DO THE PROVISIONS REGULATING THE TERMS OF EMPLOYMENT OF POSTED WORKERS, AS MANDATORY PROVISIONS, ENSURE THE PROTECTION OF THE EMPLOYEE?

2021 ◽  
Vol specjalny (XXI) ◽  
pp. 545-561
Author(s):  
Anna Rogacka-Łukasik
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Union Member ◽  
European Union Member State ◽  
Employment Relationship ◽  
Employment Relationships ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
Rome I ◽  
Conditions Of Employment ◽  
The Eu

All employment relationships, including strictly employment relationships, may be related to the legal areas of two or more countries, which raises the question of the law applicable to a specific legal relationship. The Rome I Regulation has a key importance in determining the applicable law to which the employment relationship is to be subjected. In this respect, the decree of Art. 8 of the Regulation has a fundamental importance, which was analyzed in the first part of this publication. However, the mechanism according to which the lex labori will be corrected by the provisions forcing their application, the issues of which are presented later in the publication, should be distinguished from the scheme presented in the above-mentioned regulation. According to the EU legislator, one of the matters of employment relationships regulated by such provisions is the standardization of the terms and conditions of employment of employees posted to perform work in the territory of a European Union Member State. Answers to the question whether it is appropriate to assign a nature of the rules enforcing its application provisions to this regulation (concerning the terms and conditions of employment of posted workers) has been made at the end of this publication.

scholarly journals Harmonization of chosen excise duty in the EU

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr David
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Member State ◽  
Union Member ◽  
European Union Member State ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Excise Duty ◽  
The Eu

The level and structure of cigarettes taxation are very much in the news these days. In the field of tax on cigarettes in the European Union there is the question of whether specific rate or ad valorem rate should be used. The choice between these two rates depends on primary aim of tax policy in each European Union member state. The founding is that differential excises could be used as pro­tec­tio­nist trade barriers. Decision about tax rate on cigarettes can bring some other related effects. That is the reason why European Union established some restrictions in the field of level and structure of cigarettes taxation.

scholarly journals A Cross-Country Measurement of the EU Bioeconomy: An Input–Output Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3033
Author(s):  
Kutay Cingiz ◽  
Hugo Gonzalez-Hermoso ◽  
Wim Heijman ◽  
Justus H. H. Wesseler
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Union Member ◽  
National Income ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Income Share ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

This paper measures the development of the national income share of the bioeconomy for 28 European Union Member States (MS) and 16 industries of BioMonitor scope from 2005 to 2015. The paper proposes a model which includes the up- and downstream linkages using Input-Output tables. The results show that for the majority of the MS the value added of the up- and downstream sector is at the band of 40%–50% of the total bioeconomy value added and has on average increased since the financial crisis.

scholarly journals A semi-quantitative model for ranking the risk of incursion of exotic animal pathogens into a European Union Member State

2021 ◽  
pp. 100175
Author(s):  
Roberto Condoleo ◽  
Rachel A. Taylor ◽  
Robin R.L. Simons ◽  
Paul Gale ◽  
Ziad Mezher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Member State ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
European Union Member State ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
Exotic Animal

scholarly journals Russian-German initiative tackles infectious diseases

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Collective Editorial team
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Member State ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Member States ◽  
Transnational Cooperation ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

Transnational cooperation is often essential when dealing with infectious diseases, and one challenge facing European Union Member States is finding ways to collaborate with partners outside the EU. An example of one Member State doing just this is the Koch-Metschnikow-Forum (KMF).

Civil and Commercial Cases in the EU: Jurisdiction, Recognition, and Enforcement, Applicable Law—Brussels Regulation, Rome I and II Regulations

2021 ◽  
pp. 264-288
Author(s):  
Julia Hörnle
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Recognition And Enforcement ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
Rome I ◽  
Brussels Regulation ◽  
The Eu

Chapter 8 examines the harmonized provisions on private international law in the EU. It discusses the conflict of law rules in civil and commercial matters contained in the Brussels Regulation on Jurisdiction and the Rome I Regulation (applicable law contracts) and Rome II Regulation (non-contractual obligations). It analyses their scope of application and the general and special rules of jurisdiction for contract and torts, and the law applicable to different types of contracts and non-contractual liability. It provides a general overview of the main aspects of private international law in the EU and how this applies in internet cases.

