scholarly journals The Long Run Effect of Female Work Force Participation on Child Labour

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Soumya Sahin ◽  
Ambar Nath Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Female Labour Force Participation ◽  
Overlapping Generations Model ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Women And Children

We develop a simple overlapping generations model to show how an increased level of female labour force participation(FLFP) could add to GDP and also make society, especially, women and children better off in the long run. It will also enumerate some of the reasons behind the gender gap in employment and suggest ways to overcome the gap.

Facets of the Gender Gap in Labour Force Participation and Economic Empowerment Disruption

2022 ◽  
pp. 146-161
Author(s):  
S. K. Baral ◽  
Durga Madhab Mahapatra ◽  
Soumendra Kumar Patra
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Female Labour Force Participation ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
The Public ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Social

According to Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) data, the average employment for January 2019-March 2020 was 403 million, which declined to 282 million in April 2020 and recovered steadily thereafter to reach 393million by August 2020. In India, female labour force participation is abysmally poor and has declined over the years, despite a rise in education. The causes for this are complex and, aside from objective factors, include a whole variety of social and cultural aspects. One of the factors causing this is the social mentality of women becoming homemakers. Furthermore, the scarcity of schooling and work-oriented courses, the lack of mobility, and sexism in the workplace have been deterrents to women's access to the public workspace. Therefore, initiatives that aim to fix this void need to be holistic. Legislation alone is not enough, and to close this gap, all stakeholders should join hands. The chapter attempts to analyse facets of the gender gap in labour force participation and economic empowerment disruption through the pandemic.

scholarly journals The Nexus of Economic Growth, Education, Fertility Rate and Female Labour Supply: Empirical Evidence in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-41
Author(s):  
Han Hwa Goh ◽  
Vishalini Macharagai ◽  
Siew Bee Thai ◽  
Boon Heng Teh ◽  
Tze San Ong
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Female Labour Force Participation ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Labour Participation

Malaysia, a fast-growing developing country in Asia, has envisioned Shared Prosperity Vision 2030 to become a developed economy with high income via sustainable and inclusive economic growth by the year 2030. To accomplish this vision, female labour participation is needed as the female population constitutes almost half of Malaysia’s total population. However, female labour participation rate is way lower than Malaysia’s overall labour force participation rate.The relatively low female labour participation rate can be a barrier to Malaysia’s economic development and thus the realization of its goal of a high income nation.Therefore, this paper makes an attempt to examine empirically the long-run causal association among female labour force participation, economic growth, education, and fertility rate. The interrelationships among the variables are examined using the bounds test and Toda-Yamamoto granger non-causality methodology. The result of the study indicates a strong evidence of long-run relationship among the variables. Besides, we have found a significant inverted-U-shaped association linking the female labour force participation to the economic growth in Malaysia. The results of Granger causality tests further confirm that there is a strong evidence of bidirectional causality from education to economic growth as well as female labour participation. Besides, the results also show significant unidirectional causality from female labour force participation and fertility to economic growth.

scholarly journals Fertility and socio-economic determinants: evidence from co-integration and multivariate Granger casualty tests

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Prakash Kengnal ◽  
Asha Bullappa
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
National Income ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Gross National Income ◽  
Female Labour Force Participation ◽  
Labour Force Participation Rate ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Per Capita

Background: The empirical work on fertility determinants widely discusses the role of socio-economic factors like female labour force participation rate, urban population and per capita gross national income in determining fertility rates. The India’s high fertility rate began to decline gradually after late 1950s and continued to fall since then. India achieved almost 31 per cent decline in fertility rate from 1990 to 2012. The objective was to examine the relationship between fertility rate, urbanization, female labour force participation rate and per capita gross national income for India.Methods: This study covers the sample period from 1990-2012. Moreover, the direction of causality between fertility rate, urbanization, female labour force participation rate and per capita gross national income in India using Granger Causality test within the Vector Error-Correction Model (VECM) are examined.Results: As a summary of the empirical results, we found that fertility rate, urbanization, female labour force participation rate and per capita gross national income in India are co-integrated and there is unidirectional Granger Causality between the four variables in long and short-run.Conclusions: The growth in urban population, female labour force participation rate and per capita gross national income are responsible for the decrease in fertility rate in India.

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