scholarly journals Urinary infection in dogs with chronic kidney disease: aetiology and resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3741
Author(s):  
Ariane Martins Fernandes ◽  
Alessandra Tammy Hayakawa Ito de Sousa ◽  
Luciana Auxiliadora Viebrantz da Conceição ◽  
Felipe Gomes da Silva ◽  
Mayara Aparecida Araújo Cayuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Clinical Routine ◽  
Disease Aetiology ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
And Control

Infections of the genitourinary system are among the most frequent in the clinical routine of small animals. Treatment with the most appropriate antimicrobial therapy, according to the uropathogen susceptibility test, can avoid the spread of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials. A clinical study was performed in 32 canines, of both sexes and differing ages, who attended the Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Urine samples underwent culture, with the objective of evaluating urinary tract infection in dogs with renal disease, identifying the associated bacterial pathogens, and verifying their antimicrobial susceptibility in vitro. Urine culture was positive in 10 dogs, mostly males, with no predisposition for breed, and a mean age of 8.28 years. Most of the urinary tract infections (UTIs) were monobacterial, with the most common microorganisms being Pseudomonas sp. and Staphylococcus sp. The antimicrobials imipenem and meropenem had the best overall sensitivity profile, and ampicillin showed the highest resistance. The variation in epidemiological profiles, and susceptibility to uropathogens, reinforces the importance of the veterinarian in the prevention and control of infection, in addition to the need for further research to identify new antimicrobial agents.

Assessment of Fosfomycin for Complicated or Multidrug-Resistant Urinary Tract Infections: Patient Characteristics and Outcomes

Chemotherapy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie E. Giancola ◽  
Monica V. Mahoney ◽  
Michael D. Hogan ◽  
Brian R. Raux ◽  
Christopher McCoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Microbiological Cure

Background: Bacterial resistance among uropathogens is on the rise and has led to a decreased effectiveness of oral therapies. Fosfomycin tromethamine (fosfomycin) is indicated for uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and displays in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates; however, clinical data assessing fosfomycin for the treatment of complicated or MDR UTIs are limited. Methods: We conducted a retrospective evaluation of patients who received ≥1 dose of fosfomycin between January 2009 and September 2015 for treatment of a UTI. Patients were included if they had a positive urine culture and documented signs/symptoms of a UTI. Results: Fifty-seven patients were included; 44 (77.2%) had complicated UTIs, 36 (63.2%) had MDR UTIs, and a total of 23 (40.4%) patients had a UTI that was both complicated and MDR. The majority of patients were female (66.7%) and elderly (median age, 79 years). Overall, the most common pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (n = 28), Enterococcus spp. (n = 22), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 8). Twenty-eight patients (49.1%) were clinically evaluable; the preponderance achieved clinical success (96.4%). Fifteen out of 20 (75%) patients with repeat urine cultures had a microbiological cure. Conclusions: This retrospective study adds to the limited literature exploring alternative therapies for complicated and MDR UTIs with results providing additional evidence that fosfomycin may be an effective oral option.

Cephazolin Sodium—An In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of 100 Patients with Urinary Tract Infections

1975 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-260
Author(s):  
Diana M. D. Rimmer
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Random Group ◽  
Tract Infections

A random group of 100 patients in a general hospital were treated with cephazolin sodium for proven urinary tract infections. Sixty-six per cent had conditions predisposing to urinary tract infection. Under these somewhat difficult conditions the original infecting organism remained absent from the urine of 75 per cent of the 70 patients followed in the 3rd to 6th week period. This compares very favourably with response to other antimicrobial agents currently used in urinary tract infections.

scholarly journals In vitro Effects of Antimicrobial Agents on Planktonic and Biofilm Forms of Staphylococcus saprophyticus Isolated From Patients With Urinary Tract Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katheryne Benini Martins ◽  
Adriano Martison Ferreira ◽  
Valéria Cataneli Pereira ◽  
Luiza Pinheiro ◽  
Adilson de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Tract Infections

ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF FOSFOMYCIN IN BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTION : A STUDY FROM TERTIARY HEALTHCARE CENTER IN HIMACHAL PRADESH

