scholarly journals Konstrukt, generalisering og held ved mundtlige eksaminer i gymnasiet

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Marie Isager
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Psychological Testing ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Oral Exam ◽  
Upper Secondary School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
The Subject

Danske gymnasieelever bliver – ligesom norske – eksamineret ved mundtlig præsen-tation og samtale om et udtrukket emne af deres lærer og en censor fra et andet gymnasium. Disse eksaminer undersøges ikke systematisk, og der forskes ikke i dem. Det samlede eksamensresultat er high-stakes og får konsekvenser for elevens fremtidige uddannelsesmuligheder. Artiklen undersøger centrale danske styredokumenter, der regulerer mundtlige danske eksaminer i gymnasiet ved at lægge et teoretisk blik hentet fra international anerkendt assessmentteori: Hvad intenderer eksamen at måle? Assess¬mentteoretiske begreber defineret af Standards for Educational and Psychological testing og Michael T. Kanes argumentationsbaserede tilgang til validitet bruges til at søge efter et konstrukt og slutninger i eksamenssystemet. Data er lovdokumententer samt læreplan og vejledning i historiefaget som eksempel i det almene gymnasium med et almendannende og studieforberedende formål. Dermed er artiklen et tillæg til Acta Didactica Norges temanummer vol. 12 nr. 4 om Test og eksamen i Sverige og Norge. Studiet finder, at konstruktet er vanskeligt at identificere. Antagelser om mundtlige eksaminer er ikke ekspliciterede i dokumenterne, og slutninger må analyseres frem. Eleven eksamineres i et dobbelt udtræk- eller samplingssystem: Eksamensfaget udtrækkes og emnet inden for disciplinen udtrækkes. Der etableres dermed en antagelse om vidtgående generaliseringsmulighed af testresultatet på tværs af fag. Det diskuteres om assessmentteori egner sig til diskussion af traditionsrige danske mundtlige eksaminer. Nøkkelord: mundtlig eksamen, assessment, konstrukt, gymnasiet, Danmark Construct, Generalization and Luck in Danish Oral Examinations in Upper Secondary School AbstractDanish and Norwegian upper secondary school students are assessed on their presen-tation and discussion of a sampled topic by their teacher (the examiner) and a teacher from another school (external examiner). These oral exams are not investigated systematically even though they are high stakes tests with considerable consequences for the students’ potential choice of further education. The article investigates the construct of the oral exam: What are oral exams intended to assess? Data are key law documents, the curriculum and the instructions given for the subject of History as an example. The documents are read with assessment theory as defined in the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing and Michael T. Kane’s argument-based approach to validity. The study finds that the construct is difficult to identify. No explicit arguments or inferences are found in the documents read, and inferences must be interpreted between the lines. Each student is assessed in a double sampling system: The subject is sampled, and the theme of the exam is sampled within the subject. The article shows a system built with inferences of extensive generalization from one score interpretation to potential other performances across the curricula. It is discussed whether assessment theory is adequate for the Danish educational traditions. Keywords: oral exam, assessment, construct, upper secondary school, Denmark

scholarly journals Being Able to Stay or Learning to Stay: a Study of Rural Boys’ Educational Orientations and Transitions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maria Stenseth ◽  
Unn-Doris K. Bæck
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Upper Secondary School ◽  
Upper Secondary Education ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
Educational Orientations

AbstractThis study explores the influence of geographical location on young pupils’ educational orientations and their transition from lower to upper secondary school; it pays particular attention to the voices of male youths from a rural area. More specifically, it investigates the interplay between gender and geographical contexts and the significance of these factors in understanding the processes associated with educational orientations. Margaret Archer’s framework is used to analyse how pupils’ agency is constrained and/or enabled by objective structures. The data material consists of qualitative interviews with 18 pupils transitioning from lower to upper secondary school in Norway. Each of the pupils was interviewed twice: first when they were in their last year of lower secondary education, and then during their first year of upper secondary education. The findings show that pupils consider geographical locations when making decisions about further education and work. In addition, they believe that education beyond compulsory schooling benefits their life in the rural areas. However, unlike their urban counterparts, pupils from rural areas appear to have a more constraining transition to upper secondary education. Through the analyses in this article, it becomes clear that both geographical location and gender are key factors for understanding processes connected to education.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the reflection-based reciprocal teaching approach for reading comprehension achievement in upper secondary school in Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tun Zaw Oo ◽  
Andrea Magyar ◽  
Anita Habók
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Reciprocal Teaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Secondary School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractThis study investigates the effectiveness of the reflection-based reciprocal teaching (RBRT) approach for Myanmar upper secondary school students’ reading comprehension in English. In the RBRT approach, the main frame is based on the reflective teaching model for reading comprehension (Oo and Habók in Int Electron J Elementary Educ 13(1):127–138, 2020), in which the reciprocal teaching method (involving questioning, clarifying, summarizing, and predicting) was applied. This study used cluster randomized trials. Two groups participated in the research: the experimental group, who were taught with the RBRT approach, and the control group, who were taught with traditional methods. Results showed that the RBRT approach has a strong effect on students’ English reading comprehension achievement. The experimental group increased its achievement on the posttest significantly, and the students’ results showed high effect size. It was also found that teachers’ reflection on the instructional context had a considerable impact on raising students’ reading comprehension achievement. The RBRT approach can be successfully applied in the classroom environment to develop students’ reading comprehension in English in Myanmar.

