scholarly journals Sources of phenotypic variation of wood density and relationships with mean growth in two Eucalyptus species in Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. e013-e013
Author(s):  
Pamela Alarcón ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Radial Profile ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Radial Variation ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Family Effects ◽  
Eucalyptus Viminalis

Aims of the study: To describe the radial patterns of wood density, and to identify their main sources of variation, and the potential tradeoffs with mean tree growth, in two Eucalyptus species. Area of study: Mesopotamian (Corrientes and Entre Ríos provinces) and Pampean region (Buenos Aires province) of Argentina. Materials and methods: Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus viminalis, growing in genetic trials installed in two sites per species were studied. X-ray wood microdensity profiles were developed from core samples. Each profile was proportionally divided in 10 sections. Mean, maximum, minimum and the standard deviation of wood density, for each section were computed. Mean annual growth was used to study the relationships with wood microdensity variables. A linear mixed-effects model computed the significance of different sources of phenotypic variation. Pearson´s correlation computed the relationships between variables. Main results: The pattern of radial variation in E. grandis showed a decrease in wood density from pith to bark, mainly due to the decrease in minimum wood density, while in E. viminalis, wood density increased towards the outer wood. In both species, the standard deviation of the wood density increased along the radial profile from pith to bark. Significant variation in wood density was explained by site, provenance and clone/family effects. In E. grandis mean, maximum and minimum wood density were negatively correlated with mean growth, whereas in E. viminalis correlations were positive but close to zero. Research highlights: Both the pattern of radial variation of wood density and the relationship between wood density and mean growth were different in the studied Eucalyptus species, and they varied within species depending on the site they were growing and genetic provenance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the use potential of nine species of genus Eucalyptus for production of veneers and plywood panels

CERNE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuo Iwakiri ◽  
Jorge Luis Monteiro de Matos ◽  
José Guilherme Prata ◽  
Rosilani Trianoski ◽  
Leandro Soares da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Saligna ◽  
Double Line ◽  
Eucalyptus Viminalis ◽  
Eucalyptus Pellita ◽  
Eucalyptus Dunnii

The objective of thisstudywas to evaluate the use potential of nine species of Eucalyptus for production of veneer sheets and multilaminated plywood panels. Veneers were cut using a pilot laminating lathe to a nominal thickness of 2.0 mm. Analysis included finding values of overall yield and yield according to three quality classes for the nine relevant species. Plywood panels were manufactured in a laboratory, consisting of five 2.0 mm veneer sheets which were bonded together with phenol-formaldehyde resin at a weight of 360 g/m² (double line). The panels were compressed using a specific pressure of 10 kgf/cm², a temperature of 140ºC and a pressing time of 10 minutes. Results indicated that, with the exception of E. phaeotricha and E. pellita, all other Eucalyptus species had above 50% average veneer yield after lamination. Results of glue line shear testing and static bending parallel and perpendicular demonstrated that species Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus saligna, Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus viminalis, Eucalyptus robusta and Eucalyptus pellita have great potential within the parameters of this study for use in the production of veneer sheets and plywood panels intended for outdoor use.

Behavior of xylans from the Eucalyptus species. Part 2. Characterization of 4-O-methylglucuronoxylans isolated from black liquors of kraft pulping of Eucalyptus grandis and E. urophylla

Holzforschung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Andréia S. Magaton ◽  
Teresa Cristina F. Silva ◽  
Jorge Luiz Colodette ◽  
Dorila Piló-Veloso ◽  
Flaviana Reis Milagres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Black Liquors

Abstract 4-O-methylglucuronoxylans isolated from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla kraft black liquors (KBLs) were chemically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Doses of alkali charge, expressed as active alkali (AA), were 16, 17, and 18% while the sulfidity was kept at 25%. Kappa numbers of 19.1, 17.5, and 16.1 for E. grandis and 20.4, 16.8, and 15.4 for E. urophylla were obtained. At higher alkali charges, the recovery of xylans from the KBLs was lower and the degree of substitution of xylans with uronic acids decreased. The average molecular weight (Mw) of the recovered xylans was greater under conditions of mild pulping, i.e., in the case of pulps with higher kappa numbers. Mw of xylans ranged from 16.1 to 19.1 kDa for E. grandis and from 15.4 to 20.4 kDa for E. urophylla. The xylans from KBL may be useful as pulp modifying agents or as a raw material for advanced applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Levels of I.B.A Concentration on Clonal Propagation of Eucalyptus Species in Ghana West Africa.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Yaw Sarpong ◽  
Frank Ofori Agyemang ◽  
Daniel E.K.A Siaw ◽  
Essakku Menason
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
P Value ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Four Levels

