scholarly journals Opiates Possibly Boosted Human Civilization

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Charkhgard ◽  
Emran Razaghi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Opioid Substitution Therapy ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Early Humans ◽  
Opioid Substitution

: Testosterone is a fundamental biological drive for human survival. Evidence documents an association between the evolutionary suppression of testosterone and the civilization processes, especially their socialization and family colonization abilities, among early humans. Interestingly, opiates suppress testosterone as a side effect. However, in clinical practice, clients undergoing opioid substitution therapy have subnormal, normal, or even above-normal testosterone. This paper discusses a possibility indicating that opiates promoted civilization processes among early humans. We further suggest that modern humans might have inherited the positive impact of opiates on early humans as a biological propensity for using opioids. Some users may use opioids for self-medication to decrease their extraordinarily high testosterone levels.

Direct-acting antiviral treatment of chronic HCV-infected patients on opioid substitution therapy: Still a concern in clinical practice?

Addiction ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 868-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Christensen ◽  
Peter Buggisch ◽  
Stefan Mauss ◽  
Klaus H. W. Böker ◽  
Eckart Schott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Opioid Substitution Therapy ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Opioid Substitution

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir and Dasabuvir With or Without Ribavirin in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Infection Receiving Opioid Substitution Therapy: A Post Hoc Analysis of 12 Clinical Trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Grebely ◽  
Massimo Puoti ◽  
Heiner Wedemeyer ◽  
Curtis Cooper ◽  
Mark S Sulkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Opioid Substitution Therapy ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Opioid Substitution

Abstract Background We evaluated the impact of opioid substitution therapy (OST) on the completion, adherence, efficacy, and safety of the 3-direct-acting antiviral regimen of ombitasvir, paritaprevir (identified by AbbVie and Enanta) co-dosed with ritonavir, and dasabuvir ± ribavirin among patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype (GT) 1, with or without compensated cirrhosis. Methods Data were pooled from GT1-infected patients enrolled in 12 phase II/III/IIIb clinical trials and categorized by use of OST. Patients with ongoing drug use were excluded. HCV treatment completion, treatment adherence (≥90%), sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12), and adverse events were assessed. Results Of 4747 patients, 3% (n = 149) received OST. Among patients receiving OST vs those not receiving OST, 82% (n = 122) vs 52% (n = 2409) had GT1a infection; 76% (n = 113) vs 61% (n = 2792) were treatment naïve; and 17% (n = 25) vs 18% (n = 830) had cirrhosis, respectively. The proportion of patients completing HCV treatment did not differ between those receiving and not receiving OST (97% [n = 144] vs 98% [n = 4510], respectively), whereas adherence to treatment was reduced in patients receiving vs those not receiving OST (88% [n = 105] vs 97% [n = 4057], respectively). SVR12 was similar between patients receiving and not receiving OST (94% [n = 140] vs 96% [n = 4405], respectively; P = .273). Treatment was well tolerated. Conclusions Although treatment adherence was lower in patients receiving OST vs those not receiving OST, treatment completion and SVR12 were similar between groups. These data support the use of direct-acting antiviral therapies in patients receiving OST.

Opioid substitution therapy or hidden opioids are a minefield for nalmefene: an atypical case series of 11 patients in Lorraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Yéléhé-Okouma ◽  
Hervé Martini ◽  
Jérémie Lemarié ◽  
Pierre Labroca ◽  
Nadine Petitpain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Opioid Substitution Therapy ◽  
Atypical Case ◽  
Opioid Substitution

scholarly journals Opioid substitution therapy as a strategy to reduce deaths in prison: Retrospective cohort study

2015 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. e168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Larney ◽  
Natasa Gisev ◽  
Michael Farrell ◽  
Timothy Dobbins ◽  
Lucy Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Opioid Substitution Therapy ◽  
Opioid Substitution

An examination of the influences on New South Wales general practitioners regarding the provision of opioid substitution therapy

2013 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Holliday ◽  
Parker Magin ◽  
Christopher Oldmeadow ◽  
John Attia ◽  
Janet Dunbabin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Opioid Substitution Therapy ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Opioid Substitution
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document