Pembuatan asam lemak bercabang dari minyak kepoh

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Tirto Prakoso ◽  
Tatang H Soerawidjaja ◽  
Yoel Pasae

Oil from kepoh tree (Sterculiafoetida L.) seed kernel is a unique oil because it contains fatty acid which has a cyclopropenoid groups and has almost 90% of composition of the oil. The acid is called sterculic acid which has molecular formula C19H34O2. The fatty acids and derivates has an advance characteristic when it is used as cosmetics, lubricants, paint and plastic products. Its branched alcohol ester is expected as an additives for pour point depressant in fuel or lubricant. In this research, the sterculic acid has possibility to be converted to branched fatty acid methyl ester that is  10-methyl octadecanoic methyl ester through rearrangement of cyclopropenoid group and continued by hydrogenation of its double bond with Palladium catalyst. The product  characteristic is reported in each stage of processes in term of iodine number and saponification number. After hydrogenation for 5 hours, it's founded that iodine value for methyl ester is reduced until 2,84 and its saponification value increased up to 476.08. This is shown that saturated branched methyl ester has been formed.Keywords: Sterculia foetida L.kepoh oil, Branched Fatty Acid, Cyclopropenoid Group, Methanolysis, Biodiesel AbstrakMinyak dari inti biji buah pohon kepoh (Sterculiafoetida L.) tergolong minyak nabati yang unik karena komponen utama asam lemaknya adalah asam sterkulat yang berumus molekul C19H34O2 dengan rantai karbonnya mempunyai gugus cyclopropenoid. Asam sterkulat dapat dikonversi menjadi asam lemak bercabang yaitu  asam  10-metil  oktadekanoat C19H34O2. Asam-asam lemak ini atau turunannya dapat digunakan sebagai komponen racikan/ramuan yang melahirkan karakteristik unggul pada berbagai produk seperti kosmetik, pelumas, cat, dan plastik. Ester isopropilnya diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai bubuhan (additive), penurun titik tuang (pour point depressant) pada pelumas dan biodiesel. Pada penelitian ini, ditunjukkan bahwa asam sterkulat dalam minyak kepoh dapat dikonversi menjadi asam lemak bercabang yaitu 10-metil oktadekanoat dalam bentuk ester metilnya yang bercampur dengan ester metil lainnya, melalui rute metanolisis (transesterifikasi dengan metanol) minyak kepoh, dilanjutkan penyusunan ulang gugus siklopropenoid dan hidrogenasi ikatan-ikatan rangkap dengan katalis Palladium. Setelah hidrogenasi selama 5jam ditemukan bahwa bahwa angka iodium ester metil sudah tereduksi sampai 2,84 dan angka penyabunan meningkat sampai 476,08. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa telah terbentuk ester metil bercabang yang jenuh, yaitu 9-metil metilheptadekanoat dan 10-metil metioktadekanoat.Kata Kunci: Sterculia foetida L. kepoh oil, Branched Fatty Acid, Cyclopropenoid Group, Methanolysis,  Biodiesel

Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Kanth ◽  
Chandrawati Jee ◽  
Anit Kumar ◽  
Abhijeet Kashyap ◽  
Rupam Kumari ◽  
...  

Today’s developmental world needs large amount of energy. Due to the limited fossil fuel source, there is need of some alternate fuel sources among which biodiesel from vegetable oil widely practiced. There is an increasing interest in India to search for suitable low cost alternative fuels that are Eco friendly. Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable and non toxic fuel. In this paper an attempt has been made to study and compare the oil percentage and Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) components of three non edible oil seed plants abundantly found in Bihar, India. Oil from the seed kernel was extracted by solvent extraction technique through Soxhlet apparatus using n-hexane as solvent. Percentage oil content for Jetropha, Mahua and Castor are found around 76 %, 41% and 33% respectively. Further extracted oil were analysed by GC-MS for their FAME components. Palmitic, linoleic, oleic are most common fatty acid found among three.


2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jr Morris ◽  
Shardo Robert W. ◽  
Higgins James ◽  
Cook Kim ◽  
Tanner Rhonda ◽  
...  

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e0121697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk J. Grubbs ◽  
Jarrod J. Scott ◽  
Kevin J. Budsberg ◽  
Harry Read ◽  
Teri C. Balser ◽  
...  

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Biswadeep Pal ◽  
Tarun Kumar Naiya

Summary Pour-point depressants (PPDs) were synthesized from natural sources and used in waxy crude oil transportation to reduce the pour point and improve flow. A biodegradable PPD (BPPD) was synthesized and tested to mitigate crude oil flow assurance problems in the present work. The transesterification process was used to synthesize coconut oil ethyl ester (COEE, termed as BPPD). Fourier transform electron spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR), and microscopic analysis were performed for better understanding of mechanisms for both BPPD and a commercially available PPD named PPD-A. The pour point of crude oil was reduced by 12 and 9°C after the addition of 800 ppm BPPD and PPD-A, respectively. The microscopic analysis confirms that the crystals of wax converted to very fine and dispersed particles during mixing of additives, which in turn increase flowability. BPPD performs better to reduce interfacial tension than PPD-A. The maximum reduction of 19% in interfacial tension was observed after the addition of 800 ppm BPPD. BPPD alters the wettability of the pipeline surface from intermediate wet to water-wet within 60 seconds, which results in reduced slip velocity and consequently lessens the deposition of wax. As a result, crude oils will not stick to the wall of the pipe surface and will experience less resistance to flow through pipelines. FTIR analysis indicated that long-chain alkane and aromatic groups are responsible for a higher pour point, and their concentration level was reduced after the addition of BPPD. The viscosity of crude oil was reduced by almost 94% after the addition of 800 ppm BPPD with crude oil, which in turn minimizes pumping costs for crude oil. As a result, the total project cost was reduced substantially. Biodegradability tests confirm that the BPPD is biodegradable and nontoxic. Due to its biodegradability and nontoxic nature, BPPD has a promising capacity to be used in the petroleum industry for easier pipeline transportation of waxy crude.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document