scholarly journals Impact of climate on juvenile mortality and Armillaria root disease in lodgepole pine

2017 ◽  
Vol 93 (02) ◽  
pp. 148-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Richard Dempster
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Climatic Effects ◽  
Mechanical Site Preparation ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Armillaria Root Disease

Variable and sometimes high levels of mortality in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) planted in western Alberta have raised awareness of the need to forecast and ameliorate risks to reforestation success. Mortality and health of regeneration during the 12 years following harvest were monitored and evaluated in relation to climate, site and silvicultural treatments. Results suggest that physiological stress related to evapotranspiration is the most prevalent cause of overall juvenile mortality and susceptibility to Armillaria root disease in planted pine. Mortality and disease not only increase at higher rates of drying during the growing season, but an opposite effect is also demonstrated whereby they decrease with increasing spring temperatures. Mechanical site preparation aimed at countering mortality and disease of planted stock with improved soil conditions appears to have good potential for ameliorating adverse climatic effects in juvenile stands.

Post-spacing mortality of lodgepole pine from armillaria root disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V. Blenis
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Precommercial Thinning ◽  
Armillaria Ostoyae ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Armillaria Root Disease

To evaluate the threat of armillaria root disease in precommercially thinned lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia), a total of 66 15 × 15-m plots were established in dense lodgepole pine regeneration, 18 to 21 years after harvest, on three infested sites near Hinton, Alberta. Three treatments (2.5-m spacing, 1.5-m spacing and an unspaced control) were randomly applied to plots having similar densities and levels of mortality. After 11 years there was no significant difference among the treatments in cumulative percent mortality. Based on observed levels of mortality, it would appear that spacing need not be avoided in infested stands, although it likely would be prudent to space more closely than 2.5 m in younger stands and in parts of stands having more than 5–10% mortality. Key words: precommercial thinning, spacing, armillaria root disease, Armillaria ostoyae

Armillaria root disease, stand characteristics, and soil properties in young lodgepole pine

1998 ◽  
Vol 105 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.I Mallett ◽  
D.G Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Armillaria Root Disease ◽  
Stand Characteristics

Chemical and nutritional status of dwarf mistletoe, Armillaria root rot, and Comandra blister rust infected trees which may influence tree susceptibility to bark beetle attack

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Nebeker ◽  
R. A. Tisdale ◽  
R. F. Schmitz ◽  
K. R. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Dwarf Mistletoe ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Armillaria Root Disease

The terpenoid and phenyl propanoid content of xylem resin as well as phloem nitrogen and carbohydrate levels of lodgepole pine trees infected with Armillaria root disease, Comandra blister rust, and dwarf mistletoe and check (asymptomatic) trees were determined. Comparisons were made to determine if differences existed that might influence their susceptibility to bark beetle attack. These variables were also contrasted with respect to aspect (north and south). Five volatiles (tricyclene, α-pinene, camphene, γ-terpinene, and bornyl acetate) were significantly higher in trees with one or more diseases than in check trees. Four volatiles (myrcene, camphor, 4-allylanisole, and γ-terpineol) were significantly lower in diseased trees. Camphene was the only resin constituent found to differ with respect to aspect, with a higher concentration on the north aspect of check trees. There were no significant differences in carbohydrate or nitrogen content with respect to aspect. The check trees were found to have significantly higher starch, total nitrogen, and free amino-N contents than diseased trees. Trees infected with Comandra blister rust were found to contain lower levels of reducing and nonreducing sugars than the other diseased trees and the check trees. Changes in terpenoids and phenyl propanoids in trees susceptible to mountain pine beetle attack suggest a biochemical basis for host selection. Key words: mountain pine beetle, lodgepole pine, Comandra blister rust, dwarf mistletoe, Armillaria root disease, resin chemistry, susceptibility.

scholarly journals Estimating the growth of 20-to 26-year-old lodgepole pine plantations in the Leningrad region of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Anatoly V. Zhigunov ◽  
Оlesia Y. Butenko
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Volume Yield ◽  
Significant Damage

Abstract The aim of our study was to compare the growth rates of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.) with those of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) in plantations. The experimental plots were established in 1988, 1989 and 1994 in the southern part of the Leningrad region. In 2014, the condition of the plants on those plots was examined and their linear parameters were measured. The comparison of Scots pine with lodgepole pine of the same age growing in similar soil conditions has shown that Scots pine has only an insignificant advantage over lodgepole pine in the growth rate. In the mixes of Norway spruce and lodgepole pine, Norway spruce considerably suppresses the growth of lodgepole pine. Lodgepole pine has successfully adapted to the climatic conditions of the Leningrad region of Russia, which is easy to see from the well-preserved plantations and their annual bearing. No significant damage because of either diseases or insect pests has been revealed. It is for the first time that the volume yield of lodgepole pine was determined in 20-to 26-year-old experimental plantations in the Leningrad region of Russia.

