People aged 60 and over - a challenge and an opportunity for the Polish social policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-159
Author(s):  
Józef Młyński
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Ageing Society ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

In an ageing society, over-60s’ problems take an important place in the social policy. The State should be prepared for various implications, both positive and negative, of the ageing of the population, and should treat the potential problems of citizens as a challenge and an opportunity for the development of social policy, and within its framework, the policy aimed at the senior citizens. The senior citizens, by all means, constitute an important age group. This type of policy should be focused on both early and late old age people, addressing their different needs and expectations. This article attempts to show the challenges and the role of social policy addressed to the seniors, both at the early and late old age, especially at the local community level. The impact of the article is analysed in the three dimensions described, i.e. a brief outline of the ageing of the population from a demographic perspective, social policy towards seniors at the early and late old age, the challenge the 60 and over pose to the local policy versus their resources.

Local Policy Discretion in Social Welfare: Explaining Subnational Variations in China's De Facto Urban Poverty Line

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Yu Guo ◽  
Alex Jingwei He ◽  
Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
The Social ◽  
Developmental Policies ◽  
Policy Arena

Abstract How do subnational agents exercise policy discretion in the social welfare sphere? To what extent do they do so as a result of various bureaucratic and fiscal incentives? The literature has documented several explanatory frameworks in the context of China that predominantly focus on the realm of developmental policies. Owing to the salient characteristics of the social policy arena, local adaptation of centrally designed policies may operate on distinctive logics. This study synthesizes the recent scholarship on subnational social policymaking and explains the significant interregional disparities in China's de facto urban poverty line – the eligibility standard of the urban minimum livelihood guarantee scheme, or dibao. Five research hypotheses are formulated for empirical examination: fiscal power effect, population effect, fiscal dependency effect, province effect and neighbour effect. Quantitative analysis of provincial-level panel data largely endorses the hypotheses. The remarkable subnational variations in dibao standards are explained by a salient constellation of fiscal and political factors that are embedded within the country's complex intergovernmental relations and fiscal arrangements. Both a race-to-the-top and a race-to-the-bottom may be fostered by distinctive mechanisms. The unique role of provincial governments as intermediary agents within China's political apparatus is illuminated in the social policy arena.

scholarly journals Polityka społeczna wobec ludzi starych w Polsce — uwarunkowania, rozwój i kierunki zmian

Ekonomia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Sylwia Wojtczak
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Older People ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Human And Social Capital

Social policy toward old people in Poland — conditions, development and directions of changesSocial policy shapes people’s living conditions. In the era of dynamic demographic changes, especially the aging of the population observed in Poland and across the world, the activity of the state focused on improving the quality of life of the elderly is particularly important. Population aging is a demographic process of increasing the proportion of older people while reducing the proportion of children in the society of a given country. Elderly people will continue to be a part of society, mainly due to the progress of civilization, advances in modern medicine and the popularization of so-called healthy living.Social policy toward the elderly should not be limited to managing the social security system and social welfare. Eff ective use of human and social capital of the elderly will be a growing challenge for this policy, and for senior citizens — spending satisfactorily the last years of one’s life. However, for some senior citizens, old age means or will mean poverty and living on the margins of civil society. The Ministry of Family, Labor and Social Polic y is responsible for the social policy of people in Poland, off ering for example in the years 2014–2020 to senior citizens such programs as “Senior +”, the Government Program for Social Activity of the Elderly ASOS or “Care 75+.” Each of the above programs have appropriate criteria that must be met to be able to use them. Are older people eager to use them, or are the eff ects of these programs already visible? This study will attempt to answer the above questions. The main purpose of the article is to diagnose and analyze selected government programs targeted at older people. In addition, perspectives for changes in social policy toward older people in Poland will be determined.

scholarly journals We Need to Talk about Impact: Why Social Policy Academics need to Engage with the UK's Research Impact Agenda

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHERINE E. SMITH ◽  
ELLEN STEWART
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Policy Relevance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

AbstractOf all the social sciences, social policy is one of the most obviously policy-orientated. One might, therefore, expect a research and funding agenda which prioritises and rewards policy relevance to garner an enthusiastic response among social policy scholars. Yet, the social policy response to the way in which major funders and the Research Excellence Framework (REF) are now prioritising ‘impact’ has been remarkably muted. Elsewhere in the social sciences, ‘research impact’ is being widely debated and a wealth of concerns about the way in which this agenda is being pursued are being articulated. Here, we argue there is an urgent need for social policy academics to join this debate. First, we employ interviews with academics involved in health inequalities research, undertaken between 2004 and 2015, to explore perceptions, and experiences, of the ‘impact agenda’ (an analysis which is informed by a review of guidelines for assessing ‘impact’ and relevant academic literature). Next, we analyse high- and low-scoring REF2014 impact case studies to assess whether these concerns appear justified. We conclude by outlining how social policy expertise might usefully contribute to efforts to encourage, measure and reward research ‘impact’.

