scholarly journals Intervention Programs for Developing Play Skills in Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorder to Foster Interaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Faris Algahtani
Keyword(s):  
Play Therapy ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Play Skills ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Rehabilitation Centre ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Social Associations ◽  
Behavioural Aspects

Autistic spectrum disorder has gained attention in terms of developing therapies and support to enhance the developmental and social attributes of children. The aim of this study is to assess the favourable influence of play therapies among autistic children. An observational analysis has been conducted in a local rehabilitation centre. A class of 250 autistic children, aged between 4 to 5 years, was evaluated. Pre and post analysis for common indications of autism were made with regard to the play therapy. The symptoms, concerning behavioural aspects, were recorded on a simple checklist. The study did not provide any concrete relevancy of being effective for play therapy among the autistic children. The study showed that interventions based on play skills are recognized as imperative approach to develop social associations among children. The developmental approaches of autistic children differ from normal children, as they require different facilities and special attention.

scholarly journals Kebiasaan makan pada anak gangguan spektrum autisme

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfriani M. Onibala ◽  
Anita E. Dundu ◽  
Lisbeth F.J. Kandou
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Immunological Factors ◽  
Substance Consumption

Abstract: Autism or Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder which is marked as disorders in communication and social interaction, and repeated behavior. The causes of autism are not clear yet, however, genetic, environmental, and immunological factors might have some roles in the occurence of autism. Autistic children usually have different eating habits, such as eating the same kind of food for a pretty long time. Autistic children should be given gluten free, casein free, and additive substance free diets since this can improve their hyperactivity. This study aimed to obtain the eating habits of autistic children in several schools in Manado. There were 33 respondents who filled questionnaires about the eating habbit of their autistic children. The results showed that there were 10 children (30.1%) who frequently consumed gluten; 18 children (54.6%) who rarely consumed gluten; and 5 children (13.2%) who did not consume gluten. About casein consumption, there were 10 children (30.1%) who frequently consumed casein, 12 children (36.4%) who rarely consumed casein, and 11 children (33.4%) who did not consume casein. About additive substance consumption, there were 6 children (18.2%) who frequently consumed additive substances; 17 children (51.6%) who rarely consumed additive substances; and 10 children (30.1%) who did not consume these additive substances.Keywords: autism, eating habit Abstrak: Autisme pada anak atau Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) merupakan gangguan perkembangan yang ditandai dengan gangguan komunikasi, gangguan interaksi sosial, dan perilaku berulang. Penyebab autisme belum diketahui pasti. Diduga faktor genetik, lingkungan, dan sistem imun berperan pada terjadinya gangguan ini. Anak autis biasanya memiliki kebiasaan makan yang berbeda, seperti sering memakan jenis makanan yang sama secara berulang-ulang dalam waktu yang cukup lama. Kebiasaan makan ini dapat berpengaruh pada perbaikan perilaku anak autis. Pada anak autisme biasanya diterapkan makanan bebas gluten, kasein, dan zat aditif karena dapat membantu perbaikan hiperaktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebiasaan makan pada anak autis di beberapa Sekolah Luar Biasa di Manado. Terdapat 33 responden yang mengisi kuesioner tentang kebiasaan makan anak autis. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 10 anak (30,1%) sering mengonsumsi gluten, 18 anak (54,6%) jarang mengonsumsi gluten, dan 5 anak (13,2%) tidak mengonsumsi gluten. Mengenai konsumsi kasein dari 33 responden terdapat 10 anak (30,1%) sering mengonsumsi kasein, 12 anak (36,4%) jarang mengonsumsi kasein, dan 11 anak (33,4%) tidak mengonsumsi kasein. Mengenai bahan aditif, 6 anak (18,2%) yang sering mengonsumsi zat aditif, 17 anak (51,6%) jarang mengonsumsi zat aditif, dan 10 anak (30,1%) tidak mengonsumsi zat aditif.Kata kunci: autisme, kebiasaan makan

scholarly journals Práticas com o Profissional e Cuidador de Crianças Autistas / Practices with the Professional and Caregiver of Autistic Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (57) ◽  
pp. 960-974
Author(s):  
Karoline Obo Rodrighero ◽  
Carolina Tarcinalli Souza
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Balance Ability

