Vierzig-Prozent-Regel für mit der Personenwahl verbundene Verhält- niswahlen: Empirische Überprüfung einer praktischen Hypothese

Based on empirical data from German elections after WW II, 765 test instances are constructed to examine the forty-percent-rule . This rule states that all winners of single-seatconstituencies can be integrated into the proportional representation outcome provided the number of constituencies equals forty percent of the nominal size of parliament . While the traditional fifty percent share usually leads to overhang seats, a share of forty percent leads to overhang seats in only twenty-two of the 765 test instances .

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Salary Incentives, Corporate Risk Exposure and Financial Investment Based on the Empirical Data of China's A-share Listed Companies

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Economy, Judicature, Administration and Humanitarian Projects (JAHP 2019) ◽

10.2991/jahp-19.2019.67 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Wenshan Tang

Keyword(s):

Empirical Data ◽

Listed Companies ◽

Risk Exposure ◽

Financial Investment ◽

Corporate Risk ◽

A Share

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Research on the Relationship Between Reduction of State-Owned Shares and Enterprise Value—the Empirical Data from a-Share Listed Companies of China

Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management 2014 - Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management ◽

10.2991/978-94-6239-102-4_116 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 567-571

Author(s):

Yang Xiang ◽

Rong Fu

Keyword(s):

Empirical Data ◽

Listed Companies ◽

Enterprise Value ◽

The Relationship ◽

A Share

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Research on the Effectiveness of China’s A-share Main Board Market

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202123501031 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 235 ◽

pp. 01031

Author(s):

Yekai Li

Keyword(s):

Stock Market ◽

Financial Market ◽

National Economy ◽

Empirical Data ◽

Measurement Method ◽

Composite Index ◽

Mainland China ◽

Capital Allocation ◽

Important Indicator ◽

A Share

The effectiveness of the stock market is an important indicator to measure the efficiency of capital allocation in the secondary financial market, and is of great significance to the operation of the national economy. Whether the Mainland China’s stock market is weakly effective has always been controversial. This article uses the measurement method to conduct empirical data research on the five randomly selected stocks and the Shanghai Composite Index, analyzes the conclusions and analyzes the underlying reasons that lead to the low effectiveness of the Mainland China stock market.

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An empirical review of gambling expansion and gambling-related harm

SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice ◽

10.1024/0939-5911/a000563 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (5-6) ◽

pp. 295-306 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Debi A. LaPlante ◽

Heather M. Gray ◽

Pat M. Williams ◽

Sarah E. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Peer Review ◽

Empirical Data ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Expansion Method ◽

Responsible Gambling ◽

Review Literature ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Empirical Comparison ◽

Related Harm

Abstract. Aims: To discuss and review the latest research related to gambling expansion. Method: We completed a literature review and empirical comparison of peer reviewed findings related to gambling expansion and subsequent gambling-related changes among the population. Results: Although gambling expansion is associated with changes in gambling and gambling-related problems, empirical studies suggest that these effects are mixed and the available literature is limited. For example, the peer review literature suggests that most post-expansion gambling outcomes (i. e., 22 of 34 possible expansion outcomes; 64.7 %) indicate no observable change or a decrease in gambling outcomes, and a minority (i. e., 12 of 34 possible expansion outcomes; 35.3 %) indicate an increase in gambling outcomes. Conclusions: Empirical data related to gambling expansion suggests that its effects are more complex than frequently considered; however, evidence-based intervention might help prepare jurisdictions to deal with potential consequences. Jurisdictions can develop and evaluate responsible gambling programs to try to mitigate the impacts of expanded gambling.

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Under- and Over-Estimation

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000064 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 39-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Virginie Crollen ◽

Julie Castronovo ◽

Xavier Seron

Keyword(s):

Empirical Data ◽

Accurate Estimation ◽

Numerical Estimation ◽

Production Task ◽

Estimation Task ◽

Reproduction Task ◽

Perception Task ◽

Adult Participants ◽

Mapping Hypothesis ◽

Task Perception

Over the last 30 years, numerical estimation has been largely studied. Recently, Castronovo and Seron (2007) proposed the bi-directional mapping hypothesis in order to account for the finding that dependent on the type of estimation task (perception vs. production of numerosities), reverse patterns of performance are found (i.e., under- and over-estimation, respectively). Here, we further investigated this hypothesis by submitting adult participants to three types of numerical estimation task: (1) a perception task, in which participants had to estimate the numerosity of a non-symbolic collection; (2) a production task, in which participants had to approximately produce the numerosity of a symbolic numerical input; and (3) a reproduction task, in which participants had to reproduce the numerosity of a non-symbolic numerical input. Our results gave further support to the finding that different patterns of performance are found according to the type of estimation task: (1) under-estimation in the perception task; (2) over-estimation in the production task; and (3) accurate estimation in the reproduction task. Moreover, correlation analyses revealed that the more a participant under-estimated in the perception task, the more he/she over-estimated in the production task. We discussed these empirical data by showing how they can be accounted by the bi-directional mapping hypothesis ( Castronovo & Seron, 2007 ).

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