Handling and planting methods influence field performance of red pine ten years after planting

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. PaterSon
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Total Height ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Root Stock ◽  
Bare Root

In 1976 several plantings were established to compare the post-planting performance of 3 + 0 Red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) bare root stock planted by operational planting crews with those planted by research planting crews. Ten-year results show that field performance is directly influenced by the handling and planting methods employed by the two groups. Extra care in the handling and planting of bare root stock by research crews has led to improved survival, total height and diameter growth, resulting in a 27% overall increase in basal area. Key words: Red pine, handling and planting, plantation assessment, survival, total height, diameter and basal area

Six-year field performance of container-grown and bare-root black oak seedlings inoculated with Pisolithustinctorius and outplanted on two Ozark clear-cuts

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1339-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Parker ◽  
David J. Moorhead ◽  
Stephen G. Pallardy ◽  
H. E. Garrett ◽  
Robert K. Dixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Woody Vegetation ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Root Stock ◽  
Soil Moisture Availability ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
Mesic Site ◽  
Black Oak

The effects of container culture and infection with Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Couch on growth and survival of black oak (Quercusvelutina Lam.) seedlings outplanted on two Missouri Ozark clear-cuts were examined over 6 years. Container-grown 1-0 seedlings exhibited height and diameter growth superior to bare-root stock, and mycorrhizal plants were taller than nonmycorrhizal plants during the first two to three field seasons. Thereafter, container-grown and bare-root, and mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal seedlings grew at comparable rates such that treatment differences in height and diameter had been greatly reduced 6 years after outplanting. Seedling growth and survival differed between sites, a response resulting from differential soil moisture availability and the nature of competing vegetation of the two planting sites. Shading by more abundant herbaceous and low woody vegetation on a comparatively mesic site likely resulted in greater mortality and less stem growth than on a xeric site during years 1 to 3. However, seedlings that grew to heights sufficient to overtop neighboring vegetation on the mesic site exhibited comparatively greater growth rates in years 4 to 6. As a result, after 6 years, the xeric site was occupied by a relatively large number of small seedlings, while the mesic site was characterized by fewer but larger seedlings.

Growth of Clumped vs. Equally Spaced Trees

1982 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Stiell
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Form Class ◽  
Significant Tendency ◽  
Made In ◽  
Crown Size

Fifteen-year results are presented for a thinning experiment made in 13-year-old red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.), designed to compare growth of trees in 4-tree clumps with that of uniformly spaced trees, in both cases growing at 890 stems/ha. By the end of the period, average crown size, form class and height were about the same for both stands, but growth by trees in clumps had been less for dbh and for basal area and total volume per hectare. Clumped trees had a significant tendency to lean away from each other. It was concluded that control of inter-tree spacing at planting or thinning is justified to the extent that clumps of more than three adjacent trees be avoided.

Reproductive ecology and allometry of red pine (Pinus resinosa) at the northwestern limit of its distribution range in Manitoba, Canada

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alanna Sutton ◽  
Richard J Staniforth ◽  
Jacques Tardif
Keyword(s):  
Seed Mass ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
North West ◽  
Poor Seed ◽  
Individual Trees

Red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) has been described as a poor seed producer at its distribution range limit; however, few studies have verified this claim or have examined the factors influencing the reproduction of the species. In 2000, data were collected from 60 trees growing in Manitoba at the extreme northwest limit of the natural distribution range for this species. Cones per tree were counted and samples weighed and measured. Likewise, seeds per cone were counted, measured, weighed, and tested for germination. Correlation and regression analyses compared measured characteristics among cones, among individual trees, and among portions of tree crowns (north, west, south, and east portions). Cone abundance among individual trees was significantly and positively correlated with stem diameter and with basal area increment from 1 to 4 years preceding cone maturation. Cone size and fresh mass and seed abundance, mass, and germination were not significantly correlated with individual trees or crown portions; however, seed number per cone and seed size were found to be significantly and positively correlated with cone size. Germination success in red pine increased with seed mass to a certain threshold value, beyond which more than 80% of the seeds germinated no matter what their mass. Our data for 2000 and field observations for 1999 and 2001 showed that red pine at its northwest limit of distribution range produced numerous cones and viable seeds.Key words: red pine, Pinus resinosa, distribution limit, seeds, germination, cones.

