Acetogenic Pretreatment as an Energy Efficient Method for Treatment of Textile Processing Wastewater

This chapter will introduce the concept of a novel application of acetogenic pretreatment of textile processing wastewater. Acetogenic pretreatment is traditionally limited to high solids, easy to degrade wastewater to enhance degradation for methane generation. The application of the acetogenic process to a complex wastewater from textile processing facilities is novel and has the potential to remove color, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand in an energy efficient manner compared to the existing extended aeration processes applied in the industry. The application of the acetogenic process can be achieved to existing treatment facilities with minimum retrofit. The acetogenic operation will ensure the treatment process becoming greener with a small carbon footprint to achieve the goal of efficient wastewater treatment.

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Simulation of Effluent Biological Oxygen Demand and Ammonia for Increasingly Decentralized Networks of Wastewater Treatment Facilities

Environmental Engineering Science ◽

10.1089/ees.2014.0407 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 232-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Scott R. Weirich ◽

JoAnn Silverstein ◽

Balaji Rajagopalan

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Biological Oxygen Demand ◽

Decentralized Networks ◽

Treatment Facilities

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PERFORMANSI INSTALASI PENGOLAH AIR LIMBAH TAMBAK SUPERINTENSIF

Media Akuakultur ◽

10.15578/ma.12.2.2017.95-103 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 95 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rachman Syah ◽

Mat Fahrur ◽

Hidayat Suryanto Suwoyo ◽

Makmur Makmur

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Retention Time ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Biological Oxygen Demand ◽

Total N ◽

Organic Matters ◽

Shrimp Farm ◽

Long Line

Pengolahan air buangan tambak superintensif (TSI) adalah usaha untuk mengurangi beban bahan pencemar yang terkandung di dalam air buangan TSI sehingga aman dan tidak membahayakan saat dibuang ke lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi desain dan performansi Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) dalam memperbaiki kualitas air buangan TSI sebelum dibuang ke badan air. IPAL terdiri atas kolam sedimentasi, dua kolam aerasi, dan satu kolam penampungan. Ke dalam kolam penampungan ditebari ikan mujair serta rumput laut Gracilaria sp. yang dibudidayakan dengan metode long line, berfungsi sebagai biokontrol. Sampel air diambil di bagian inlet IPAL, oulet kolam sedimentasi atau inlet kolam aerasi-1, outlet kolam aerasi-1 atau inlet kolam aerasi-2, outlet kolam aerasi-2 atau inlet kolam penampungan, serta outlet kolam penampungan, setiap dua minggu selama 105 hari pemeliharaan. Parameter yang diukur adalah total padatan tersuspensi (TSS), total amonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrit, nitrat, fosfat, bahan organik terlarut (BOT), dan biological oxygen demand (BOD-5). Spesifikasi teknis IPAL yang diamati meliputi ukuran dan volume IPAL, volume dan waktu tinggal air buangan tambak, dan efisiensi kinerja IPAL, serta rasio volume IPAL dan volume total air tambak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IPAL dapat mengurangi beban bahan pencemar dengan tingkat efisiensi antara 53,1%-99,4%; namun masih diperlukan peningkatan kapasitas dalam mengurangi konsentrasi BOT. IPAL menghasilkan efisiensi yang tinggi terhadap TSS, TAN, nitrit, Total Nitrogen (TN), dan fosfat. Rasio volume IPAL dan volume air tambak 30:70 dengan waktu tinggal minimal lima hari, dapat dijadikan acuan dalam pembangunan IPAL tambak superintensif.A wastewater treatment plant (WTP) in a super-intensive shrimp farm is used to reduce organic matters contained in super-intensive shrimp farm effluent. Through the WTP, the waste water from shrimp facilities can safely and harmlessly be released to the receiving environments. The aims of this study were to evaluate the design and performance of a WTP in reconditioning waste water released from a super-intensive shrimp farm prior to release to water bodies. The WTP was made of a series of sedimentation pond, two aeration ponds, and one reservoir or equalitation pond. The tilapia fish and seaweed, Gracilaria sp., were stocked in the equalitation pond where the seaweed was cultured using long line method; these organisms were used as bio-control. Water samples were collected fortnightly during 105 days of culturing duration from the WTP inlet, outlet of sedimentation pond or at inlet of the first aeration pond; outlet of the first aeration pond or inlet of the second aeration pond, outlet of the second aeration pond or inlet of equalitation pond and the outlet of equalitation pond. The measured variables were total suspended solid (TSS), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, total organic matters (TOM), and five days biological oxygen demand (BOD5). The evaluated technical performances of the plant were its size and volume; volume and retention time of effluent, efficiency of WTP performance and volume ratios of the WTP and total volume of shrimp pond. The results of the study indicated that the WTP was able to reduce concentrations of nutrients and solids in effluent by 53.1%-99.4% of efficiency. However, its capacity need to be increased due to reducing concentrations of TOM. The WTP was highly efficient in reducing the concentrations of TSS, TAN, nitrite, total N, and phosphate. The volume ratios between the plant and pond waters were 30:70 with minimum retention time five which days could be proposed for wastewater treatment pond for super-intensive shrimp ponds.

