scholarly journals The formation of fungal associations in a mountain agricultural habitat of Trifolium pratense L. and Dactylis glomerata L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Dorenda
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Agricultural Habitat ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Soil Rhizosphere ◽  
Fungal Associations ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Mixed Crops

The communities of fungi in the soil, rhizosphere, planosphere and roots of <i>Trifolium pratense</i> L. and <i>Dactylis glomerata</i> L. were examined in pure and mixed crops. The plants were cultivated for four years under mountain conditions . The formation of these communities and the changes taking place in them depending on the plants and the years of culture were examined. No species pathogenic for clover and cocksfoot were observed in these mined. No species pathogenic for clover and cocksfoot were observed in these communities.

scholarly journals Effect of fungal communities from the environment of culture of Trifolium pratense L. Dactylis glomerata L. on fungi pathogennic for clover.

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Maria Dorenda
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Saprophytic Fungi ◽  
Sclerotinia Trifoliorum ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Soil Rhizosphere ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Thebiotic function of communities of saprophytic fungi in the soil, rhizosphere, planospohere and roots of clover, orchard grass and their mixed cultures in respect to selected pathogenes of clover was examined. The pathogens were <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>trifolii</i> and <i>Sclerotinia trifoliorum</i>. These communities were not able to resist <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>trifolii</i>. However, most of the components of these communities limited the development of <i>Sclerotinia trifoliorum</i>.

scholarly journals Allelopathic interaction between two common meadow plants: Dactylis glomerata L. and Trifolium pratense L.

Biologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-663
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Możdżeń ◽  
Beata Barabasz-Krasny ◽  
Alina Stachurska-Swakoń ◽  
Peiman Zandi ◽  
Joanna Puła ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Allelopathic Interaction ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

scholarly journals Correction to: Allelopathic interaction between two common meadow plants: Dactylis glomerata L. and Trifolium pratense L.

Biologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 665-667
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Możdżeń ◽  
Beata Barabasz-Krasny ◽  
Alina Stachurska-Swakoń ◽  
Peiman Zandi ◽  
Joanna Puła ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Allelopathic Interaction ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

scholarly journals RESULTS OF LABORATORY RESEARCHES OF THE SEED MIXER FOR PERENNIAL GRASSES

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Н.В. АЛДОШИН ◽  
А.С. ВАСИЛЬЕВ ◽  
В.В. ГОЛУБЕВ ◽  
А.А. ЦЫМБАЛ
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Mixed Material ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Проблема и цель. Целью настоящей работы являлась разработка эффективной конструкции перемешивающего устройства для приготовления посевного материала травосмесей, а также лабораторные исследования результативности работы смесителя. Методология. Для достижения цели объектом исследования выбран экспериментальный смеситель семян, позволяющий осуществлять высококачественное перемешивание семенного материала многолетних трав, отличающийся различными размерно-массовыми параметрами. В ходе проведения исследований была разработана и изготовлена работоспособная конструкция смесителя, защищённая патентом РФ, позволяющая осуществлять высококачественное перемешивание семян, характеризующееся также низким травмирующим воздействием на смешиваемые компоненты. Это, в частности, подтверждено результатами определения основных посевных характеристик – лабораторной всхожести и энергии прорастания, значения которых, как правило, только возрастали, что связано с оказываемым физическим воздействием на достаточно плотные семенные оболочки семян трав, способствующим в условиях достаточной влагообеспеченности улучшению их прорастания. Определение эффективности разных способов приготовления травосмесей осуществлялось инструментально при помощи литровой пурки, для чего до начала и после окончания процесса смешивания проводили определение натуры семян перемешиваемых культур. Результаты. Выявлено, что оптимальным эксплуатационным режимом для приготовления травосмеси, состоящей из клевера лугового, овсяницы луговой, тимофеевки луговой, а также ежи сборной и овсяницы луговой является восьмиминутное смешивание с частотой вращения рабочего органа 16 об/мин; смеси, состоящей из райграса пастбищного, ежи сборной, мятлика лугового – 12 минут при 16 об/мин; из райграса пастбищного, клевера ползучего, клевера лугового, тимофеевки луговой – 10 минут при 12 об/мин. Заключение. Реализуемая тенденция изменения объемной массы травосмесей в зависимости от режимов работы экспериментального смесителя объясняется, прежде всего, различными геометрическими параметрами перемешиваемого материала, что практически нивелирует возможность унификации процесса смешивания для смесей семян многолетних трав в целом. Следующим этапом является исследование качества полученных кормов в зависимости от пропорций перемешиваемого материала. Problem and purpose. The purpose of this work was to develop an efective design of a mixing device for preparing seed of grass mixtures, as well as laboratory studies of the efectiveness of the mixer. Methodology. To achieve the goal, an experimental seed mixer was chosen as the object of the study, which allows high-quality mixing of seed material of perennial grasses, difering in diferent size-mass parameters. During the implementation of the research work, it was developed, a workable design of the mixer was made, protected by a Russian patent, which allows high-quality mixing of seeds, which is also characterized by a low traumatic efect on the mixed components, which, in particular, is confrmed by the results of determining the main sowing characteristics- laboratory germination and germination energy, the values of which, as a rule, only increased, which is associated with the physical efect exerted on the sufciently dense seed coat of grass seeds, which, under conditions of sufcient moisture supply, improves their germination. Determination of the efectiveness of diferent methods of preparation of grass mixtures was carried out instrumentally using a liter purr, for which, before and after the end of the mixing process, the nature of the seeds of the mixed crops was determined. Results. It was revealed that the optimal operating mode for preparing a grass mixture consisting of Trifolium pratense L., Festuca pratensis Huds., Phlum pratense L., as well as Dactylis glomerata L. and Festuca pratensis Huds. is an eight-minute mixing with a working speed of 16 rpm, from Lolium perenne L., Dactylis glomerata L., Poa pratensis L.-12 minutes at 16 rpm; from Lolium perenne L., Trifolium repens, Trifolium pratense L., Phlum pratense L. – 10 minutes at 12 rpm. Conclusion. The realizable tendency to change the volumetric mass of grass mixtures depending on the operating modes of the experimental mixer is explained, frst of all, by diferent geometric parameters of the mixed material, which practically negates the possibility of unifying the mixing process for mixtures of seeds of perennial grasses as a whole. The next step is to study the quality of the resulting feed, depending on the proportions of the mixed material.