A new method for evaluating forest thinning: growth dominance in managed Pinus resinosa stands

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 843-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Bradford ◽  
Anthony W. D’Amato ◽  
Brian J. Palik ◽  
Shawn Fraver
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
New Method ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Individual Tree Growth

Growth dominance is a relatively new, simple, quantitative metric of within-stand individual tree growth patterns, and is defined as positive when larger trees in the stand display proportionally greater growth than smaller trees, and negative when smaller trees display proportionally greater growth than larger trees. We examined long-term silvicultural experiments in red pine ( Pinus resinosa Ait.) to characterize how stand age, thinning treatments (thinned from above, below, or both), and stocking levels (residual basal area) influence stand-level growth dominance through time. In stands thinned from below or from both above and below, growth dominance was not significantly different from zero at any age or stocking level. Growth dominance in stands thinned from above trended from negative at low stocking levels to positive at high stocking levels and was positive in young stands. Growth dominance in unthinned stands was positive and increased with age. These results suggest that growth dominance provides a useful tool for assessing the efficacy of thinning treatments designed to reduce competition between trees and promote high levels of productivity across a population, particularly among crop trees.

Effets du brûlage dirigé et du scarifiage sur l'établissement des semis et sur leur interaction avec la végétation concurrente

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée Tellier ◽  
Luc C. Duchesne ◽  
Robert S. McAlpine ◽  
Jean-Claude Ruel
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Competition Index ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Clear Cut

In 1990, a jack pine forest was clear-cut on an 15 ha area and divided into 40 plots. In 1991, ten plots were burned-over under varying conditions to obtain different fire intensities and ten plots were scarified. Each plot was planted in 1992 with red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and white pine (P. strobus L.) seedlings. Survival rate and health of the seedlings was evaluated for the first two years after planting and the non-crop vegetation was assessed using a competition index developed for conifer management in Ontario. Our results show seedling survival rate, health, biomass and height to be improved when planted on burned-over or scarified sites and that fire intensity influences certain of those characteristics. Key words: scarification, fire, Pinus resinosa, Pinus strobus, competition

Pinus resinosa product potential following initial spacing and subsequent thinning

2001 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Penner ◽  
C. Robinson ◽  
D. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Thinning Intensity ◽  
Utility Pole ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Initial Spacing ◽  
High Utility ◽  
Time Required

A trial was initiated in 1953 to investigate the effect of initial tree spacing on red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) volume production. Approximately three decades later, in 1982, thinning treatments were added to compare the effects of thinning and initial spacing on volume production. After 45 growing seasons from planting, total volume production (cut + standing volume) mainly was independent of initial spacing and thinning intensity except at the widest (4.3 m +) spacing treatments. Both initial spacing and thinning affected quadratic mean diameter, standing volume and basal area. Knot size was affected by initial spacing with trees at an initial spacing of 3.0 m or wider having a significant number of stems failing to meet utility pole standards due to excessive, large knots. At the time of sampling, 1998, the higher initial densities (1.2 and 1.5 m-spacing) were undergoing significant mortality and falling behind the lower initial spacings in terms of total volume production. In addition, trees at the narrowest spacing were more prone to snow and ice damage. Thinning reduced the time required to meet sawlog and utility pole specifications. The initial spacings ranging from 1.8 to 2.4 m resulted in good growth with high utility pole potential and little mortality. Lower initial spacings required thinning to prevent mortality and maintain good diameter growth. Key words: red pine, density management, volume production, product mixtures

scholarly journals Consistency of Cone Production in Individual Red Pine

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 480-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Stiell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Crop Size ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Production Area

A plantation of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) produced heavy cone crops in 1970 and 1984. Established at 6.5 × 6.5 m, the stand was 18-years old in 1970 and still open-grown; crowns were closed before 1984. Cone production at the two dates was compared for 28 trees. While total production was similar for 1970 and 1984, distribution within the sample differed. Although 18% of the trees maintained their rank in 1984, some large changes in production ranking took place from one crop to the next. Despite a tendency at both dates for crop size to increase with current dbh, exceptions were evident and the largest trees did not necessarily bear the most cones. Crop size in 1970 was the variable most closely associate with 1984 crop size and was significantly correlated with it independently 1984 dbh. High cone production did not seem to depress tree growth, based on a comparison of 1970-72 basal area increment of more versus less prolific cone bearers. Before a stand has borne its first good cone crop, expectations for highest yields would have to be based on tree size. For subsequent crops, previous production by individuals would be the best guide. The two top cone bearers far surpassed all others in both crop years and would be the first individuals selected for seed trees in a seed production area.

scholarly journals Vérification de la qualité des travaux de contrôle du chancre scléroderrien en plantation

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Gaston Laflamme ◽  
Robert Blais
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Quality Of Work

Observations on the quality of interventions against the scleroderris canker were noted in 22 7- to 15-year-old red pine plantations located in the Ottawa region. Eight peculiarities have been identified for supervision during investigations. Verification of the quality of work is a necessary step towards successful interventions. Key words: Gremmeniella abietina, Pinus resinosa, Pruning, Ascocalyx abietina.

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