Resumo: A criança com Transtorno do Espectro Autístico (TEA) apresenta uma tríade caracterizada pela dificuldade e prejuízos qualitativos da comunicação verbal e não verbal, na interatividade social e na restrição do seu ciclo de atividades e interesses. O profissional tem uma grande importância na função de capacitar, instruir, supervisionar e orientar os cuidadores e familiares a realizar as atividades com as crianças com autismo. O objetivo deste estudo foi ensinar com aulas práticas voltadas para o desempenho neuropsicomotor a interação do profissional e cuidador com os autistas. O estudo foi composto por quatro etapas: (1) observação pré-intervenção; (2) elaboração dos materiais; (3) encontros para a implantação do treinamento; (4) interação do profissional e cuidador com os autistas. Após a interação proposta para os profissionais e cuidadores, foi possível observar o que pode ser modificado tanto no ambiente em que eles convivem com as crianças autistas quanto na prática do dia á dia. Pode-se concluir que a interação de uma equipe interdisciplinar, colabora para o maior e melhor desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor das crianças autistas, sendo estas como: motricidade fina, motricidade grossa, sensorial, coordenação, melhoria da deglutição, adaptação dessas crianças na sala de aula, melhoria quanto à marcha, equilíbrio, capacidade de concentração e comunicação. Palavras-Chave: Treinamento; Transtorno Autístico; Fisioterapia; Cuidador Abstract: That the child with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents a triad characterized by the difficulty and qualitative impairments of verbal and no verbal comunication, in social interactivity and in the restriction of its cycle of activities and interests. The Professional hás a great importance in the function of training instruct supervise and guide the caregivers and family to carry out the activities with the children with autism. The objective of this study was to teach with pratical classes focused on the neuropsychomotor performance the interaction of the professional and caregiver with the autism. The studt was composed of four atages: (1) pré-intervention observation; (2) preparation of materials; (3) meetings for the implementation of the training; (4) interaction between the professional and caregiver with autistic. Fter the interaction proposed for professionals and caregivers, it was possible to observe what can be modified both in the environment in which they live with the autistic children and in the daily practice. It can be concluded that the interaction of na interdisciplinary team, collaborates for the greater and better neuropsychomotor development of autistic children, being these as: fine motor, gross motor, sensory, coordination, improvement in swallowing, adaptation of these children in the classroom, improvement in gait, balance, ability to concentrate and communicate Keywords: Training; Autistic Desorder; Phisiotherapy; Caregiver 

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) with regard to tooth brushing in autistic children

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Felicia Melati ◽  
Ratna Indriyanti ◽  
Arlette Suzy Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Applied Behavior Analysis ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorders ◽  
P Value ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Level 1

Background: Children demonstrating autistic spectrum disorders tend to be uncooperative when receiving dental treatment. Actions as simple as brushing the teeth with a prophylactic brush can constitute complex processes for children with such conditions. Applied behavior analysis (ABA) can train children in new positive behavior and it is, therefore, anticipated that an ABA-based approach iscapable of influencing the behavior of individuals with autistic spectrum disorder. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the ABA-based approach for autistic children during dental brushing procedures. Methods: The research constituted a quasiexperimental single subject investigation of children presenting autistic spectrum disorders who attended the Lembaga Pendidikan Autisma Prananda, Bandung. Potential changes in the behavior of subjects were monitored four times during treatment with a one-week interval between consultations. Those subjects satisfying the inclusion criteria consisted of 11 boys and 4 girls. The data analysis used in this study consisted of an ANOVA test and a non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test with a p–value < 0.005. Results: Changes in scores between the initial and final consultations were statistically significant with a p-value (0.269) <0.05. Statistically significant differences existed between changes in the behavior of level 1 and level 2 autistic subjects. Conclusion: An ABA-based approach effectively changes the behavior of autistic children with regard to prophylactic brushing. Children with level 1 autistic spectrum disorder demonstrate greater capacity to follow instructions and consistently implement a prophylactic brushing technique.