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Stability analysis of a wastewater treatment plantwith saturated control

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2006.017 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 149-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

F. Grognard ◽

O. Bernard

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Stability Analysis ◽

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

State Space ◽

Control Variable ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Biological Oxygen Demand ◽

Input Flow ◽

Saturated Control ◽

Proportional Controller

This paper presents a saturated proportional controller that achieves depollution of wastewater in a continuous anaerobic digester. This goal is reached by defining a region of the state-space where the depollution is achieved and forcing attractivity and invariance of this region. The control variable is the dilution rate and the controlled variable is a linear combination (Sλ) of the substrates concentrations, that could be the chemical oxygen demand or the biological oxygen demand, depending on the value of λ. No measurement of the substrates concentrations in the input flow is required: the only necessary measurement is Sλ.

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Evaluation of the performance of the Tyson Foods wastewater treatment plant for nitrogen removal

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2005.0402 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 51 (11) ◽

pp. 159-166

Author(s):

E. Ubay-Cokgor ◽

C.W. Randall ◽

D. Orhon

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Nitrogen Removal ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Biological Oxygen Demand ◽

Average Flow Rate ◽

Before And After

In this paper, the performance of the Tyson Foods wastewater treatment plant with an average flow rate of 6500 m3/d was evaluated before and after upgrading of the treatment system for nitrogen removal. This study was also covered with an additional recommendation of BIOWINTM BNR program simulation after the modification period to achieve an additional nutrient removal. The results clearly show that the upgrading was very successful for improved nitrogen removal, with a 57% decrease on the total nitrogen discharge. There also were slight reductions in the discharged loads of biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, ammonium and total phosphorus with denitrification, even though the effluent flow was higher during operation of the nitrogen removal configuration.

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Sustainable Bio-methane generation from Petrochemical Wastewater using CSTR

International Journal of Engineering Technology and Sciences ◽

10.15282/ijets.v1i1.1105 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Md. Nurul Islam Siddique ◽

Zularisham A. Wahid

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Loading Rate ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Cod Removal ◽

Organic Loading Rate ◽

Petrochemical Wastewater ◽

Methane Generation ◽

Start Up ◽

Thermophilic Condition

The effect of gradual increase in organic loading rate (0LR) and temperature on biomethanation from petrochemical wastewater treatment was investigated using CSTR. The digester performance measured at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of4 to 2d, and start up procedure of the reactor was monitoredfor 60 days via chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, biogas and methane production. By enhancing the temperature from 30 to 55 “C Thermophilic condition was attained, and pH was adjusted at 7 i 0.5. Supreme COD removal competence was 98i0.5% (r = 0.84) at an 0LR of 7.5 g-COD/Ld and 4d HRT. Biogas and methane yield were logged to an extreme of 0.80 L/g-CODremoved d (r = 0.81), 0.60 L/g-CODremoved d (r = 0.83), and mean methane content of biogas was 65.49%. The full acclimatization was established at 55 C with high COD removal efficiency and biogas production. An 0LR of 7.5 g-COD/L d and HRT of 4 days were apposite forpetrochemical wastewater treatment.

