Design Rainfall Temporal Patterns for Upper Klang Catchment

Rainfall temporal patterns are needed as inputs for hydrologic models such as unit hydrograph or runoff routing method used in the derivation of flood hydrographs. The patterns adopted can have a major effect on the resulting flood computed. Short and long duration rainfall data are both required for different sizes of catchments to determine and locate the flood producing critical storms in flood estimation. Design temporal patterns with different durations are therefore also required for distributing the storm rainfall in flood calculations. Patterns for a large number of durations with reasonably short time intervals are needed by designers to reduce the need for interpolation and to maintain the accuracy in obtaining the peak of the hydrograph. In this study, pluviograph data for the Upper Klang Catchment with records of over 30 years are used to derive temporal patterns for 20 standard durations as per ARR87. Rainfall temporal patterns for the upper Klang were derived for rainfall durations from 10 minutes to 72 hours and for time intervals from 5 minutes to 4 hours. The patterns presented in this study demonstrate the use of Average Variability Method in deriving design rainfall temporal patterns for data of the Klang Catchment and the patterns derived can be used for design flood estimations for catchments in the same general region.

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Catchment response time and design rainfall: the key input parameters for design flood estimation in ungauged catchments

Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering ◽

10.17159/2309-8775/2018/v60n4a6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

Author(s):

O J Gericke

Keyword(s):

Response Time ◽

Design Flood ◽

Ungauged Catchments ◽

Design Rainfall ◽

Input Parameters ◽

Flood Estimation

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A simple procedure for design flood estimation incorporating duration and return period of design rainfall

Arabian Journal of Geosciences ◽

10.1007/s12517-021-07645-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (13) ◽

Author(s):

Ishan Sharma ◽

Surendra Kumar Mishra ◽

Ashish Pandey

Keyword(s):

Return Period ◽

Simple Procedure ◽

Design Flood ◽

Design Rainfall ◽

Flood Estimation

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Temporal changes in rainfall intensity-duration thresholds for post-wildfire flash floods and sensitivity to spatiotemporal distributions of rainfall

10.5194/nhess-2021-157 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tao Liu ◽

Luke A. McGuire ◽

Nina Oakley ◽

Forest Cannon

Keyword(s):

Rainfall Intensity ◽

Flash Flood ◽

Flash Floods ◽

Temporal Changes ◽

Hydrologic Model ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Hydrologic Models ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Long Duration ◽

Better Than

Abstract. Rainfall intensity-duration (ID) thresholds are commonly used to assess flash flood potential downstream of burned watersheds. High-intensity and/or long-duration rainfall is required to generate flash floods as landscapes recover from fire, but there is little guidance on how thresholds change as a function of time since burning. Here, we force a hydrologic model with radar-derived precipitation to estimate ID thresholds for post-fire flash floods in a 41.5 km2 watershed in southern California, USA. Prior work in this study area constrains temporal changes in hydrologic model parameters, allowing us to estimate temporal changes in ID thresholds. Results indicate that ID thresholds increase by more than a factor of 2 from post-fire year 1 to post-fire year 5. Thresholds based on averaging rainfall intensity over durations of 30–60 minutes perform better than those that average rainfall intensity over shorter time intervals. Moreover, thresholds based on the 75th percentile of radar-derived rainfall intensity over the watershed perform better than thresholds based on the 25th or 50th percentile of rainfall intensity. Results demonstrate how hydrologic models can be used to estimate changes in ID thresholds following disturbance and provide guidance on the rainfall metrics that are best suited for predicting post-fire flash floods.

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Time Patterns of Rainfall for Estimating Design Floods on a Frequency Basis

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1984.0187 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 16 (8-9) ◽

pp. 155-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I Cordery ◽

D H Pilgrim ◽

I A Rowbottom

Keyword(s):

Temporal Patterns ◽

Design Flood ◽

Constant Intensity ◽

Design Rainfall ◽

Time Patterns ◽

Flood Model ◽

Average Variation ◽

Design Floods ◽

Frequency Basis ◽

Joint Probabilities

The rainfalls used in the practical estimation of design floods are generally based on frequency-duration relationships derived from recorded intense bursts of rainfall of various durations rather than from complete storms. These recorded intense bursts are therefore used in the derivation of the temporal patterns. The method produces patterns that incorporate the average variation of intensities and the most likely sequence of these varying intensities. Use of these patterns should minimize the introduction of joint probabilities into the design flood model and aid in estimation of a flood with the same frequency as the design rainfall. The method provides patterns with average or typical variations in intensity, in contrast to simple averaging which is shown to be generally unlikely to yield satisfactory patterns. The derived patterns are shown to provide peak flood estimates which are higher than those given by constant intensity storms but lower than rearrangements of the frequency-duration relationships.

