Modeling the Geographic Distribution of Prosopis africana (G. and Perr.) Taub. in Niger

Prosopis africana is a species of great socio-economic importance, threatened with extinction from its natural habitat in Niger due to overexploitation. The main objective of this study is to determine the potential geographic distribution of P. africana in Niger. Climatic and botanical data has been collected and used to model the distribution, on the basis of principle of maximum entropy (MAXENT) using MAXENT 3.3.3k, DIVA-GIS 7.5, and ArcGIS 10.0. programs. Rainfall and temperature are the most significant variables in the distribution of P. africana in Niger. Thus the southern band of the country (from the sudanian zone to the sahelio-soudanian zone), the wettest, is the area conducive to the development of P. africana (128,692.32 km2 in total, 10.16% of the territory). Given the extent of this area revealed by this study, a reforestation policy implementation of P. africana would allow to restore its stands in Niger.

Download Full-text

The cacao bud mite, Aceria reyesi (Nuzzaci 1973)—supplementary description, distribution and comparison with Gymnaceria cupuassu Oliveira, Rodrigues & Flechtmann 2012 (Acari: Eriophyidae)

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.23.3.9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 501

Author(s):

Adeilma Nascimento de Carvalho ◽

Denise Navia ◽

Enrico De Lillo ◽

Francisco José Ferragut ◽

Anibal Ramadan Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

South America ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Economic Importance ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Morphological Comparison ◽

First Report ◽

Probable Origin ◽

Cacao Tree ◽

Potential Geographic Distribution

The cacao bud mite, Aceria reyesi (Nuzzaci 1973) (Eriophyidae), reported as causing serious damage to the cacao tree in Central and South America, is studied based on type specimens from Venezuela and adults and immatures specimens from Costa Rica, Ecuador and the Brazilian states of Amazonas, Bahia and Rondônia, offering a supplementary description and the first report of this species in Costa Rica and Ecuador. The probable origin and the potential geographic distribution of this noxious phytophagous mite is discussed, and a detailed morphological comparison between A. reyesi and the related eriophyid species Gymnaceria cupuassu Oliveira, Rodrigues & Flechtmann 2012, both associated with Theobroma species (Malvaceae) of economic importance, is given.

Download Full-text

Information mechanics

10.1093/oso/9780198759874.003.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sandip Tiwari

Keyword(s):

Information Flow ◽

Irreversible Processes ◽

State Machines ◽

Science And Engineering ◽

Von Neumann ◽

Principle Of Maximum Entropy ◽

Information Manipulation ◽

Classical Quantum ◽

Physical Laws ◽

Principle Of Maximum

Information is physical, so its manipulation through devices is subject to its own mechanics: the science and engineering of behavioral description, which is intermingled with classical, quantum and statistical mechanics principles. This chapter is a unification of these principles and physical laws with their implications for nanoscale. Ideas of state machines, Church-Turing thesis and its embodiment in various state machines, probabilities, Bayesian principles and entropy in its various forms (Shannon, Boltzmann, von Neumann, algorithmic) with an eye on the principle of maximum entropy as an information manipulation tool. Notions of conservation and non-conservation are applied to example circuit forms folding in adiabatic, isothermal, reversible and irreversible processes. This brings out implications of fluctuation and transitions, the interplay of errors and stability and the energy cost of determinism. It concludes discussing networks as tools to understand information flow and decision making and with an introduction to entanglement in quantum computing.

Download Full-text

Notice of Retraction: The Potential Geographic Distribution of the Invasive Weed Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng in China

2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1109/icbbe.2011.5781660 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Yongqin Tan ◽

Xingmiao Zhou ◽

Yongmo Wang ◽

Guoan Zhang ◽

Bing Hu

Keyword(s):

Geographic Distribution ◽

Eupatorium Adenophorum ◽

Invasive Weed ◽

Eupatorium Adenophorum Spreng ◽

Potential Geographic Distribution

Download Full-text

To Be or to Have Been Lucky, That Is the Question

Philosophies ◽

10.3390/philosophies6030057 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Antony Lesage ◽

Jean-Marc Victor

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Maximum Entropy ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Statistical Test ◽

Low Risk ◽

Principle Of Maximum Entropy ◽

Ex Ante ◽

Social Opportunities ◽

Global Population ◽

Principle Of Maximum

Is it possible to measure the dispersion of ex ante chances (i.e., chances “before the event”) among people, be it gambling, health, or social opportunities? We explore this question and provide some tools, including a statistical test, to evidence the actual dispersion of ex ante chances in various areas, with a focus on chronic diseases. Using the principle of maximum entropy, we derive the distribution of the risk of becoming ill in the global population as well as in the population of affected people. We find that affected people are either at very low risk, like the overwhelming majority of the population, but still were unlucky to become ill, or are at extremely high risk and were bound to become ill.

Download Full-text