scholarly journals EVALUATION OF PLANT HISTOLOGY BY AUTOMATIC CLUSTERING BASED ON INDIVIDUAL CELL MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Guillemin ◽  
Marie-Françoise Devaux ◽  
Fabienne Guillon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Individual Cell ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Mosaic Image ◽  
Automatic Clustering

A procedure has been developed for the automatic clustering of plant cells observed by confocal microscopy. The contribution of cell morphological features to reveal histological regions has been investigated. Several adjacent images were acquired to visualise a representative region of the sample and a mosaic image was built. The cell size and shape and the cell wall thickness were quantified. The extracted features were used to automatically classify the cells into morphological groups. The technique made it possible to split the cell population into 8 groups mainly corresponding to histological regions of beet root.

Enrichment of vitronectin- and fibronectin-like proteins in NaCI-adapted plant cells and evidence for their involvement in plasma membrane-cell wall adhesion

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Kang Zhu ◽  
Jun Shi ◽  
Utpal Singh ◽  
Sarah E. Wyatt ◽  
Ray A. Bressan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Membrane Cell

Characterization of microstructures of SAN foam core using micro-computed tomography

2021 ◽  
pp. 026248932110068
Author(s):  
Youming Chen ◽  
Raj Das ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Mark Battley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Strain Localization ◽  
Cell Wall Thickness ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Average Cell Size ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
3D Images ◽  
Compressive Tests

In this study, the microstructure of a SAN foam was imaged using a micro-CT scanner. Through image processing and analysis, variations in density, cell wall thickness and cell size in the foam were quantitatively explored. It is found that cells in the foam are not elongated in the thickness (or rise) direction of foam sheets, but rather equiaxed. Cell walls in the foam are significantly straight. Density, cell size and cell wall thickness all vary along the thickness direction of foam sheets. The low density in the vicinity of one face of foam sheets leads to low compressive stiffness and strength, resulting in the strain localization observed in our previous compressive tests. For M80, large open cells on the top face of foam sheets are likely to buckle in compressive tests, therefore being another potential contributor to the strain localization as well. The average cell wall thickness measured from 2D slice images is around 1.4 times that measured from 3D images, and the average cell size measured from 2D slice images is about 13.8% smaller than that measured from 3D images. The dispersions of cell wall thickness measured from 2D slice images are 1.16–1.20 times those measured from 3D images. The dispersions of cell size measured from 2D slice images are 1.12–1.36 times those measured from 3D images.

scholarly journals Cell Wall-Related Bionumbers and Bioestimates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans M. Klis ◽  
Chris G. de Koster ◽  
Stanley Brul
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Turgor Pressure ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point

ABSTRACTBionumbers and bioestimates are valuable tools in biological research. Here we focus on cell wall-related bionumbers and bioestimates of the budding yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand the polymorphic, pathogenic fungusCandida albicans. We discuss the linear relationship between cell size and cell ploidy, the correlation between cell size and specific growth rate, the effect of turgor pressure on cell size, and the reason why using fixed cells for measuring cellular dimensions can result in serious underestimation ofin vivovalues. We further consider the evidence that individual buds and hyphae grow linearly and that exponential growth of the population results from regular formation of new daughter cells and regular hyphal branching. Our calculations show that hyphal growth allowsC. albicansto cover much larger distances per unit of time than the yeast mode of growth and that this is accompanied by strongly increased surface expansion rates. We therefore predict that the transcript levels of genes involved in wall formation increase during hyphal growth. Interestingly, wall proteins and polysaccharides seem barely, if at all, subject to turnover and replacement. A general lesson is how strongly most bionumbers and bioestimates depend on environmental conditions and genetic background, thus reemphasizing the importance of well-defined and carefully chosen culture conditions and experimental approaches. Finally, we propose that the numbers and estimates described here offer a solid starting point for similar studies of other cell compartments and other yeast species.

Z-Axis Calibration in Optical Sectioning from Xylem Cross Sections for Grain Angle Measurement

IAWA Journal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Ogata ◽  
Minoru Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Cell Orientation ◽  
Optical Sectioning ◽  
Grain Angle ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis

Optical sectioning using confocal microscopy may be problematic under some conditions due to contamination with light from outside the focal plane and resulting z-axis compression. These problems can affect quantitative wood anatomy, such as grain angle measurement. In the present report, the exact surface of xylem sections, z-axis scaling, and available scanning depth with confocal microscopy were determined in xylem transverse sections of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don). The optical section containing the sample surface was determined using power spectral analysis to find the sharpest image. Image cross-correlation analysis in serial transverse optical sections revealed that the optical sections above the sample surface showed no tangential shift with that of the surface, indicating the non-focal cell wall information. Optical sections using an oil immersion lens with oil and a dry lens without oil were compared. Optical sections with an oil lens were relatively precise while those with a dry lens showed a z-axis distortion of about ×1.5 due to the mismatch of refractive index. Therefore, the exact cell orientation angle without oil can be obtained by the two-thirds multiplication. Adequate cell wall information was available up to c. 80 μm deep.

scholarly journals Mitochondria Load Degree in Hepatocytes of the Classical Hepatic Lobules in Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Ioan Florin GHIURCO ◽  
Aurel DAMIAN ◽  
Vasile Florin RUS ◽  
Cristian MARTONOS ◽  
Maria Cătălina MATEI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Uneven Distribution ◽  
Hepatic Lobule ◽  
Intimate Contact ◽  
Functional Complexity ◽  
Liver Fragments ◽  
Pathology Of The Liver ◽  
Liver Cell Population

Hepatocytes represent the majority of the liver cell population and are arranged in the form of cords placed in intimate contact with the sinusoidal capillaries. The functional complexity corroborated with the intensity of the activity of hepatocytes requires large amounts of energy. The organelles involved in the production of chemical energy used in the activity of hepatocytes are the mitochondria. The purpose of this study was to verify the mitochondrial load of hepatocytes in all areas of the classical hepatic lobules, in order to indirectly assess the intensity of hepatocyte activity in each area. Materials and Methods Five fresh corpses of chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) from an independent breeder from Bistrița-Năsăud county were used. Liver fragments were harvested and fixated in Kolster’s solution for 24 hours, stained with Heidenhain ferric hematoxylin, and assessed using Olympus BX41 microscope. Fixation with Kolster's solution and the staining with Heidenhain's iron hematoxylin clearly shows the hepatocytic mitochondria in shades from gray to black. The liver lobules displayed an uneven distribution of mitochondria depending on the area. In zone 1 of the classical hepatic lobule, the degree of loading of hepatocytes with mitochondria is larger than in zone 2 and much larger than in zone 3. Morphological features of the hepatocytes, including the number and distribution of mitochondria in the hepatic lobules, should improve the understanding of the physiology and pathology of the liver.

scholarly journals Ionic Relations of Cells of Ohara Australis I. Ion Exchange in the Cell Wall

1959 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Dainty ◽  
AB Hope
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
External Solution ◽  
Exchangeable Cations ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Donnan Free Space ◽  
Isolated Cell

Measurements of ion exchange were made between isolated cell walls of Ohara australis and an external solution. Comparison between intact cells and cell walls showed that nearly all the easily exchangeable cations are located in the cell wall. The wall is hown to consist of "water free space" (W.F.S.) and "Donnan free space" (D.F.S.); the concentration of in diffusible anions in the D.F.S. is about O� 6 equivjl. This finding is contrary to past suggestions that the D.F.S. is in the cytoplasm of plant cells.

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