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Daaman Thakur ◽  
Aditya Rana ◽  
Anuradha Sood ◽  
Subhash Chand Jaryal ◽  
Bhanu Kanwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Antimicrobial Drug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
Tract Infections

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common with an annual global incidence of at least 250 million cases; and Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen. Many antibiotics once used to treat UTI are now ineffective due to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Fosfomycin, discovered in late 1960s, has rekindled clinical interests because of reported susceptibilities of current pathogens to the agent. This study was done with the objective to determine in vitro fosfomycin susceptibility of common uropathogens and determining the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these organisms. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology for a duration of 2 years from October 2019 to September 2021. Urine samples were received and culture was done on MacConkey agar and AST was performed on signicant bacteriuria ≥105 CFU /ml with fosfomycin as per CLSI guidelines. Total of 9442 urine samples were collected duri RESULT: ng the duration of 2 years. Out of these 1657(17.5%) showed signicant growth. Male to female ratio was 1:1.9 in our study. Majority of the bacteria isolated were uropathogenic E.coli 960(57.9%) followed by Klebsiella spp 185(11.1%). Susceptibility to fosfomycin was seen majorly in all enterobacterales with 96.7% sensitivity to E.coli and 100% sensitivity towards Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. In CONCLUSION: conclusion, our study indicates that fosfomycin is active in vitro against a considerable percentage of urinary isolates, which simultaneously exhibit high rates of antimicrobial drug resistance to the conventionally used antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Effect and Analysis of Bacterial Lysates for the Treatment of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Adults

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Ricardo E. Ahumada-Cota ◽  
Ulises Hernandez-Chiñas ◽  
Feliciano Milián-Suazo ◽  
María E. Chávez-Berrocal ◽  
Armando Navarro-Ocaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Alternative Therapies ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Recurrent Utis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Lysates ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
And Control

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a relevant public health problem, economically and socially affecting the lives of patients. The increase of antimicrobial bacterial resistance significantly hinders the treatment of UTIs, raising the need to search for alternative therapies. Bacterial lysates (BL) obtained from Escherichia coli and other pathogens have been used to treat different infectious diseases with promising results. This work aims to evaluate the effect and composition of an autologous BL for the treatment and control of recurrent UTIs in adults. The results show remission in 70% of the patients within the first three months after the administration of BL, while the infection is maintained under control for 6–12 months. The analysis by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) of the BL fractions recognized by the sera of patients shows the presence of cytosolic proteins, fimbriae, OMPs, and LPS. Our study demonstrates that the autologous BL contributed to the treatment and control of recurrent UTIs in adults, and its composition shows that different surface components of E. coli are potential immunogens that could be used to create a polyvalent protective vaccine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of methenamine for urinary tract infection prevention in older adults: a review of the evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204209861987674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Chwa ◽  
Kevin Kavanagh ◽  
Sunny Anne Linnebur ◽  
Danielle R. Fixen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTI) commonly occur in older adults and can lead to more severe, life-threatening infections. Physiological factors that change with age are thought to contribute to the increased frequency of UTI recurrence in older adults. Unfortunately, there are limited methods to prevent UTI in older adults, and utilization of antimicrobial agents for prevention can have many negative consequences. Methenamine has been proposed as a useful drug for the prevention of UTI as it works as a urinary antiseptic, safely producing formaldehyde to prevent bacterial growth while avoiding bacterial resistance. The objective of this review is to evaluate the existing literature and discuss the use of methenamine in older adults for prevention of UTI. A PubMed search was conducted to identify studies evaluating the effectiveness of methenamine to prevent UTI in older adults, and 10 publications were selected based on relevant criteria. Based on the literature, methenamine appears to be a safe and effective option to prevent UTI in older adults with recurrent UTI, genitourinary surgical procedures, and potentially long-term catheterization. Studies have not evaluated the safety of methenamine in patients with impaired renal function or CrCl <30 ml/min. When selecting a treatment approach to preventing UTI in older adults with adequate renal function, clinicians may consider methenamine as a viable option.

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