PERMODELAN PREDIKTIF AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER DENGAN ALGORITMA C.45

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Oktafian Farhan ◽  
Agus Subekti
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Autistic Spectrum

Autisme merupakan disabilitas perkembangan yang dialami sepanjang hidup penderita Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Semakin cepat ditangani, semakin besar kemungkinan anak akan kembali normal. Untuk alasan ini, diperlukan metode baru yang dapat membantu orang tua dengan cepat mengenali gejala autisme pada anak-anak mereka. Dalam studi sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Fadi Fayez Tabhtah, suatu data set dihasilkan untuk mendeteksi apakah seorang anak memiliki autisme atau tidak. Tetapi penelitiannya hanya menghasilkan data set, ia tidak memeriksa lebih lanjut dimana algoritma cocok untuk data set yang telah dihasilkan. Atribut data set ternyata memiliki nilai yang salah, yang mengundang pertanyaan tentang keakurasian data. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode CRISP-DM dan menguji keakuratan data set penelitian sebelumnya menggunakan algoritma C.45. Selanjutnya, aplikasi WEKA menggunakan pemilihan fitur dan pengaruh dari nilai yang salah untuk setiap atribut dan menemukan atribut yang paling signifikan. Atribut-atribut ini kemudian diuji dengan algoritma C.45 sehingga model prediksi dari data set diperoleh. Atribut A6 dari perhitungan pohon keputusan tidak muncul sama sekali sebagai cabang. Sebuah model baru diperoleh di mana atribut A6 dihilangkan, sehingga ketika diukur oleh algoritma C.45, nilai akurasi yang lebih baik diperoleh. Hasil model baru kemudian diuji pada data kuesioner baru, yang menghasilkan prediksi yang tepat.

Alzheimer's Disease and Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Is there any Association?

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Khan ◽  
Shahida A. Khan ◽  
A.R. Narendra ◽  
Gohar Mushtaq ◽  
Solafa A. Zahran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Spectrum

scholarly journals Quality of Life in Caregivers of Children and Adolescents with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Development and Validation of the Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 924
Author(s):  
Claudia B. Pratesi ◽  
Alessandra Baeza Garcia ◽  
Riccardo Pratesi ◽  
Lenora Gandolfi ◽  
Mariana Hecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Domains

Studies have shown that children and adolescents with autism and their relatives present a high level of stress and more family problems, impacting parents’ and caregivers’ quality of life (QoL). Despite studies on this subject, there is no specific questionnaire to evaluate QoL in parents or caregivers of children and adolescents with an autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in Brazil. Therefore, this study’s primary purpose was to develop and validate a specific questionnaire to evaluate QoL in these individuals. The study was performed using the following steps: development of the ASD Parent/caregiver QoL questionnaire (autistic spectrum disorder parent/caregiver quality of life—ASDPC-QoL), subjective evaluation, validation of the questionnaire by the Delphi method, assessment of internal consistency, responsiveness, and reliability of the ASLPC-QoL, and administration of the questionnaire to 881 Brazilian ASD caregivers or parents. ASDPC-QoL comprises 28 questions divided into four domains (social, concerns, physical and mental health) with good psychometric properties (reproducibility, reliability, internal consistency, responsiveness, and validity). Our data showed that worries and physical health were the domains with the lowest scores in ASDPCA-QoL. ASDPCA-QoL did not differ among gender and age of child considering the total and all domains. Older participants (≥41 y/o) presented the best scores for social and worries domains but did not differ in other domains and the total. Parents or caregivers of ASD children diagnosed for more than three years have better mental and physical health domains than those recently diagnosed (up to 1 year) but did not differ in the total and other domains. Individuals with a partner and with the highest educational level present the best score for the social domain. Employed individuals showed better scores than unemployed ones for all domains and the total, except for worries, which did not differ. It also occurred comparing the individuals that do not use antidepressants and the ones that use them. Assessing and better understanding the QoL of caregivers is highly relevant. By understanding the social, worries, physical, and emotional health domains of caregivers, it is possible to track harmful aspects, prevent and treat pathologies, in addition to assisting in the implementation of effective public policies.

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