scholarly journals First record of Orsodacne altra (Coleoptera: Orsodacnidae) and Cyrtosus cyanipennis (Coleoptera: Malachiidae) associated to Dactylopius opuntiae (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) in Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (3 - Ahead of print) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Mohamed El Aalaoui ◽  
Mustapha El Bouhssini ◽  
Bouharroud Rachid ◽  
Sbaghi Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
First Record ◽  
Production Areas

Recently Dactylopius opuntiae Dactylopius opuntiae (Cockerell, 1896) (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) has caused enormous damage in several production areas of cactus in Morocco. The spread of infestation by this scale pest is fast and unpredictable, and consequently, the destruction of large areas planted with cactus in several regions of the Kingdom. In aim to discover natural enemies that have the capacity and potential to be used as mealybug predators, a team of researchers have conducted surveys in cactus production areas. In January 2020 two unidentified Coleoptera species were observed associated to D. opuntiae in an infested cactus crop in El-Gharbia locality. The observed species were identified as Orsodacne altra (Ahrens, 1810) and Cyrtosus cyanipennis (Erichson, 1840). The current study represents the first register of these two genera associated to cactus mealybug in Morocco.

scholarly journals Characterization of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Samia LAALA ◽  
Sophie CESBRON ◽  
Mohamed KERKOUD ◽  
Franco VALENTINI ◽  
Zouaoui BOUZNAD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
First Record ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Cruciferous Plants ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) causes the black rot of cruciferous plants. This seed-borne bacterium is considered as the most destructive disease to cruciferous crops. Although sources of contamination are various, seeds are the main source of transmission. Typical symptoms of black rot were first observed in 2011 on cabbage and cauliflower fields in the main production areas of Algeria. Leaf samples displaying typical symptoms were collected during 2011 to 2014, and 170 strains were isolated from 45 commercial fields. Xcc isolates were very homogeneous in morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics similar to reference strains, and gave positive pathogenicity and molecular test results (multiplex PCR with specific primers). This is the first record of Xcc in Algeria. Genetic diversity within the isolates was assessed in comparison with strains isolated elsewhere. A multilocus sequence analysis based on two housekeeping genes (gyrB and rpoD) was carried out on 77 strains representative isolates. The isolates grouped into 20 haplotypes defined with 68 polymorphic sites. The phylogenetic tree obtained showed that Xcc is in two groups, and all Algerian strains clustered in group 1 in three subgroups. No relationships were detected between haplotypes and the origins of the seed lots, the varieties of host cabbage, the years of isolation and agroclimatic regions.

scholarly journals Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Some European Countries: Diffusion, Hosts, Molecular Characterization, and Natural Enemies

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Nugnes ◽  
Stefania Laudonia ◽  
Giovanni Jesu ◽  
Maurice Gerardus Maria Jansen ◽  
Umberto Bernardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
First Record ◽  
New Host ◽  
Ladybird Beetle ◽  
Albanian Population ◽  
First Time

After the first record in 2008 in Southeast Italy, the alien invasive and quarantine pest Aleurocanthus spiniferus (orange spiny whitefly—OSW) has gradually spread throughout Europe, infesting several new host plants in addition to the known hosts. Molecular characterization of some Italian populations and a newly found Albanian population highlighted two different haplotypes invading Europe, belonging to one of the haplogroups previously recorded in China. A predator was recorded for the first time in several fields in Italy in association with OSW and other whitefly species. It was successively identified through a morpho-molecular characterization as a Nearctic member of the tribe Serangiini, the ladybird beetle, Delphastus catalinae. This predator represents a promising biocontrol agent to manage A. spiniferus outbreaks in Italy and other invaded countries.

scholarly journals Parasitism of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) by Strongygaster brasiliensis (Towsend) (Diptera: Tachinidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Fediuk de Castro-Guedes ◽  
Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez Dios ◽  
Lúcia Massutti de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
First Record ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis Pallas

Abstract. Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) is a Coccinellidae species originating from northeast Asia and used in biological control of aphids. As an exotic species is very important to know its natural enemies. Thus, this paper provides the first record of Strongygaster brasiliensis (Towsend)(Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitizing H. axyridis in Southern Brazil.Parasitismo de Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) por Strongygaster brasiliensis (Towsend)(Diptera: Tachinidae)Resumo. Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) é uma espécie de Coccinellidae originária do Nordeste da Ásia e utilizada como agente de controle biológico de afídeos. Como é uma espécie invasora é muito importante conhecer seus inimigos naturais. Dessa forma, este trabalho fornece o primeiro registro de Strongygaster brasiliensis (Towsend)(Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitando H. axyridis no sul do Brasil.

scholarly journals Oviposition, life cycle, and parasitoids of the spruce cone maggot, Strobilomyia anthracina (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), in the Alps

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Brockerhoff ◽  
M. Kenis
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
First Record ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Pupal Parasitoid ◽  
Pupal Parasitoids ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Prolonged Diapause ◽  
Strobilomyia Neanthracina

