in organic synthesis and as an emulsifier in the production of dyes and pesticides. Occupational exposure to TEA can cause many adverse effects like skin, respiratory tract or eye irritation. TEA may cause also vision disorder like blurred vision or red-blue vision. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for determining TEA in workplace air. The developed method is based on the collection of TEA on sorbent tube filed with two sections of silica gel coated with hydrochloric acid. Silica gel is extracted with methanol:water mixture and resulted solution is analysed with capillary gas chromatography with flame-ionization detector. The study was performed using gas chromatograph equipped with DB-5ms column. The developed method is linear in the concentration range of 7.5–150 μg/ml, which is equivalent to the range of 0.03–6 mg/m3 for 100-L air sample. The analytical method described in this paper makes it possible to determine TEA in workplace air in the presence of other substances. The method is precise, accurate and it meets the criteria for procedures for determining chemical agents listed in Standard No. PN-EN 482. The developed method for determining TEA in workplace air has been recorded as an analytical procedure (see Appendix). This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

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