scholarly journals Tubulohelical Membrane Arrays, Annulate Lamellae and Nuclear Pores: Tripartite Membrane Architecture with the Participation of Nucleoporins

10.5772/33379 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegfried Reipert ◽  
Elena Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Nuclear Pores ◽  
Membrane Architecture

Functioning microvillous adenoma of the parathyroid gland containing nuclear pores and annulate lamellae

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aguilar-Parada ◽  
A. González-Angulo ◽  
L. Del Peón ◽  
E. Mravko
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Gland ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Nuclear Pores

Assembly of nuclear pore complexes and annulate lamellae promotes normal pronuclear development in fertilized mammalian oocytes

1998 ◽  
Vol 111 (19) ◽  
pp. 2841-2854 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sutovsky ◽  
C. Simerly ◽  
L. Hewitson ◽  
G. Schatten
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Nuclear Pore ◽  
Nuclear Pore Complexes ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Oocyte Activation ◽  
Nuclear Pores ◽  
Microtubule Inhibitor ◽  
Cytoplasmic Transport ◽  
Oocyte Cytoplasm ◽  
Pore Complexes

In addition to functional nuclear pore complexes engaged in nucleo-cytoplasmic transport, the cytoplasmic stacks of pore complexes, called annulate lamellae, exist in numerous cell types. Although both annulate lamellae and nuclear pore complexes are present in fertilized mammalian oocytes, their relative roles in the process of fertilization and preimplantation development are not known. Using epifluorescence and electron microscopy, we explored their fate during bovine fertilization. The assembly of annulate lamellae in bovine oocytes was triggered by sperm-oocyte binding and continued concomitantly with the incorporation of the nuclear pores in the nuclear envelopes of the developing male and female pronuclei. This process was also induced by the parthenogenetic activation of metaphase-II-arrested oocytes. Depletion of Ca2+, previously implicated in oocyte activation and in the insertion of pore complexes into the nuclear envelope, prevented the formation of nuclear pore complexes, but not the assembly of annulate lamellae in oocyte cytoplasm. Injection of the nuclear pore antagonist, wheat germ agglutinin, into the cytoplasm of mature oocytes that were subsequently fertilized caused the arrest of pronuclear development, indicating the requirement of nuclear pore complexes for normal pronuclear development. Treatment of the fertilized oocytes with the microtubule inhibitor, nocodazole, prevented gathering of annulate lamellae around the developing pronuclei, insertion of nuclear pores into their nuclear envelopes, and further pronuclear development. The formation of the male pronuclei was reconstituted in Xenopus egg extracts and reflected the behavior of nuclear pores during natural fertilization. These data suggest that nuclear pore complexes are required for normal pronuclear development from its beginning up until pronuclear apposition. Annulate lamellae may be involved in the turnover of nuclear pore complexes during fertilization, which is in turn facilitated by the reorganization of oocyte microtubules and influx of Ca2+ into oocyte cytoplasm.

scholarly journals Are annulate lamellae in the Drosophila embryo the result of overproduction of nuclear pore components?

1984 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 699-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Stafstrom ◽  
L A Staehelin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Nuclear Pore ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Nuclear Pores ◽  
Eucaryotic Cell ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Cytoplasmic Organelles

Annulate lamellae are cytoplasmic organelles composed of stacked sheets of membrane containing pores that are structurally indistinguishable from nuclear pores. The functions of annulate lamellae are not well understood. Although they may be found in virtually any eucaryotic cell, they occur most commonly in transformed and embryonic tissues. In Drosophila, annulate lamellae are found in the syncytial blastoderm embryo as it is cleaved to form the cellular blastoderm. The cytological events of the cellularization process are well documented, and may be used as temporal landmarks when studying changes in annulate lamellae. By using morphometric techniques to analyze electron micrographs of embryos, we are able to calculate the number of pores per nucleus in nuclear envelopes and annulate lamellae during progressive stages of cellularization. We find that annulate lamellae pores remain at a low level while nuclear envelopes are expanding and acquiring pores in early interphase. Once nuclear envelopes are saturated with pores, however, the number of annulate lamellae pores increases more than 10-fold in 9 min. Over the next 30 min it gradually declines to the initial low level. On the basis of these results, we propose (a) that pore synthesis and assembly continues after nuclear envelopes have been saturated with pores; (b) that these supernumerary pores accumulate transiently in cytoplasmic annulate lamellae; and (c) that because these pores are not needed by the embryo they are subsequently degraded.