Forest soil rehabilitation with tillage and wood waste enhances seedling establishment but not height after 8 years

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1894-1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bulmer ◽  
K. Venner ◽  
C. Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
One Year

We evaluated soil conditions of rehabilitated log landings in the Interior Douglas-fir biogeoclimatic zone of British Columbia during the first 3 years after treatment and the growth of lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) on these log landings over 8 years. Rehabilitation treatments included combinations of tillage and the addition of either stockpiled topsoil or one of three organic amendments: hog fuel, sort-yard waste, and a wood waste – biosolids compost. The woody amendments were either applied as a surface mulch or incorporated into the soil after tillage. Tillage and addition of wood waste reduced soil bulk density and increased carbon content. Daytime soil temperatures in summer were lower under a hog fuel mulch than for the other treatments. The plots receiving hog fuel also had higher soil moisture content. One year after treatment, soil mechanical resistance for untreated soils, and those that were simply tilled, exceeded 2500 kPa for much of the growing season. Plots receiving wood waste had lower mechanical resistance. Use of wood waste in rehabilitation improved soil conditions and contributed to improved survival rates for planted lodgepole pine seedlings. Height growth after 8 years was not significantly affected by the treatments.

Forest structure altered by mountain pine beetle outbreaks affects subsequent attack in a Wyoming lodgepole pine forest, USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2403-2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Kashian ◽  
Rebecca M. Jackson ◽  
Heather D. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
The 1960S

Extensive outbreaks of the mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) will alter the structure of many stands that will likely be attacked again before experiencing a stand-replacing fire. We examined a stand of lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) in Grand Teton National Park currently experiencing a moderate-level outbreak and previously attacked by mountain pine beetle in the 1960s. Consistent with published studies, tree diameter was the main predictor of beetle attack on a given tree, large trees were preferentially attacked, and tree vigor, age, and cone production were unimportant variables for beetle attack at epidemic levels. Small trees killed in the stand were killed based mainly on their proximity to large trees and were likely spatially aggregated with large trees as a result of the previous outbreak. We concluded that the driving factors of beetle attack and their spatial patterns are consistent across outbreak severities but that stand structure altered by the previous outbreak had implications for the current outbreaks in the same location. This study should catalyze additional research that examines how beetle-altered stand structure affects future outbreaks — an important priority for predicting their impacts under climate change scenarios that project increases in outbreak frequency and extent.

Incidence of main stem infections of lodgepole pine by western gall rust decreases with tree age

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V Blenis ◽  
Wuhan Li
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Precommercial Thinning ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Artificial Inoculations

Infection of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) by western gall rust has been shown to decrease with tree height and age, but the effects of those two factors have not been separated. Five replicate artificial inoculations were done on a total of 327 trees of different ages in two height classes. Temperature and percentage of spore germination at the height of inoculation, shoot development (stem elongation at the time of inoculation as a proportion of final shoot elongation), main stem leader length at the time of inoculation, tree height, and tree age were measured. Modeled percentages of infected trees and the number of galls per 10 cm of shoot length decreased by 85% and 88%, respectively, as tree age increased between 2 and 10 years, indicating the undesirability of early, aggressive precommercial thinning of lodgepole pine stands in areas where western gall rust is common. By controlling and (or) statistically accounting for inoculum, microclimate, and phenological factors, it was possible to demonstrate that changes in susceptibility with tree age are sufficient to account for the reduction in infection with tree height.

Modeling the effects of fire and climate change on carbon and nitrogen storage in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stands

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. H. SMITHWICK ◽  
M. G. RYAN ◽  
D. M. KASHIAN ◽  
W. H. ROMME ◽  
D. B. TINKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Storage ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Pathogenicity of postfire ascomycetes (Pezizales) on seeds and germinants of lodgepole pine

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 2368-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith N. Egger ◽  
J. W. Paden
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Seed Infection

Forty isolates of postfire ascomycetes (Pezizales) were tested for in vitro pathogenicity on seeds and germinants of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. Two known pathogens, Caloscypha fulgens (Pers.) Boud. and Botrytis cinerea Pers., were included as a check of the method. Caloscypha fulgens was the only fungus that caused serious declines in seed germination, although several species of postfire Pezizales were capable of preemergence seed infection. Rhizina undulata Fr. and Pyropyxis rubra (Peck) Egger were strongly pathogenic on germinants. Pyropyxis rubra was not previously known to be pathogenic. Many isolates were weakly pathogenic on germinants under the conditions tested.

Export of phosphorus and nitrogen from lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) brash windrows on harvested blanket peat forests

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaki-ul-Zaman Asam ◽  
Mika Nieminen ◽  
Connie O’Driscoll ◽  
Mark O’Connor ◽  
Sakari Sarkkola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Blanket Peat
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document