Protistátní trestné činy v moderních kodifikacích

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kolumber
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Legal Concepts ◽  
Atlantic Area ◽  
Current Arrangement

The contribution “Anti-state Crimes in Modern Codifications” deals with the topic of anti-state crimes during centuries. Firstly, legal concepts in the pre-state period are mentioned. Then the attention is paid on the evolution of this institute in the Euro-Atlantic area. From this point of view, there are mentioned mainly regulations from England (1351), France (1810), Germany (1871) and Soviet Union (1958) which could be remarked as the most important for the development of other countries. On the other hand, it also reminds the development of codifications in Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, which were affected by the Austro-Hungarian legislations as well as German and Soviet approaches. The Czech current arrangement generally does not depart from the other European samples, but it cannot be omitted that in the Czech Republic it is distinguished the penal concept of the high treason (Landesverrat, vlastizrada) from the constitutional concept (Hochverrat, velezrada) which is dedicated to the presidential anti-state activities. The contribution also indicates that the concept of anti-state crimes in countries has not been unified and it has been varying according to various experiences and attitudes.

scholarly journals Bird mortality on medium-voltage power lines in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
Vlasta Škorpíková ◽  
Václav Hlaváč ◽  
Milan Křápek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Birds Of Prey ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Bird Mortality ◽  
Straight Lines

Abstract In 2015–2016, 6,429 km medium-voltage power lines with 76,430 pylons were checked for bird mortality in the Czech Republic. 1,326 bird victims of power lines were found, 156 of which died after collisions, and 1,170 birds were electrocuted. They belonged to 60 species from 12 orders, and birds of prey made up almost half of all victims. Steel pylons bearing several cross-arms including upper and crosswise jumpers were identified as most dangerous from the electrocution point of view. On the other hand, pylons in straight lines with Pařát cross-arms (triangular arrangement of conductors without any horizontal bar) were among the least dangerous, and when they had a simple perch fitted below the cross-arm, no mortality was recorded. But these pylons are new in practice and despite becoming widely used recently, they form less than one tenth of all pylons in the Czech Republic. On other pylons various types of mitigation measures have been installed. Commonly used plastic covers and plastic strips have proved to be especially effective, but only in cases when they are undamaged and correctly installed.

scholarly journals Analysis of the formation of the belly in relation to sex

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
R. Stupka ◽  
M. Šprysl ◽  
M. Pour
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Slaughter Pigs ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the study was to analyse the formation of pig belly in relation to sex. The analysis included in total 193 slaughter pigs of final hybrids currently used in the Czech Republic. The pigs were slaughtered at the age of 166–175 days. The VIA method according to the methodology of Schwerdtfeger et al. (1993) was used to evaluate the formation of belly and to estimate the percentage of lean meat. The calculation of the lean meat and its proportion in the belly was based on the equation according to Čítek (2002). The belly in total as well as the EU belly in barrows reached the weight of 7.85 kg and 4.35 kg, respectively, and in gilts 7.66 kg and 4.12 kg, respectively. With almost the same weight of dressed carcasses, the belly in barrows accounted for a higher proportion, i.e. 9.96% compared to 9.56% in gilts. In terms of percentage the gilts had a statistically highly significantly higher proportion of meat in the EU belly, namely by 3.32% compared to barrows. At all points of measurement the higher total area of the belly section was found in barrows compared to gilts. A comparison of the percentage proportion of lean meat area in the total belly area at individual points of measurement indicated statistically significantly higher values in gilts than in barrows. It was confirmed that in the section area from point 1 to point 3 the deposition of fat in barrows was higher with the values of the meat area ranging from 58.15% to 56.09%. On the other hand, in gilts the differences between individual sections were very small: 61.25%, 61.99% and 61.49%.  

scholarly journals Contribution to identify the causal gents of Dutch elm disease in the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 142-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dvořák ◽  
M. Tomšovský ◽  
L. Jankovský ◽  
D. Novotný
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Ophiostoma Ulmi ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Subspecies Level ◽  
First Time