AbstractThe life cycle of Strobilomyia anthracina (Czerny) which exploits Norway spruce seed cones was investigated in 1992 and 1993 in the Alps at c. 1800 m at Torgnon (Valle d'Aosta, Italy) and Lac de Tseuzier (Valais, Switzerland) by sampling cones at fortnightly intervals. Oviposition occurred primarily singly in the basal third of cones at the beginning of June when cone scales were open for pollination. Infestation rates were higher when cone crops were poor. Most larvae left the cones in August to pupate in the litter beneath trees, usually at a depth of 1–4 cm. Prolonged diapause of pupae coincided with failed or poor cone crops. Parasitism was investigated at these two and 27 additional sites in the Swiss, French and Italian Alps. Among several hundred host eggs only one was parasitized by Trichogramma sp. (Trichogrammatidae). Among the larval-pupal endoparasitoids, the figitid Sarothrus areolatus Hartig was more common than an ichneumonid, Atractodes sp., but parasitism by both was commonly below 10%. Parasitism by an ichneumonid larval ectoparasitoid, Scambus sp., also rarely exceeded 10%. Puparia of S. anthracina that were buried in the litter to detect pupal parasitoids revealed the gregarious pteromalid Tritneptis sp. near lophyrorum (Rushka). This is the first record of a pupal parasitoid of Strobilomyia species. Information on the biology of the three larval parasitoids is presented. The potential for biological control of North American Strobilomyia neanthracina Michelsen and S. appalachensis Michelsen by importation of natural enemies of S. anthracina appears limited.

scholarly journals First record of double-edged sword effect of caterpillar-induced plant volatiles in nature

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf M. El-Sayed ◽  
David M. Suckling
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Plant Volatiles ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
First Record ◽  
Ternary Blend ◽  
Induced Plant Volatiles ◽  
Plant Volatile ◽  
Conspecific Adult

AbstractPlants release volatiles in response to caterpillar feeding that attract natural enemies of the herbivores, a tri-trophic interaction which has been considered an indirect plant defence against herbivores. The caterpillar-induced plant volatiles have been reported to repel or attract conspecific adult herbivores. Apple seedlings infested with Pandemis pyrusana larvae uniquely release five compounds (benzyl alcohol, benzyl nitrile, phenylacetaldehyde, indole, and (E)-nerolidol). These compounds and other known caterpillar-induced plant volatiles were tested to investigate the response of both herbivores and natural enemies. In field tests, binary blends of benzyl nitrile and acetic acid or 2-phenylethanol and acetic acid attracted a large number of conspecific male and female adult moths. On the other hand, a ternary blend of benzyl nitrile, 2-phenylethanol and acetic acid attracted the largest numbers of the general predator, the common green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea. This study provides the first record of caterpillar-induced plant volatile attraction to conspecific adult herbivores as well as predators under natural conditions.

scholarly journals First record of Heteropsylla tenuata from Argentina (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), and additional notes on other psyllid species

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (04) ◽  
pp. 142-144
Author(s):  
Carla BALIOTTE ◽  
Daniel A. AQUINO ◽  
Juan P. BOUVET ◽  
Gimena DELLAPÉ
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
First Record ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Relevant Group ◽  
First Time

The Psyllidae family is the most diverse within Psylloidea, with more than 1,300 species worldwide. Some psyllid species are important pests mainly of fruit trees, forest and ornamental plants. Despite being an economically relevant group, there are few studies on its biology, geographic distribution, natural enemies or host plant associations for many Argentinean psyllid species. This work records one species from Argentina for the first time, extends the distribution of another two psyllid species and provides information on host plants.

First record of four whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and their natural enemies in Lakshadweep Islands, India

ENTOMON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-306
Author(s):  
K. Selvaraj ◽  
B.V. Sumalatha ◽  
R. Sundararaj
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
First Record ◽  
Invasive Whitefly ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lakshadweep Islands

Four whitefly species including three invasive whitefly species viz., rugose spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Alyrodidae) on 10 host plants; Bondars nesting whitefly, Paraleurodes bondari Peracchi on seven host plants, woolly whitefly, Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) on guava and Bemisia euphorbiae (David & Subramaniam) on two plants were reported for the first time in Lakshadweep. Parasitoid, Encarsia guadeloupae Viggiani (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and predators viz., Pseudomallada (=Dichochrysa) astur (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Cybocephalus indicus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) were found associated with these whiteflies. Distribution of whiteflies along with their host plants and natural enemies in Lakshadweep Islands are given.

scholarly journals First record of Kermes echinatus on Quercus ilex

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Stathas ◽  
E. D. Kartsonas ◽  
P. J. Skouras
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Quercus Ilex ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
First Record ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Chilocorus Bipustulatus ◽  
First Instar ◽  
First Time

The scale insect Kermes echinatus Balachowsky (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae) was recorded on Quercus ilex in November 2012 in Kalamata and in December of the same year on the same host species in Athens. Quercus ilex is recorded for the first time as the host of this scale. This scale is first recorded in continental Greece. The population of the scale in both areas consisted mainly of first instar nymphs, whereas in Kalamata individuals of the scale in advanced developmental stages were recorded. Preliminary studies indicate that natural enemies are active against K. echinatus. Moultings of larvae and pupae and adults of Chilocorus bipustulatus L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were found on colonies of the scale. Parasitoid exit holes were recorded on female adults of the scale. Some data on morphology and infestation of the scale on Q. ilex are given.

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