Comparison of Regulatory Requirements for Pharmaceuticals in Non- European Union Member States Kosovo, Ukraine and Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Shivani Jani ◽  
Nilesh Patel ◽  
Urvi Chotaliya ◽  
Ashok Patel
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Member States ◽  
Registration Process ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Regulatory Guidelines ◽  
Small Countries ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

Background: Literature review suggested that regulatory guidelines should be harmonized for better processing of applications and for the upliftment of the regulatory field. Therefore it was thought worthwhile to compare the guidelines for countries where there is requirement of harmonization. Kosovo, Ukraine and Serbia were selected because of being European countries and still they are not a part of EU. Introduction: Kosovo, Ukraine and Serbia are small countries of Europe but they are not members of European Union. They have their own guidelines for the submission of MAA for marketing of pharmaceuticals and medical devices. They are trying to obtain the EU membership and therefore it was worthwhile to compare the guidelines of these countries. Method: The registration process of pharmaceuticals in Kosovo, Ukraine and Serbia was studied throughly. Along with it, the guidelines for European Union were also studied. A comparison of guidelines of all the three countries with the guidelines of European Union for pharmaceuticals was carried out. Result: The comparison of guidelines showed that there are still some changes needed in the guidelines of Kosovo, Ukraine and Serbia before they can merge with the guidelines of European Union. Some of the points in the guidelines are very different from the guidelines of EU. Conclusion: So it was worthwile to study the regulatory requirements of pharmaceuticals in Non- European Union Member States Kosovo, Ukraine and Serbia.

Independence: In or Out of Europe? An Independent Scotland and the European Union

2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Happold
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Level ◽  
Question Mark ◽  
National Governments ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

There is a question mark over the future of the nation-state in Europe. National monetary policy has been transferred to the European level in most European Union member States. Over the next ten years the EU will have a stronger role in defence and foreign policy, immigration and law enforcement. The very policies that supposedly define the concept of national sovereignty are no longer the exclusive domain of national governments.

Getting in gear for global competition: pacts on employment and competitiveness in the EU automobile industry

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Zagelmeyer
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Employment Relationship ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Collective Agreements ◽  
Competitive Success ◽  
Plant Level ◽  
The Eu

During the 1990s, company or plant-level collective agreements on employment and competitiveness were forged at most car producers in the European Union. These pacts aim at maintaining or creating jobs and at improving the competitiveness of the plant or company in intra-conglomerate as well as inter-company competition. This paper analyses these employment pacts and discusses their implications for labour relations. It concludes that these pacts should not just be seen as examples of concession bargaining, but rather as emerging forms of cooperative labour relations, focusing on adjusting the governance of the employment relationship to the imperatives of joint competitive success.

scholarly journals Ukraine–EU Dialogue: ‘Homework’ on Reforms and Maintenance of Anti-Russian Sanctions

2019 ◽  
pp. 768-771
Author(s):  
Serhii Braha
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Kerch Strait ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

The article deals with the cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union and the coverage of events by Uriadovyi Kurier. It is noted that in 2019, European integration remains one of the priorities of Ukraine’s foreign policy. As a result, journalists pay considerable attention to various visits, summits, and meetings devoted to the issues of European integration of Ukraine. It is stated that in order to provide objective and timely coverage of these events, Uriadovyi Kurier sent its permanent correspondent to Brussels. The author emphasizes the relevance of such an important problem as Russian disinformation, especially during the 2019 elections in Ukraine and the European Union. It is noted that unlike in the European Union Member States, the spread of fake news and propaganda are part and parcel of the official state policy in Russia. The article substantiates the idea that the expansion of the European Union anti-Russian sanctions occurred after the attack on Ukrainian ships in the Kerch Strait, which took place in November 2018. Uriadovyi Kurier paid attention to this issue by writing about the working visits of then Minister for Foreign Affairs Pavlo Klimkin to informal meetings ‘Ukraine + Friends of Ukraine in the EU’ in Brussels. It is noted that the second meeting of the Brussels UkraineLab was one of the most extensive and notable events related to European integration. Equally is the fact of support for Ukrainian reforms and European integration of Ukraine in the European Parliament. Summing up, the author notes that European integration remains relevant for the new Ukrainian Government. Therefore, Uriadovyi Kurier will continue to monitor and inform its readers about all developments in this area. Keywords: Ukraine, European Union, Russia, sanctions, European integration, Uriadovyi Kurier.

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