6 Formal Requirements and Other Possible Bars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
McFarlane Ben
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Precise Nature ◽  
Statutory Provision ◽  
The Social ◽  
Formal Requirements ◽  
The Impact

This chapter considers more specific statutory and common law rules that may also seem to have the potential to deny, or at least affect, a claim based on proprietary estoppel. It therefore considers the effect of informality, incapacity, ultra vires, and illegality. The chapter focuses in particular on informality, as this is the area of most practical importance. In its interaction with rules as to formality, capacity, vires, or legality, proprietary estoppel is no different from any other legal doctrine: it will not be allowed to operate in such a way as to stultify or undermine the statutory or common law rule. The effect of a particular statutory provision on a proprietary estoppel claim will therefore depend on ‘the nature of the enactment, the purpose of the provision and the social policy behind it’; the same can be said for the impact of a non-statutory rule. The court will also have to consider the conduct of each of A and B and whether it would, overall, be ‘disproportionate’ to deny B’s claim. The precise nature of the claimed estoppel is therefore important.

scholarly journals The repeal of the retirement earnings test and the labor supply of older men

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
GARY V. ENGELHARDT ◽  
ANIL KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Labor Supply ◽  
Time Preference ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Liquidity Constraints ◽  
Older Men ◽  
The Social ◽  
Earnings Test ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Retirement Study

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of the Senior Citizens Freedom to Work Act of 2000, which abolished the Social Security retirement earnings test for those aged 65–69, on the labor supply of older men using data from the 1996–2004 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We use the fine structure of the 2000 Act to develop a new measure of exposure to the earnings test that varies across calendar years both by month and year of birth. We find that much, if not all, of the labor-supply response occurred for sub-groups of men who, either because of high mortality risk, high rates of pure time preference, or liquidity constraints, may have found the actuarial adjustment built into the earnings test relatively disadvantageous, particularly the lesser educated.

The sustainability of enterprise education: a case study in Hong Kong

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Wai Mui Yu ◽  
Thomas Wing Yan Man
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Enterprise Education ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce a case of an increasingly popular enterprise education programme in Hong Kong called the Teen Entrepreneurs Competition (TEC) and to examine its sustainability in different dimensions.Design/methodology/approachPost‐activity evaluation feedback was obtained from the participants and the stakeholders of the activity. Three systematic research studies were also conducted for investigating the impact of entrepreneurial characteristics and social interaction on the participants throughout TEC.FindingsParticipants and stakeholders generally provided positive feedback towards TEC. The research findings also showed that TEC was able to draw a positive impact on developing the participants' entrepreneurial characters and in turn made TEC sustainable on the provision of an enterprise education programme in the local community.Research limitations/implicationsIt is suggested that the sustainability of TEC is attributed to three dimensions, namely, opportunities for individual comprehensive understanding, context for collaborative learning, and network for institutional support.Practical implicationsSuggestions on how to further strengthen the sustainability of enterprise education programmes through these three dimensions are provided, for example, maximising individuals' practical experience, improving the quality of collaboration and developing a closer working relationship with various stakeholders.Originality/valueEnterprise education is recognised to have a significant influence on the development of entrepreneurial knowledge, skills and attitudes for youths. In order to widen the impact of enterprise education in society, it is necessary to sustain such enterprise education programmes over an extended period of time.

Dimensions of Impact in the Social Sciences

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Haux
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Impact Pathways ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research And Policy

Academics are increasingly required to demonstrate their impact on the wider world. The aim of this book is to compare and contextualise the dimensions of impact within the social sciences. Unlike most other studies of the 2014 Research Excellence Framework impact case studies, this book includes case studies from three different sub-panels (Sociology, Social Policy and Social Work and Politics and International Relations), which in themselves capture several disciplines, and therefore allows for a comparison of how impact and academic identify are defined and presented. The impact case studies are placed in an analytical framework that identifies different types of impact and impact pathways and places them in the context of policy models. Finally, it provides a comparison across time based on interviews with Social Policy professors who are looking back over 40 years of being involved as well as analysing the relationship between research and policy-making. This long view highlights successes but also the serendipitous and superficial nature of impact across time.

Science Parks from a University Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Malcolm Parry
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Social Business ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Science Park ◽  
The Social ◽  
Learning Region ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Changing Role

In the context of the changing role of universities and the increasing emphasis on their function in the regional economy, the author assesses the establishment and development of the UK's science parks from the universities' perspective. Identifying the science park as a key instrument for the successful engagement of a university with its local community, he looks at the impact of parks on the processes of invention, innovation, technology transfer, commercialization and enterprise. He then outlines the three strategies available to a university for involvement in science park development – from high to low cost and high to low control. Finally, the author considers the influences on successful park development of the social, business and technological environments. He concludes that the mission of universities, together with their changing role, requires them to be the cohesive force in the learning region. The science park is a means of turning this concept into reality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document