scholarly journals THE RABBIT ZYGOTE

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bela J. Gulyas
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Nuclear Pores ◽  
Late Anaphase ◽  
Dense Nucleus

The formation of the blastomere nucleus was examined in the rabbit zygote with the electron microscope. In late anaphase the chromosomes are bare and vesicles of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum are numerous in the vicinity of the chromosomes. In early telophase individual chromosomes attain their own nuclear envelope and they are called karyomeres. The envelope of the karyomeres contains small gaps within it at several places where the chromatin is exposed to the cytoplasm. Nuclear pores are also observed. In the cytoplasm short annulate lamellae appear adjacent to the karyomeres, and clusters of punctate substance are also present. From early telophase onward the karyomeres extend pseudopod-like structures, called karyopods, which extend toward other karyomeres or karyopods, and consequently fuse together and serve as chromosomal bridges. Eventually all of the karyomeres fuse into a dense nucleus and decondensation of the chromosomes occurs.

Fine-structural studies of the gametes and embryo of Fucus vesiculosus L. (Phaeophyta). III. Cytokinesis and the multicellular embryo

1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-294
Author(s):  
S.H. Brawley ◽  
R.S. Quatrano ◽  
R. Wetherbee
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Daughter Cell ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Nuclear Pores ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Golgi Bodies ◽  
Daughter Cells

Condensation of the chromosomes during the first cell division following fertilization of the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus L. is accompanied by the almost complete disappearance of the nuclear envelope. Golgi vesicles and other small vesicles appear within the spindle, which has paired centrioles at each end. A large amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum is in the surrounding cytoplasm during mitosis, and many vesicles at the spindle margin are encircled by stacks of endoplasmic reticulum. Annulate lamellae are observed during mitosis. The envelope which initially reforms around the chromatin in telophase has unevenly spaced nuclear pores. Cytokinesis results primarily by vesicle addition to a centripetal furrow. Mitochondria and chloroplasts concentrate around the partition site, possibly in association with microfilaments. Fibrillar material is added rapidly to the space between the daughter cells from vesicle discharge of both cells and seems to spread into the older cell wall surrounding the embryo. The rhizoid daughter cell contains numerous mitochondria and hypertrophied Golgi bodies whose vesicles increasingly pack the cell. The thallus daughter cell is packed with a variety of vesicles, and the nucleus is surrounded by many dilated cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum. By the four-cell stage, chloroplasts of the rhizoid cells have weakly staining lamellae, while chloroplasts of the thallus cells are actively dividing with deeply staining lamellae.

Annulate lamellae in spermatogenous cells of Lycopodium obscurum

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-556
Author(s):  
John R. Palisano ◽  
Karen Sue Renzaglia ◽  
Angel Renee Maden ◽  
Dean P. Whittier
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Nuclear Pores ◽  
Spatial Associations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Spermatogenous Cells

The existence of annulate lamellae is detailed for the first time in the ultrastructure of a plant flagellated cell lineage. In early spermatogenous cells of Lycopodium obscurum, annulate lamellae are abundant and located adjacent to either the nucleus or plastid. Individual organelles consist of 1–11 parallel cisternae bearing tightly compacted pores that are similar in size and substructure to nuclear pores. In cross section, the pores measure 95–130 nm in diameter. Frequently, endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the annulate lamellae cisternae. The existence of annulate lamellae in Lycopodium extends the known distribution of these organelles to rapidly proliferating spermatogenous tissue of seedless plants. Moreover, spatial associations between annulate lamellae and plastids are reported for the first time in any plant tissue. Key words: Annulate lamellae, Lycopodium, plastid, "pteridophyte," spermatogenesis, ultrastructure.

Linear Arrays of Helical Polyribosomes in Cells Exposed to Antitumor Drug Vincristine Sulfate

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 358-359
Author(s):  
Awtar Krishan
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Large Array ◽  
Vincristine Sulfate ◽  
Linear Arrays ◽  
Golgi Membranes ◽  
Related Drug ◽  
Drug Leads ◽  
Lethal Doses ◽  
Vinblastine Sulfate

Earle's L-929 fibroblasts treated with mitosis-arresting but sub-lethal doses of vinblastine sulfate (VLB) show hypertrophy of the granular endoplasmic reticulum and annulate lamellae. Exposure of the cells to heavier doses of vincristine sulfate (VCR), a VLB-related drug, leads to the accumulation of large amounts of helical polyribosomes, Golgi membranes and crystals in the cytoplasm. In many of these cells a large number of helical polyribosomes are arranged in prominent linear rows, some of which may be up to 5 micrometers in length. Figure 1 shows a large array of helical polyribosomes near a crystalline mass (CRS) in an Earle's L-929 fibroblast exposed to VCR (5ϒ/ml.) for 3 hours At a higher magnification, as seen in figure 2, the helical polyribosomes are seen arranged in parallel rows. In favorably cut sections, a prominent backbone like "stalk" of finely granular material, measuring approximately 300Å in width is seen in close association with the linear rows of helical polyribosomes.