This study provides new data on Dutch elm disease in the Czech Republic. <I>Ophiostoma novo-ulmi</I> is reported for the first time in the area of the Czech Republic, as well as both subspecies ssp. <I>novo-ulmi</I> (indigenous in the area of the Ukraine and Moldavia), and ssp. <I>Americana</I> indigenous in North America. The majority of the recorded strains belonged to <I>O. n.-u.</I> ssp. <I>novo-ulmi</I>, while <I>O. n.-u.</I> ssp. <I>Americana</I> and hybrids of these two subspecies were found less frequently. On the other hand, <I>Ophiostoma ulmi</I> was not found at all in the investigated samples. Identification on the subspecies level was performed by methods of molecular biology, i.e. PCR and RFLP of gene regions<I> cu</I> and <I>col1</I>.

scholarly journals Who are the officials in the central administration of the Czech Republic and what activities do they perform?

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Ochrana ◽  
Michal Plaček ◽  
Milan Křápek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Education Levels

AbstractThe article examines the section of officials in the central administration who belong to the ministerial staff of the Czech Republic. It examines those persons engaged in the creation of analyses, strategies, and management activities. The study is based on original research conducted by the ministries of the Czech Republic in 2013 (N = 1351). The article seeks to discover what the make-up of this group is in terms of gender, age, and education levels at the chosen ministries, as well as to report on the types of experiences the group has had. The analysis shows that ministerial officials are in fact a gender-balanced group of employees, predominately university-educated. The overall median age of employees in all ministries is 42 years. On the other hand, there are certain inter-ministerial differences, as explained in detail in this paper. Based on results of the empirical research, conclusions have been drawn that may also serve as an inspiration for similar investigations in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe that address similar issues as found in the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Questionnaire Evaluation of Selected Parameters of Forest Recreational Trails Suitable for Wheelchair Users in Slovakia and in the Czech Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1493-1498
Author(s):  
Jitka Fialová ◽  
Mariana Jakubisová ◽  
Pavla Kotásková ◽  
Pavlína Procházková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Optimal Length ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wheelchair Users ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Future ◽  
Recreational Trails ◽  
Hand Preferences

The article presents the results of a survey on the preferences of disabled people in wheelchairs for selected features of recreational trails in forests. The study was conducted in in the years 2015 and 2016 with a sample of 109 people from Slovakia and from the Czech Republic (57 respondents in Slovakia and 52 in the Czech Republic). The questions in the survey were designed to determine the preferences concerned in this article: answers regarding the optimal length of the route for one trip and the distance between the accompanying trail elements (information signs, shelters etc.) are presented. We have observed differences between the respondents’ preferences in Slovakia and the Czech Republic in the preferred length of the trail. On the other hand, preferences in the distance between the accompanying elements on the trail in the forest did not differ. Respondents in the Czech Republic prefer far longer routes, with relatively larger distances between the recreational elements. The results will be used in the future for designing optimal trails for visitors on wheelchairs in the Masaryk Forest Křtiny, property of the Mendel University in Brno.

scholarly journals Corporate foresight in Czechia

Ergo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kováříková ◽  
Ondřej Valenta
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Latent Demand ◽  
Corporate Foresight ◽  
Other Hand

Abstract Corporate foresight in the Czech Republic has been still a rather undiscovered and unmapped subject. This drawback is at least partly reduced by this article presenting results of a pioneer empirical research among Czech companies. Results of the research indicate that the level of utilization of foresight among Czech companies is low; on the other hand, the results suggest existence of a latent demand for foresight as a tool for increasing the capacities and capabilities to innovate. Innovation activities in companies are at the same time one of the most significant way to deal with contemporary economic and social development, characterized by a rapid technological progress and accelerating pace of change.