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Auditory Isochrony: Time Shrinking and Temporal Patterns

Perception ◽

10.1068/p240577 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 577-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Gert ten Hoopen ◽

Rob Hartsuiker ◽

Takayuki Sasaki ◽

Yoshitaka Nakajima ◽

Masako Tanaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporal Patterns ◽

Adaptive Method ◽

Difference Limen ◽

Rhythm Perception ◽

Time Intervals ◽

The Third ◽

Base Interval ◽

The Difference ◽

Short Time ◽

Paradoxical Results

It has previously been reported that the duration of short time intervals is conspicuously underestimated if they are preceded by shorter neighbouring time intervals. This illusion was called ‘time shrinking’ and it was argued that it strongly affects the perception of auditory rhythms. In the present study this supposition has been pursued in three experiments. In the first, temporal patterns consisting of two, three, and four intervals had to be judged for anisochrony, which was invoked by offsetting the last sound from its isochronous position. By a constant method, it was determined that the last sound of fast sequences (50 ms base interval) had to be delayed by about 30 ms in order for isochronous rhythms to be perceived. Another interesting finding was that for sound sequences with base intervals up to 200 ms it was the difference limen, rather than Weber's ratio, that was constant for anisochrony detection. In the second experiment, the temporal patterns comprised two intervals, presented serially or separately. The deviation of isochrony could be on either the first or the second interval. The data, gathered by an adaptive method, showed time shrinking to be effective even up to a base interval of 200 ms. The third experiment involved a constant method and anisochrony was implemented on the first interval of two interval patterns. Time shrinking affected perceived isochrony in sequences with base intervals of 50, 100, and 200 ms. It is argued that the paradoxical results of anisochrony detection can be explained in terms of time shrinking. Some anomalies of rhythm perception and production that are the result of time shrinking are discussed. Finally, a tentative setup for a model of anisochrony detection that defies Weber's law is offered.

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Development of Temporal Rainfall Pattern for Segamat District

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.1205 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 773-774 ◽

pp. 1205-1209

Author(s):

Noorfathiah Che Ali ◽

Yuliarahmadila Erfen ◽

Nurul Farehah Amat ◽

Zawani Mohd Zahudi ◽

Mohd Shalahuddin Adnan

Keyword(s):

Survey Data ◽

Temporal Pattern ◽

Temporal Patterns ◽

Rainfall Pattern ◽

Intermediate Type ◽

Design Rainfall ◽

Minute Interval ◽

Flood Estimation ◽

Australian Rainfall

The designing of rainfall temporal pattern is very important in displaying the diversity and intensity of rainfall in addition to flood estimation and planning. The main purpose of this study was to develop a temporal rainfall pattern for Segamat District. Average Variability Method, AVM which had recommended by the Australian Rainfall and Runoff were used to derive design rainfall temporal patterns for this study. The survey data for 5 minute interval from 2003 to 2012 for 4 selected rainfall stations that obtained from the Drainage and Irrigation Department, DID have been selected. In this study, the temporal rainfall pattern is built for 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 120 minutes, 180 minutes, and 360 minutes. The results shows the actual rainfall on the field in the form of temporal rainfall pattern. Up to 75% of the temporal patterns in the region can be classified as intermediate type while the advance and delay type are 11% and 14%, respectively. From the temporal rainfall pattern, the duration of rainfall occurs can be predicted, therefore, the probability of the flooding during the period can be estimated.

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Proposal of PV Output Estimate Method in Short Time Intervals

IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy ◽

10.1541/ieejpes.136.891 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 136 (12) ◽

pp. 891-897 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Katsuhiro Matsuda ◽

Kazuhiro Misawa ◽

Hirotaka Takahashi ◽

Kenta Furukawa ◽

Satoshi Uemura

Keyword(s):

Time Intervals ◽

Estimate Method ◽

Short Time

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Nearest-Neighbor Distances Change Over Short Time Intervals in Foraging Flocks of Shorebirds

ORNITHOLOGICAL SCIENCE ◽

10.2326/osj.19.107 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Ivana Novcic

Keyword(s):

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Short Time ◽

Nearest Neighbor Distances

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The Influence of Geographical Factors on Extreme Rainfalls in Lampung Province

Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research ◽

10.23960/jesr.v1i1.7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

M Welly

Keyword(s):

Geographical Location ◽

Daily Rainfall ◽

Extreme Rainfall ◽

Design Flood ◽

Extreme Rainfall Events ◽

Rainfall Events ◽

Ungauged Basin ◽

Flood Discharge ◽

Design Rainfall ◽

Geographical Factors

Many people in Indonesia calculate design rainfall before calculating the design flooddischarge. The design rainfall with a certain return period will eventually be convertedinto a design flood discharge by combining it with the characteristics of the watershed.However, the lack of a network of rainfall recording stations makes many areas that arenot hydrologically measured (ungauged basin), so it is quite difficult to know thecharacteristics of rain in the area concerned. This study aims to analyze thecharacteristics of design rainfall in Lampung Province. The focus of the analysis is toinvestigate whether geographical factors influence the design rainfall that occurs in theparticular area. The data used in this study is daily rainfall data from 15 rainfallrecording stations spread in Lampung Province. The method of frequency analysis usedin this study is the Gumbel method. The research shows that the geographical location ofan area does not have significant effect on extreme rainfall events. The effect of risingearth temperatures due to natural exploitation by humans tends to be stronger as a causeof extreme events such as extreme rainfall.Keywords: Influence, geographical, factors, extreme, rainfall.

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