Concentration of 8-isoprostanes in the exhaled breath condensate as a marker of oxidative stress in patients with type 1 diabetes

BACKGROUND Exposure to aerosols from metalworking fluids (MWF) has previously been related to a series of adverse health outcomes (eg, cancer, respiratory diseases). Our present epidemiological study focuses on occupational exposures to MWF and a panel of exposure and effect biomarkers. We hypothesize that these health outcomes are caused by particle exposure that generates oxidative stress, leading to airway inflammation and ultimately to chronic respiratory diseases. We aimed to assess whether MWF exposure, in particular as characterized by its oxidative potential, is associated with biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as genotoxic effects. OBJECTIVE The ultimate goal is to develop exposure reduction strategies based on exposure determinants that best predict MWF-related health outcomes. The following relationships will be explored: (1) exposure determinants and measured exposure; (2) occupational exposure and preclinical and clinical effect markers; (3) exposure biomarkers and biomarkers of effect in both exhaled breath condensate and urine; and (4) biomarkers of effect, genotoxic effects and respiratory symptoms. METHODS At least 90 workers from France and Switzerland (30 controls, 30 exposed to straight MWF and 30 to aqueous MWF) were followed over three consecutive days after a nonexposed period of at least two days. The exposure assessment is based on MWF, metal, aldehyde, and ultrafine particle number concentrations, as well as the intrinsic oxidative potential of aerosols. Furthermore, exposure biomarkers such as metals, metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrosamine are measured in exhaled breath condensate and urine. Oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostane, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine, nitrates, and nitrites) and exhaled nitric oxide, an airway inflammation marker, are repeatedly measured in exhaled breath condensate and urine. Genotoxic effects are assessed using the buccal micronucleus cytome assay. The statistical analyses will include modelling exposure as a function of exposure determinants, modelling the evolution of the biomarkers of exposure and effect as a function of the measured exposure, and modelling respiratory symptoms and genotoxic effects as a function of the assessed long-term exposure. RESULTS Data collection, which occurred from January 2018 until June 2019, included 20 companies. At the date of writing, the study included 100 subjects and 29 nonoccupationally exposed controls. CONCLUSIONS This study is unique as it comprises human biological samples, questionnaires, and MWF exposure measurement. The biomarkers collected in our study are all noninvasive and are useful in monitoring MWF exposed workers. The aim is to develop preventative strategies based on exposure determinants related to health outcomes. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR DERR1-10.2196/13744

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Early Effect Markers and Exposure Determinants of Metalworking Fluids Among Metal Industry Workers: Protocol for a Field Study

JMIR Research Protocols ◽

10.2196/13744 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. e13744 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nancy B Hopf ◽

Eve Bourgkard ◽

Valérie Demange ◽

Sébastien Hulo ◽

Jean-Jacques Sauvain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽

Metalworking Fluids ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Oxidative Potential ◽

Exposure Determinants ◽

Exposure Biomarkers ◽

Breath Condensate

Background Exposure to aerosols from metalworking fluids (MWF) has previously been related to a series of adverse health outcomes (eg, cancer, respiratory diseases). Our present epidemiological study focuses on occupational exposures to MWF and a panel of exposure and effect biomarkers. We hypothesize that these health outcomes are caused by particle exposure that generates oxidative stress, leading to airway inflammation and ultimately to chronic respiratory diseases. We aimed to assess whether MWF exposure, in particular as characterized by its oxidative potential, is associated with biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as genotoxic effects. Objective The ultimate goal is to develop exposure reduction strategies based on exposure determinants that best predict MWF-related health outcomes. The following relationships will be explored: (1) exposure determinants and measured exposure; (2) occupational exposure and preclinical and clinical effect markers; (3) exposure biomarkers and biomarkers of effect in both exhaled breath condensate and urine; and (4) biomarkers of effect, genotoxic effects and respiratory symptoms. Methods At least 90 workers from France and Switzerland (30 controls, 30 exposed to straight MWF and 30 to aqueous MWF) were followed over three consecutive days after a nonexposed period of at least two days. The exposure assessment is based on MWF, metal, aldehyde, and ultrafine particle number concentrations, as well as the intrinsic oxidative potential of aerosols. Furthermore, exposure biomarkers such as metals, metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrosamine are measured in exhaled breath condensate and urine. Oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostane, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine, nitrates, and nitrites) and exhaled nitric oxide, an airway inflammation marker, are repeatedly measured in exhaled breath condensate and urine. Genotoxic effects are assessed using the buccal micronucleus cytome assay. The statistical analyses will include modelling exposure as a function of exposure determinants, modelling the evolution of the biomarkers of exposure and effect as a function of the measured exposure, and modelling respiratory symptoms and genotoxic effects as a function of the assessed long-term exposure. Results Data collection, which occurred from January 2018 until June 2019, included 20 companies. At the date of writing, the study included 100 subjects and 29 nonoccupationally exposed controls. Conclusions This study is unique as it comprises human biological samples, questionnaires, and MWF exposure measurement. The biomarkers collected in our study are all noninvasive and are useful in monitoring MWF exposed workers. The aim is to develop preventative strategies based on exposure determinants related to health outcomes. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/13744

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Oxidative Stress Levels in Exhaled Breath Condensate Associated With COPD and Smoking

Respiratory Care ◽

10.4187/respcare.01302 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 413-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

H. Inonu ◽

S. Doruk ◽

S. Sahin ◽

U. Erkorkmaz ◽

D. Celik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Stress Levels ◽

Breath Condensate

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Malondialdehyde in Exhaled Breath Condensate as a Marker of Oxidative Stress in Different Pulmonary Diseases

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2011/891752 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

M. L. Bartoli ◽

F. Novelli ◽

F. Costa ◽

L. Malagrinò ◽

L. Melosini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Breath Condensate

Background. Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of many chronic inflammatory lung diseases. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection is a noninvasive method to investigate pulmonary oxidative stress biomarkers such as malondialdehyde (MDA).Subjects and Methods. We measured MDA levels in EBC in a large number of patients (N=194) with respiratory diseases: asthma (N=64), bronchiectasis (BE,N=19), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD,N=73), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF,N=38). Fourteen healthy nonsmoking subjects were included as controls.Results. Excluding IPF subjects, MDA levels were significantly higher in all disease groups than in control group. MDA was significantly higher in COPD than asthmatic and BE subjects. Among asthmatics, corticosteroids-treated subjects had lower MDA levels than untreated subjects. COPD subjects showed an inverse correlation between MDA concentrations and FEV1% (rho: −0.24,P<.05).Conclusions. EBC-MDA is increased in subjects with chronic airway disorders, particularly in COPD, and it is related to FEV1reduction.

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