scholarly journals The communities of fungi occurring in the red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and red clover with cocksfoot grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivations on the lowland

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Truszkowska ◽  
Barbara Kalińska
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Knowledge of fungal communities within cultures of clover planted into barley and clover with cocksfoot grass may be used to evaluate the antiphytopathogenic potential of the environment. Observation of the lack of common pathogenic fungi and the sensitivity of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> populations to agroecological conditions indicates the possibility of influencing the healthiness of the clover by agrotechnical methods.

scholarly journals Valoración nutricional y emisión de gases de algunos recursos forrajeros del trópico de altura

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Edmundo Apráez G. ◽  
Arturo Gálvez C. ◽  
Carlos Jojoa R.
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Holcus Lanatus ◽  
Rumex Crispus ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Se determinó la producción de gases (metano, AGVs) en algunos forrajes herbáceos, arbóreos y arbustivos de la región lechera del municipio de Pasto, en altitudes comprendidas entre 2600 a 3200 m.s.n.m. Para ello, se tomaron veinte muestras de praderas, entre monocultivo y mezcla, y de otras plantas que utilizan como alimento del ganado, entre los que se destacan: Holcus lanatus L., Dactylis glomerata L., Trifolium pratense L., Trifolium repens L., Pennisetum clandestinum, Lolium sp, Taraxacum officinale, Rumex crispus L., Phalaris sp, Plantago major L., Avena sativa L. y Smallanthus pyramidalis. Estas plantas fueron incubadas con heces bovinas frescas, los gases generados por esta fermentación se cuantificó utilizando un transductor de presión conectado a un lector digital. Las mediciones se realizaron a las 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 y 72 horas del proceso. La validación estadística se realizó mediante un modelo de medidas repetidas las medias fueron ajustadas y comparadas según la prueba de Tukey - Kramer. La pradera en mezcla de H. lanatus, Lolium sp., P. clandestinum, y T. repens presentó la mayor producción de gas metano con 560 ml/ Kg MS, y el ensilaje de A. sativa, la menor con 30 ml/Kg MS. La mayor degradabilidad de materia seca (DMO) se observó en A. sativa con 62,84%, y la menor en la mezcla de Lolium sp., T. repens con 29,79%. La mayor DMO se dio en la mezcla de P. clandestinum, H. lanatus y T. repens, con 91,34%, y en P. major con 82,50%. Los valores más altos de ácido propiónico se observaron en P. major, en Lolium sp., y en la mezcla de H. lanatus, Lolium sp., P. clandestinum, y T. repens con 920, 860, 860 ml/L respectivamente.

scholarly journals Adaptación de mezclas forrajeras a diferentes niveles de enmienda y riego en Nariño, Colombia

2021 ◽  
pp. 538-555
Author(s):  
Paola Andrea Portillo López ◽  
Diego Hernán Meneses Buitrago ◽  
Elizabeth Lagos Burbano ◽  
María E. Duter Nisivoccia ◽  
Edwin Castro Rincón
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

