scholarly journals Sleep Strengthens but does Not Reorganize Memory Traces in a Verbal Creativity Task

SLEEP ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Landmann ◽  
Marion Kuhn ◽  
Jonathan-Gabriel Maier ◽  
Bernd Feige ◽  
Kai Spiegelhalder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Creativity ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Creativity Task

The impact of eye movements on a verbal creativity task

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 866-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica I. Fleck ◽  
David A. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Verbal Creativity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Creativity Task

What face familiarity feelings say about the lateralization of specific entities within the core system

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Gainotti
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Core System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
The Right

Abstract The target article carefully describes the memory system, centered on the temporal lobe that builds specific memory traces. It does not, however, mention the laterality effects that exist within this system. This commentary briefly surveys evidence showing that clear asymmetries exist within the temporal lobe structures subserving the core system and that the right temporal structures mainly underpin face familiarity feelings.

Retrieval from Memory or Procedural Strategies for Addition Problems

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Fanget ◽  
Catherine Thevenot ◽  
Caroline Castel ◽  
Michel Fayol
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Verbal Reports ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Simple Addition ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Addition Problem ◽  
Retrieval From Memory ◽  
Calculation Procedures

In this study, we used a paradigm recently developed ( Thevenot, Fanget, & Fayol, 2007 ) to determine whether 10-year-old children solve simple addition problems by retrieval of the answer from long-term memory or by calculation procedures. Our paradigm is unique in that it does not rely on reaction times or verbal reports, which are known to potentially bias the results, especially in children. Rather, it takes advantage of the fact that calculation procedures degrade the memory traces of the operands, so that it is more difficult to recognize them when they have been involved in the solution of an addition problem by calculation rather than by retrieval. The present study sharpens the current conclusions in the literature and shows that, when the sum of addition problems is up to 10, children mainly use retrieval, but when it is greater than 10, they mainly use calculation procedures.

Articulatory Rehearsal Is More Than Refreshing Memory Traces

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoji Nishiyama ◽  
Jun Ukita
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Recall Performance ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Verbal Information ◽  
Free Recall Task ◽  
Study Item ◽  
Phonological Representations ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Serial Position Curves

This study examined whether additional articulatory rehearsal induced temporary durability of phonological representations, using a 10-s delayed nonword free recall task. Three experiments demonstrated that cumulative rehearsal between the offset of the last study item and the start of the filled delay (Experiments 1 and 3) and a fixed rehearsal of the immediate item during the subsequent interstimulus interval (Experiments 2 and 3) improved free recall performance. These results suggest that an additional rehearsal helps to stabilize phonological representations for a short period. Furthermore, the analyses of serial position curves suggested that the frequency of the articulation affected the durability of the phonological representation. The significance of these findings as clues of the mechanism maintaining verbal information (i.e., verbal working memory) is discussed.

An Evolutionary Perspective on Mental Time Travel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Suddendorf
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Deliberate Practice ◽  
Time Travel ◽  
Mental Time Travel ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Scenario Building ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Archeological Evidence

This article examines the nature and evolution of mental time travel. Evidence for capacities in other animals is reviewed and evaluated in terms of which components of the human faculty appear to be shared and which are unique. While some nonhuman animals store episodic memory traces and can display a range of future-directed capacities, they do not appear to share the open-ended ability to construct mental scenarios, to embed them into larger narratives, nor to reflect and communicate on what they entail. Nested scenario building and the urge to exchange mental experiences seem to set human minds apart in this context as in many others. The article ends with a discussion of the archeological evidence for mental time travel, focusing on deliberate practice as an example of its tremendous fitness consequences.

scholarly journals Transfer effects in auditory temporal preparation occur using an unfilled but not filled foreperiod

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182199545
Author(s):  
Emily M Crowe ◽  
Sander A Los ◽  
Louise Schindler ◽  
Christopher Kent
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Warning Signal ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Temporal Preparation ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Current Block ◽  
Visual Domain ◽  
Multiple Trace Theory

How quickly participants respond to a “go” after a “warning” signal is partly determined by the time between the two signals (the foreperiod) and the distribution of foreperiods. According to Multiple Trace Theory of Temporal Preparation (MTP), participants use memory traces of previous foreperiods to prepare for the upcoming go signal. If the processes underlying temporal preparation reflect general encoding and memory principles, transfer effects (the carryover effect of a previous block’s distribution of foreperiods to the current block) should be observed regardless of the sensory modality in which signals are presented. Despite convincing evidence for transfer effects in the visual domain, only weak evidence for transfer effects has been documented in the auditory domain. Three experiments were conducted to examine whether such differences in results are due to the modality of the stimulus or other procedural factors. In each experiment, two groups of participants were exposed to different foreperiod distributions in the acquisition phase and to the same foreperiod distribution in the transfer phase. Experiment 1 used a choice-reaction time (RT) task, and the warning signal remained on until the go signal, but there was no evidence for transfer effects. Experiments 2 and 3 used a simple- and choice-RT task, respectively, and there was silence between the warning and go signals. Both experiments revealed evidence for transfer effects, which suggests that transfer effects are most evident when there is no auditory stimulation between the warning and go signals.

scholarly journals Gaze-pattern similarity at encoding may interfere with future memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie klein Selle ◽  
Matthias Gamer ◽  
Yoni Pertzov
Keyword(s):  
Interference Effect ◽  
Directed Forgetting ◽  
Visual Input ◽  
Pink Noise ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Gaze Patterns ◽  
Pattern Similarity ◽  
Memory Control ◽  
Human Brains ◽  
The Way

AbstractHuman brains have a remarkable ability to separate streams of visual input into distinct memory-traces. It is unclear, however, how this ability relates to the way these inputs are explored via unique gaze-patterns. Moreover, it is yet unknown how motivation to forget or remember influences the link between gaze similarity and memory. In two experiments, we used a modified directed-forgetting paradigm and either showed blurred versions of the encoded scenes (Experiment 1) or pink noise images (Experiment 2) during attempted memory control. Both experiments demonstrated that higher levels of across-stimulus gaze similarity relate to worse future memory. Although this across-stimulus interference effect was unaffected by motivation, it depended on the perceptual overlap between stimuli and was more pronounced for different scene comparisons, than scene–pink noise comparisons. Intriguingly, these findings echo the pattern similarity effects from the neuroimaging literature and pinpoint a mechanism that could aid the regulation of unwanted memories.

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