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EFEKTIFITAS SISTEM LAHAN BASAH BUATAN DALAM PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH SAKIT-X (Effectiveness of Artificial Wetland System in Processing Liquid Waste of Hospital-X)

Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan ◽

10.22146/jml.52179 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Atieka Wulandari ◽

Rossie Wiedya Nusantara ◽

Muhammad Sofwan Anwari

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Control Plant ◽

Liquid Waste ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Biological Oxygen Demand ◽

Artificial Wetland ◽

Canna Indica ◽

Colour Parameter

AbstrakLahan basah buatan adalah sistem yang melibatkan tanaman, tanah, mikroba sebagai pengolahan limbah cair. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektifitas sistem lahan basah buatan dalam pengolahan limbah cair rumah sakit X dan mengkaji kemampuan jenis tanaman Canna Indica, Echinodorus palaefolius dan Iris pseudoacorus sebagai biofilter limbah cair rumah sakit X . Lahan basah buatan dibuat menggunakan media pasir, karbon aktif, dan kerikil dalam skala laboratorium. Analisis data menggunakan uji Anova dan Uji BNT dengan penggunaan jenis tanaman sebagai perlakuan biofilter, yaitu Canna Indica, Echinodorus palaefolius plant, Iris pseudoacorus, penggabungan ketiga tanaman, dan tidak ada tanaman sebagai kontrol. Waktu detensi 3, 6, dan 9 hari sebagai perlakuan hari dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter utama adalah Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), dan amoniak. Parameter pendukung warna, bau, suhu, dan pH. Lahan basah buatan terbukti efektif dalam pengolahan limbah cair rumah sakit X dan ada perlakuan yang memberikan pengaruh beda nyata terhadap perubahan kualitas air limbah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efisiensi penurunan BOD dan COD terjadi pada waktu detensi 6 hari. Variasi waktu berpengaruh terhadap penurunan konsentrasi BOD dan COD. Penggabungan ketiga tanaman (C. Indica, E. palaefolius dan I. pseudoacorus) terbukti efektif sebagai biofilter dalam penurunan parameter pH (11,2%) dan warna (27,4%), serta tanaman Echinodorus palaefolius terbukti efektif sebagai biofilter dalam penurunan parameter amoniak (34%), namun pengggunaan tanaman (biofilter) dalam lahan basah buatan tidak terbukti efektif pada penurunan BOD, COD, dan suhu. Hasil penelitian ini telah memenuhi persyaratan yang ditetapkan oleh Permen KLHK No: P. 68/Menlhk/Setjen/Kum.1/8/2016 tentang Baku mutu air Limbah domestik.AbstractAn artificial wetland is a system which involves plants, soil, and microbes in the wastewater treatment. This research aims to examine the effectiveness of artificial wetland to be used for the hospital’s wastewater treatment. It also reviews the role of Canna Indica, Echinodorus palaefolius, and Iris pseudoacorus to serve as biofilters of the hospital’s wastewater. The artificial wetland is made of sand, active carbon, and gravels in lab-scale amount. The data was analysed by using Anova test and BNT test. The analysis involved several types of plants serving as a biofilter treatment, namely Canna Indica, Echinodurus palaefolius, Iris pseudoacorus, and the combination of these three plants. None served as a control plant. The detention times were 3, 6, and 9 days compounded with three-time repetitions. The main parameters were Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and amoniak. Supporing parameters included colour, odor, temperature, and pH. The artificial wetland was considered effective in the hospital’s wastewater treatment. The results also documented that some treatments had a significantly different effect towards the change of wastewater quality. The research indicated that the efficiency of BOD’s and COD’s decline occured at 6 days of detention. The variety of time affected the concetration decline of BOD and COD. The combination of three plants (E. palaefolius, I. pseudoacorus, and C. Indica) was proven effective as a biofilter which reduces pH parameter (11,2%) and colour parameter (27,4%). In addition, The Echinodorus palaefolius plant was reported effective to reduce amoniak parameter (34%). However, the use of plants (biofilter) in the artificial wetland was not effective towards the decline of BOD, COD, and temperature. The results of this research therefore have met the requirement stipulated by the Goverment regulation of KLHK (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) No : P.68/Menlhk/Setjen/Kum.1/8/2016 on the quality standards of the domestic wastewater.

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Domestic wastewater treatment by a constructed wetland system planted with rice

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2011.806 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 64 (12) ◽

pp. 2376-2380 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Suwasa Kantawanichkul ◽

Wanida Duangjaisak

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Constructed Wetland ◽

Retention Time ◽

Paddy Field ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Biological Oxygen Demand ◽

