scholarly journals Agricultural drought : Assessment & monitoring

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-142
Author(s):  
M. V. R. SESHA SAI ◽  
C. S. MURTHY ◽  
K. CHANDRASEKAR ◽  
A. T. JEYASEELAN ◽  
P. G. DIWAKAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Drought Management ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Rational Decision Making ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Adverse Impacts

Drought is a creeping natural disaster with long lasting effects on ecology as well as economy. Monitoring and assessment of drought is a very critical component of the drought management strategy aimed at mitigation of its adverse impacts. Spatial extent, intensity and duration of drought related information is essentially needed for taking the choicest rational decision making in the field of agriculture. Satellite remote sensing enables deriving indicators that explain the prevalence, severity, persistence and spatial extent of the area affected by drought. New satellite missions coupled with novel information extraction techniques are opening new vistas towards monitoring and assessment of drought. Aspects related to agricultural drought are discussed in this paper.

Soil Moisture Drought in China, 1950–2006

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 3257-3271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aihui Wang ◽  
Dennis P. Lettenmaier ◽  
Justin Sheffield
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Central China ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Physically Based

Abstract Four physically based land surface hydrology models driven by a common observation-based 3-hourly meteorological dataset were used to simulate soil moisture over China for the period 1950–2006. Monthly values of total column soil moisture from the simulations were converted to percentiles and an ensemble method was applied to combine all model simulations into a multimodel ensemble from which agricultural drought severities and durations were estimated. A cluster analysis method and severity–area–duration (SAD) algorithm were applied to the soil moisture data to characterize drought spatial and temporal variability. For drought areas greater than 150 000 km2 and durations longer than 3 months, a total of 76 droughts were identified during the 1950–2006 period. The duration of 50 of these droughts was less than 6 months. The five most prominent droughts, in terms of spatial extent and then duration, were identified. Of these, the drought of 1997–2003 was the most severe, accounting for the majority of the severity–area–duration envelope of events with areas smaller than 5 million km2. The 1997–2003 drought was also pervasive in terms of both severity and spatial extent. It was also found that soil moisture in north central and northeastern China had significant downward trends, whereas most of Xinjiang, the Tibetan Plateau, and small areas of Yunnan province had significant upward trends. Regions with downward trends were larger than those with upward trends (37% versus 26% of the land area), implying that over the period of analysis, the country has become slightly drier in terms of soil moisture. Trends in drought severity, duration, and frequency suggest that soil moisture droughts have become more severe, prolonged, and frequent during the past 57 yr, especially for northeastern and central China, suggesting an increasing susceptibility to agricultural drought.

scholarly journals Agricultural Drought Assessment in East Asia Using Satellite-Based Indices

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hyun Yoon ◽  
Won-Ho Nam ◽  
Hee-Jin Lee ◽  
Eun-Mi Hong ◽  
Song Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Wide Range

Drought is the meteorological phenomenon with the greatest impact on agriculture. Accordingly, drought forecasting is vital in lessening its associated negative impacts. Utilizing remote exploration in the agricultural sector allows for the collection of large amounts of quantitative data across a wide range of areas. In this study, we confirmed the applicability of drought assessment using the evaporative stress index (ESI) in major East Asian countries. The ESI is an indicator of agricultural drought that describes anomalies in actual/reference evapotranspiration (ET) ratios that are retrieved using remotely sensed inputs of land surface temperature (LST) and leaf area index (LAI). The ESI is available through SERVIR Global, a joint venture between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). This study evaluated the performance of ESI in assessing drought events in South Korea. The evaluation of ESI is possible because of the availability of good statistical data. Comparing drought trends identified by ESI data from this study to actual drought conditions showed similar trends. Additionally, ESI reacted to the drought more quickly and with greater sensitivity than other drought indices. Our results confirmed that the ESI is advantageous for short and medium-term drought assessment compared to vegetation indices alone.

How useful are CORDEX products for the assessment of future agricultural drought propensity across the Indian subcontinent?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabal Das ◽  
Kironmala Chanda ◽  
Rajib Maity
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Drought Management ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Failure State ◽  
The Future

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This study aims to evaluate the future evolution of agricultural drought propensity across the Indian subcontinent through Drought Management Index (DMI), a probabilistic measure based on the concept of Reliability-Resilience-Vulnerability (RRV) of soil moisture series at a location/region (Chanda et al., 2014; Chanda and Maity, 2017). In this study, monthly gridded soil moisture products from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) framework are used after suitable bias correction, if needed. In the realm of RRV analysis, the fall of soil moisture below a threshold (e.g., Permanent Wilting Point, PWP) is considered as the ‘failure state’. The joint distribution of resilience (the ability of the soil moisture system to recover from a failure state) and vulnerability (severity of the deficit in soil moisture during a failure state) of soil moisture series is modelled through copulas (Nelsen, 2006; Maity, 2018) to develop the DMI.  The results of this study help to assess the evolution of agricultural drought propensity, in terms of DMI, in the near (2011-2040), intermediate (2041-2070) and far future (2071-2099). The findings from multiple emission pathways, designated as Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), are compared against each other during the future period and also against the historical period. As an outcome of the study, specific regions across the Indian mainland are identified that need immediate attention for managing sustainable agricultural and allied activities in future.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Drought Management Index (DMI), soil moisture, future drought propensity, Reliability-Resilience-Vulnerability (RRV), CORDEX</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>References </strong></p><p>Chanda, K., Maity, R., Sharma, A., and Mehrotra, R. (2014). Spatiotemporal variation of long-term drought propensity through reliability-resilience-vulnerability based Drought Management Index, Water Resources Research, 50(10), 7662-7676.</p><p>Chanda, K., and Maity, R. (2017). Assessment of Trend in Global Drought Propensity in the Twenty-First Century Using Drought Management Index, Water Resources Management, 31(4), 1209-1225.</p><p>Maity, R. (2018). Statistical Methods in Hydrology and Hydroclimatology. Springer.</p><p>Nelsen, R. B. (2007). An introduction to copulas. Springer Science & Business Media.</p>

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