Abstract BackgroundIncreasing global wood demands have necessitated an overall push for cost-effective methods of vegetative propagation using cuttings. Vegetative plant propagation through cuttings although a breakthrough is mostly hampered with the inability of cuttings to root effectively to achieve maximum yield. Ten clones each of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla (E. grandis x E. urophylla) and Eucalyptus pellita (E. pellita) were treated with Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations of 0 ppm (control), 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm and 4000 ppm respectively.ResultsOverall mean survival of cuttings was low (< 50%) for all concentrations of IBA used in this research. Survival rates of individual clones however varied from clone to clone. E. grandis x E. urophylla cuttings had the highest mean survival (43.39%) when treated with 2000 ppm of IBA and lowest mean survival (37.86%) when treated with 0 ppm. Results from the survival rates of E. grandis × E. Urophylla and Eucalyptus pellita cuttings were subjected to an Analysis of Variance test to identify any significant differences between hormone concentration and cutting survival. ANOVA results indicated that differences between cutting–IBA concentrations for E. grandis × E. Urophylla were significant (p=1.85x10-08) which is lower than standard p value (p=0.05) used in the test.For E. pellita (P) cuttings the highest mean survival (27.14%) was achieved when treated with 2000 ppm of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Individual clones however showed significant differences in survival. E. pellita clone P2 achieved the highest survival (52.68%) in the control experiment (0 ppm). Some clones i.e P51 and P82 achieved survivals of less than 10% in all four levels of IBAConclusionThe best surviving Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla clone (GH11) achieved a mean survival rate of 75% when the GH11 basal cutting was treated with 2000 ppm IBA. The results indicated that the production of clones with survival rates of less than 20% should be discarded since it makes no economic sense clones with survival rates of more than 40% should be planted out in the field to compare field performance with greenhouse survival.

Effects of leaf and branch removal on carbon assimilation and stem wood density of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings

Trees ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Thomas ◽  
K. D. Montagu ◽  
J. P. Conroy
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Stem Wood

scholarly journals HYPSOMETRY AND VOLUMETRY OF Eucalyptus urograndis IN A CROP-FOREST INTEGRATION SYSTEM

FLORESTA ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Stephany Diolino Cunha ◽  
Vagner Santiago Do Vale ◽  
Tatiana Vieira Ramos ◽  
Matheus Da Silva Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Total System ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Volumetric Models ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Full Height ◽  
Eucalyptus Urograndis

Due to the positive impact that the eucalyptus species has on the Brazilian economy, it is currently the most used forest essence. The objective of this work was to evaluate different hypsometric and volumetric models for Eucalyptus urograndis clones (Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blak and Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden) in a Crop-Forest Integration (CFI) system. The trees were evaluated at 7 years of age and arranged in double rows, occupying 20.76% of the total system area. The individuals were subjected to rigorous volumetric cubing according to the Smalian method at intervals of one meter up to full height. The following models were evaluated for the collected height data: Linear, Trorey, Stofels, Curtis, Henriksen, Prodan, Chapman & Richards, Petterson and Bailey & Clutter. Furthermore, the Spurr, Hohenald-Krenn, Stoate, Schumacher Hall, Meyer, Husch, Ogaya and Takata models were used for volume data. The results were determined through the coefficient of determination (R2), standard error of the estimate in percentage (Syx%), significance of the regression coefficients (𝛽) and graphical distribution. The hypsometric model which best fit the database among tested models was the Prodan equation, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.89, while the best result for volumetric models was found using the Meyer model, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.99. All evaluated models were efficient in estimating the height and volume of the Crop-Forest Integration (CFI) system, thus demonstrating that GG100 eucalyptus is a good option in integrated systems.

scholarly journals Decayed Wood Affecting the Attraction of the Pest Arboretum Termite Nasutitermes corniger (Isoptera: Termitidae) to Resource Foods

Sociobiology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius Gazal ◽  
Omar Bailez ◽  
Ana Maria Viana-Bailez ◽  
Elen De Lima Aguiar Menezes ◽  
Euripedes Barsanulfo Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Decayed Wood ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Nasutitermes Corniger ◽  
Recruitment Behavior ◽  
Preferential Feeding

Nasutitermes corniger shows preferential feeding for the wood of different tree species, but it is not known whether attractiveness is a function of the state of decay. This study examined the foraging behavior of N. corniger towards wood in different stages of decay. Wood was exposed to weather for durations of 0, 3, 6 or 9 months. Then the wood was placed in a standard foraging arena with termites. Exploration and recruitment behavior were recorded for 1 h. Separate bioassays were conducted for three species: Pinus elliottii, Eucalyptus grandis and Manilkara huberi. In the tests with P. elliottii and E. grandis, more individuals were recruited to wood decayed for 6 months  (191 and 185, respectively) than to undecayed wood (12 and 69, respectively). Similarly, more individuals were recruited to decayed M. huberi wood than undecayed, but only after 9 months (249 and 7, respectively). Decayed wood has therefore been demonstrated to be more attractive to N. corniger than undecayed wood. The different decomposition rates necessary to increase attractiveness may be explained by differences in wood density. 

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