Introducción. La ganadería de leche especializada del trópico alto de Nariño se enfrenta a diferentes limitantes, como la variabilidad y estacionalidad de la oferta forrajera. Objetivo. Evaluar seis mezclas de forrajes perennes, anuales y leguminosas, tres niveles de enmienda y dos niveles de riego en el trópico alto de Nariño. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se desarrolló entre diciembre de 2017 y noviembre de 2018, en el centro de investigación Obonuco de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar, con un arreglo de parcelas subdivididas. Se midió: vigor, altura, cobertura, número de hojas, incidencia de plagas, incidencia y severidad de enfermedades, deficiencias nutricionales y materia seca (MS). Para el análisis se empleó el software R V.3.6.0. Resultados. La asociación (gramínea y leguminosa) generó un efecto directo sobre el rendimiento de MS, cobertura y número de hojas, la mejor mezcla fue la compuesta por Dactylis glomerata, Trifolium repens L. y Trifolium pratense L. Para la variable altura los mayores valores los presentó la mezcla Tetrablend 260. La mayoría de tratamientos se mantuvieron en escalas sin daño y daño leve para las variables incidencia de plagas, severidad de enfermedades y deficiencias nutricionales. Conclusiones. Las mezclas de gramíneas y leguminosas presentaron ventajas comparativas frente al monocultivo de gramíneas puras, en cuanto a rendimiento de MS y variables agronómicas. En general, todos los tratamientos se mantuvieron en umbrales de daño mínimo y leve para las variables fitosanitarias.

A COMPARISON OF PROTEIN DEGRADATION DURING WILTING AND ENSILING OF SIX FORAGE SPECIES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 903-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. A. PAPADOPOULOS ◽  
B. D. McKERSIE
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Protein Hydrolysis ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Protein hydrolysis was examined during wilting and ensiling of first and second cut herbage of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). During a 24-h wilting period, protein was hydrolyzed to soluble non-protein nitrogen (SNPN) more extensively in first cut than in second cut herbage. In both cuts the amount of protein hydrolysis occurring during wilting was greatest in alfalfa and least in red clover. After 30 days ensiling at 30 °C, SNPN content, expressed as percent of total nitrogen, was influenced by forage species, dry matter (DM) content, and cut. The extent of protein hydrolysis during ensiling was highest in alfalfa and lowest in red clover. In first cut silages, protein hydrolysis increased with DM content, but in the second cut silages, protein hydrolysis decreased as DM content increased. The amount of protein hydrolyzed during wilting or ensiling was not correlated with plant proteinase activity measured using azocasein as substrate. Consequently, the properties of the plant proteolytic enzymes associated with each species as well as the management of the forage prior to ensiling appear to influence the extent of proteolysis.Key words: Proteolysis, silage, haylage, proteinase

Content and deposition rates of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin during regrowth of forage grasses and legumes

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Bidlack ◽  
D. R. Buxton
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Panicum Virgatum ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Switch Grass ◽  
Panicum Virgatum L ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Cell-wall (CW) components greatly influence digestibility of forages as they mature. There is only limited information on the timing of rates of deposition of CW components. This investigation examined differences in CW and CW component deposition in greenhouse-grown alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), birds-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). Plant material was sampled from the basal 10 cm of forage after harvesting at 3–5 cm above the soil level. Samples analyzed included sheaths from orchardgrass, sheaths and stems from bromegrass and switch-grass, and stems from all legumes. After establishment and herbage removal, samples were collected biweekly between 2 and 10 wk of regrowth. Results indicated that, except for orchardgrass, maximum rates of CW and CW component deposition usually occurred earlier in legumes compared with those of grasses. Maximum CW deposition for all species occurred within 1–3 d of maximum dry weight deposition. Among CW components in grasses and legumes, maximum deposition of hemicellulose occurred first, followed by that of cellulose (1–6 d later), and then lignin (up to 14 d after maximum hemicellulose deposition). Maximum cellulose deposition in all species occurred at the same time as maximum CW deposition.Key words: Cell wall, deposition, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, forage

scholarly journals The Allelopathic Potential of Cirsium oleraceum (L.) Scop. into the Fodder Meadow Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata BARABASZ-KRASNY ◽  
Katarzyna MOŻDŻEŃ ◽  
Anna SOŁTYS-LELEK ◽  
Alina STACHURSKA-SWAKOŃ
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Disturbed Habitats ◽  
Meadow Species

Due to easy vegetative and generative reproduction, the most part of the Cirsium species are considered as common weeds in different kinds of crops, on meadows and pastures. They owe their success in acquiring new area, both morphological and physiological characteristics, such as the production of allelopathic substances. An example the species within of the Cirsium genus, which may have the allelopathic properties, is cabbage thistle C. oleraceum (L.) Scop. It is a common meadow perennial plant, which in disturbed habitats quickly becomes expansive species, eliminating the other components of the flora. Such phenomenon is well-documented on the meadows of the Ojców National Park (Southern Poland). Therefore, it was investigated the effect of aqueous extracts of dried leaves C. oleraceum on seed germination, seedlings growth, the fresh and dry weight and the water content of the seedlings in three meadow species: Trifolium pratense L., Lolium multiflorum Lam. and Dactylis glomerata L. The results showed that C. oleraceum exhibits the allelopathic potential, which may have limited effect on the studied parameters of fodder species, but only when using high concentrations of extracts prepared from the leaves (15% and 20%). D. glomerata was the most sensitive on the C. oleraceum allelopathic substances.

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