Identity in adolescence and emerging adulthood: relationships with emotional and educational factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Piotrowski
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Upper Secondary School ◽  
Lower Secondary School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Identity Statuses ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
Shame And Guilt

Abstract In the processual approach to identity, the role of the interaction between subjective and contextual factors in the process of its development is emphasized. Based on the model of Luyckx et al. (2008) relationships between identity and educational context, as well as the tendency to experience shame and guilt were analyzed.. 821 people aged from 14-25 and belonging to six educational groups: (1) lower secondary school, (2) basic vocational school, (3) technical upper secondary school, (4) general upper secondary school, (5) post-secondary school (medical rescue, massage therapy, cosmetology, occupational therapy) and (6) university, took part in the research. Two questionnaires were used: The Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS), to allow the measurement of the five dimensions of identity postulated by Luyckx et al (2008) and The Personal Feelings Questionnaire-2 (PFQ-2, Harder, Zalma, 1990) to measure of the shame and guilt proneness. The results show that general upper secondary school students in terms of the dimensions of identity are closer to lower secondary school students rather than to their peers from technical and vocational schools. Among general upper secondary school students not only was a higher intensity of an identity crisis observed, but also a strong tendency to experience shame and guilt. Among lower secondary school students and general upper secondary school students, people with diffusion and moratorium as identity statuses prevailed, while in the remaining groups the achievement and foreclosure identity were observed more frequently. A general relationship was also observed, namely, a greater tendency to experience shame was associated with a higher intensity of an identity crisis.

Trying to fit in – Upper secondary school students’ negotiation processes between sports culture and youth culture

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stine Frydendal Nielsen ◽  
Lone Friis Thing
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Youth Culture ◽  
School Context ◽  
Upper Secondary School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Sports Culture ◽  
Norbert Elias ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
Group Interviews

In this paper we present results concerning how students in a Danish upper secondary school negotiate between sports culture and the prevailing norms of youth culture in a local school context. The study shows that it can be rather difficult for young people to combine sports culture with the local youth culture, because living a healthy and physically active life doesn’t fit very well with the prevailing norms of youth culture, which involve a dominant social arena characterized by parties and alcohol. By applying the figurational sociology of Norbert Elias, this article shows that being included in a sports figuration can result in exclusion from the youth figuration. Young athletic students are therefore in a constant process of negotiation, where they struggle to fit into both sport and non-sport related contexts, because it is important to belong within both. The study is based on 16 focus group interviews [N=120] conducted over four years in one Danish upper secondary school.

scholarly journals Ligga steget före: Barnskötares yrkesomdöme åskådliggjort genom bedömningshandlingar

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enni Paul ◽  
Camilla Gåfvels
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Multimodal Interaction ◽  
Video Sequences ◽  
Upper Secondary School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Central Aspect ◽  
Upper Secondary

This study explores vocational judgement, which is discernible in the assessment actions of a supervising childminder directed towards upper secondary school students – while interacting with the children – during work-based learning in Sweden. The research aims to identify the characteristics of vocational knowing in terms of judgement, as exhibited in everyday interactions with children, by applying multimodal interaction ana-lysis to two video sequences from different Swedish preschools. The study findings show how vocational judgement – in the form of embodied discernment – is a central aspect of a childminder’s vocational knowing. Vocational judgement becomes discernible, for instance, in how supervising childminders are consistently one or several steps ahead of both children and upper secondary school students

scholarly journals The Instructional Design of an Online Learning Environment (RISSC) for Upper Secondary School Students’ Research Skills

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-182
Author(s):  
Louise Maddens ◽  
Fien Depaepe ◽  
Annelies Raes ◽  
Jan Elen
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Instructional Design ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Online Learning Environment ◽  
Upper Secondary School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Research Skills ◽  
Upper Secondary

In today’s complex world, the acquisition of research skills is considered an important goal in (upper secondary) education. Consequently, there is a growing body of literature that recognises the value of well-designed (online) learning environments for effectively supporting the development of this complex set of skills. However, a clear consensus on how these research skills can be facilitated is currently lacking. Furthermore, interventions aiming to foster these skills are often implemented in specific domains, mostly in physics, biology and chemistry. In addition, current approaches to facilitation often refer to only a few epistemic activities related to research skills. Because of the broad and (mainly) domain-specific character of research skills, the purpose of this paper is to articulate the instructional design considerations for an online learning environment for upper secondary school students’ (broad set of) research skills in a(n) (underrepresented) behavioural sciences context.

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