Membranous alterations in the cytoplasm and nucleus in a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the brain

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 628-629
Author(s):  
C. N. Sun ◽  
C. Araoz ◽  
H. J. White
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
The Brain

The ultrastructure of a cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumor has been reported previously. In the present case, we will present some unusual previously unreported membranous structures and alterations in the cytoplasm and nucleus of the tumor cells.Specimens were cut into small pieces about 1 mm3 and immediately fixed in 4% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer for two hours, then post-fixed in 1% buffered osmium tetroxide for one hour. After dehydration, tissues were embedded in Epon 812. Thin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.In the cytoplasm of the tumor cells, we found paired cisternae (Fig. 1) and annulate lamellae (Fig. 2) noting that the annulate lamellae were sometimes associated with the outer nuclear envelope (Fig. 3). These membranous structures have been reported in other tumor cells. In our case, mitochondrial to nuclear envelope fusions were often noted (Fig. 4). Although this phenomenon was reported in an oncocytoma, their frequency in the present study is quite striking.

The Formation, Structure, Distribution and Frequency of Nuclear Pores

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 518-519
Author(s):  
G. G. Maul
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Pore Complex ◽  
Nuclear Membrane ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Nuclear Pore ◽  
Nuclear Pores ◽  
Filter Function ◽  
Etching Technique ◽  
Selective Filter ◽  
Membranous Part

The chromatin of eukaryotic cells is separated from the cytoplasm by a double membrane. One obvious structural specialization of the nuclear membrane is the presence of pores which have been implicated to facilitate the selective nucleocytoplasmic exchange of a variety of large molecules. Thus, the function of nuclear pores has mainly been regarded to be a passive one. Non-membranous diaphragms, radiating fibers, central rings, and other pore-associated structures were thought to play a role in the selective filter function of the nuclear pore complex. Evidence will be presented that suggests that the nuclear pore is a dynamic structure which is non-randomly distributed and can be formed during interphase, and that a close relationship exists between chromatin and the membranous part of the nuclear pore complex.Octagonality of the nuclear pore complex has been confirmed by a variety of techniques. Using the freeze-etching technique, it was possible to show that the membranous part of the pore complex has an eight-sided outline in human melanoma cells in vitro. Fibers which traverse the pore proper at its corners are continuous and indistinguishable from chromatin at the nucleoplasmic side, as seen in conventionally fixed and sectioned material. Chromatin can be seen in octagonal outline if serial sections are analyzed which are parallel but do not include nuclear membranes (Fig. 1). It is concluded that the shape of the pore rim is due to fibrous material traversing the pore, and may not have any functional significance. In many pores one can recognize a central ring with eight fibers radiating to the corners of the pore rim. Such a structural arrangement is also found to connect eight ribosomes at the nuclear membrane.

Annulate lamellae in the Sertoli cells of guinea pig testis after unilateral torsion of the spermatic cord

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
J. Chakraborty ◽  
A. P. Sinha Hikim ◽  
J. S. Jhunjhunwala
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Spermatic Cord ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
First Time

Although the presence of annulate lamellae was noted in many cell types, including the rat spermatogenic cells, this structure was never reported in the Sertoli cells of any rodent species. The present report is based on a part of our project on the effect of torsion of the spermatic cord to the contralateral testis. This paper describes for the first time, the fine structural details of the annulate lamellae in the Sertoli cells of damaged testis from guinea pigs.One side of the spermatic cord of each of six Hartly strain adult guinea pigs was surgically twisted (540°) under pentobarbital anesthesia (1). Four months after induction of torsion, animals were sacrificed, testes were excised and processed for the light and electron microscopic investigations. In the damaged testis, the majority of seminiferous tubule contained a layer of Sertoli cells with occasional spermatogonia (Fig. 1). Nuclei of these Sertoli cells were highly pleomorphic and contained small chromatinic clumps adjacent to the inner aspect of the nuclear envelope (Fig. 2).

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