Removal Efficiencies

The experiments were conducted in four concrete laboratory scale free water surface constructed wetland units 1 m wide, 1.5 m long and 0.8 m deep. Paddy field soil was added to a depth of 0.4 m and rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) were transplanted into the units at a density of 25 plants/m2. Domestic wastewater collected from Chiang Mai University was applied into each unit via two different modes to evaluate suitable conditions for wastewater treatment and rice yield. In the first experiment, the wastewater was fed intermittently (7 h/day) with a hydraulic loading rate of 2, 4, 6 and 8 cm/day. The maximum removal efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, total kjedahl nitrogen and suspended solids were only 49.1, 58.7, 64.0 and 59.4%, respectively, due to the short hydraulic retention time for the biodegradation of organic substances. In the second experiment, the wastewater in each unit was inundated to a depth of 15 cm for 10, 15, 20 and 25 days in each unit and then drained and re-flooded. Removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, total kjedahl nitrogen and suspended solids were greater than in the first experiment especially at the 25 day retention time and except for suspended solids met the Thai national effluent standard. The study revealed that apart from wastewater treatment, wastewater can replace natural water to grow rice in the dry season or throughout the year. Moreover, nutrients in wastewater can be a substitute for chemical fertilizers. Rice grain production was 4,700 kg/ha and only 6% less than the production from the conventional paddy field.

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Efektifitas Sistem RBC Pada IPAL Pekapuran Raya PD PAL Banjarmasin Terhadap Penurunan Kadar BOD

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan ◽

10.31964/jkl.v14i2.72 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 513

Author(s):

Fidyan Hifzhani ◽

Syarifudin A. ◽

Arifin Arifin

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Biological Oxygen Demand ◽

Household Waste ◽

Wastewater Management ◽

Wastewater Sample ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Local Company

Abstract : Effectiveness Of Rbc System On Wwtp (Wastewater Treatment Plant) Pekapuran Raya Wt (Wastewater Treatment) Local Company Banjarmasin To Reduce Bod Contents. Increased household activities lead to increase the volume of waste generated over time. Annually, the household waste volume increases 5 million m3. WT Local Company Banjarmasin is a wastewater management company that performs domestic sewage treatment (feces) Banjarmasin city. Application of waste treatment technology on WWTP Banjarmasin is RBC system. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of RBC system on WT Local Company Banjarmasin to reduce BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand). This type of study was analytic. The study design used one group pretest posttest design. The place of study was WWTP Pekapuran Raya WT Local Company Banjarmasin 2017. The study population was wastewater from inlet and outlet pipes. Sample was wastewater taken inlet and outlet pipe tanks. The result showed BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) contents in the wastewater sample before it was processed of 130.97 mg/L, 116.98 mg/L, and 193.45 mg/l. After it was processed of 13.81 mg/L, 20.138 mg/L, and 30.216 mg/L. The effectiveness of RBC system on the reduce of BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) in WWTP Pekapuran Raya WT Local Company Banjarmasin was 89.37% for first day, 80.51% for second day and 83.73% for the third day. There were differences before and after BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) treated by RBC in WWTP Pekapuran Raya WT Local Company Banjarmasin. Keywords: WWTP; RBC system; BOD.

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Chemical and Electro-coagulation Techniques in Coagulation-Floccculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment- A Review

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY ◽

10.24297/jac.v9i3.1006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 1988-1999

Author(s):

Ukiwe L.N ◽

Ibeneme S.I ◽

Duru C.E ◽

Okolue B.N ◽

Onyedika G.O ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Colloidal Particles ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Biological Oxygen Demand ◽

Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽

Iron Salts ◽

Wide Range ◽

Water And Wastewater ◽

Design Mechanism ◽

Electro Coagulation

Chemical and electrocoagulation are widely used coagulation methods employed in water and wastewater treatment. Both coagulation processes are effective in removing a wide range of impurities which include dissolved organic matter in form of chemical and biological oxygen demand, pathogens, oils, and colloidal particles as well as heavy metals. The present review has revealed that the mode of action of both coagulation methods is based on charge neutralization and floc formation. The effectiveness of both coagulation techniques depend on factors such as pH, coagulation dose, coagulant type, current density, applied voltage, water and wastewater type, type of electrode, as well as size and number of electrodes. The commonly used chemical coagulants are inorganic coagulants based on aluminum and iron salts. However, there have been considerable successes in the development of pre-hydrolyzed inorganic coagulants which have the added advantage over traditional inorganic coagulants in that they function well over a wide range of pH and water temperatures. Electrocoagulation has been proposed as an alternative method to chemical coagulation because it is environmental friendly and cheap to operate. Nonetheless, most researchers are of the opinion that there are still some uncertainties regarding the understanding of its optimal performance and design mechanism.

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