scholarly journals Krajské zriadenie v ČR a jeho vplyv na región Moravy

2020 ◽  
pp. 234-245
Author(s):  
Matúš Meluš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regional Organization ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Development Perspective

Moravia is one of the historical regions of the Czech Republic and its center is currently Brno. It is located in the eastern part of the country and some enclaves are also in Silesia or Slovakia. I aim to research the administrative status of this specific region in terms of history, geography, culture or language. As in Slovakia, the regional organization is problematic in the Czech conditions and these aspects are not taken into account. This contribution tries to bring the view from the constitutional and historical development perspective. The requirements of Moravians were not solved by the establishment of the regional units in 2000. On the other hand, current autonomous tendencies are not so strong as in the 1990s. The aim is also to analyze the development of the whole region and to define the views of political parties at national and local level through analyzing, comparison and synthesis.

scholarly journals Proof of authenticity of pure instant coffee

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bohačenko ◽  
Z. Veselý
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Instant Coffee ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hplc Technique ◽  
Total Glucose ◽  
Refractometric Detection

An HPLC method with refractometric detection was worked out for the determination of the limiting contents of marker saccharides (free mannitol and total glucose and xylose) used for the proof of authenticity of pure instant coffee. This method, even though more laborious, yields results comparable with those obtained by the HPAE-PAD method and is intended mainly for those laboratories where the current HPLC technique with refractometric detection is presently used for saccharide analysis. The survey of market supply showed that instant coffee imported in bulk and subsequently packaged in the Czech Republic is most frequently adulterated – only one out of 7 samples examined contained authentic coffee. On the other hand, only one out of 10 samples of instant coffee imported in original packaging did not meet the authenticity criteria. The samples of instant coffee by domestic producers indicated that one producer placed on the market an adulterated product, whereas the other brand is authentic coffee.

Protecting the Brickworks against Technical Seismicity

2015 ◽  
Vol 1122 ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Solař
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Structural Measures ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Natural Seismicity

In the Czech Republic, there are seismic territories with little natural seismicity only.On the other hand, the technical seismicity is frequently a pressing issue.Dynamic responses caused by the technical seismicity result in defects − in particular, in cracksin brickworks. This paper discusses possible technical and structural measures which eliminate effects of the technical seismicity and, in turn, reduce risk of damage to the brickworks..

scholarly journals Economic impacts of demographics ageing of Czech population

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohumil Minařík ◽  
Jiří Pešl
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Retirement System ◽  
Other Hand

Through the last fifteen years, the Czech Republic rank among the advanced European countries. It has brought both positives and negatives. The most problematic are questions of a population ageing as a result of the natural increase of inhabitants. In this article, there are presented sources of information and basic methodical instruments and related demographic indicators. This article is dealing with an actual demographic situation in the Czech Republic and its anticipated development until 2050 year in reference to a natality, mortality and foreign migration. In the last fifteen years, the mortality decreased significantly (from 12.5 in 1990 to 10.5 in 2004) and expectation of life (men: from 67.5 in 1990 to 72.6 in 2004, women: from 76.0 to 79.4) on one hand, but on the other hand, the total fertility decreased dramatically (from 1.89 in 1990 to 1.20 in 2004). Until 2050 year is supposed to increase the average age of population at about ten years and a rate of age category over 65 years should grow to double of actual situation. On the other hand, medial variety of prediction is supposed (beyond a certain temporary decrease) to increase of total fertility to a value of 1.62 at average birth mother age over 29 years. The outcome of this work will be another expressive downgrade of demographic situation and extreme pressure to the retirement system. The other part of work is dealing with causes and consequences of population ageing, for example in reference to a labour market and unemployment, but also in reference to educational system, health and retirement system. This article also recapitulates relevant continuity of the unfavourable demographic situation solution, especially in the point of main political subject view in the Czech Republic. There are mainly different options of population policy, a pressure to a decrease of a population education and especially a retirement reform. The particular proposals are influenced by a different point of political subjects view to the world and a rate of individual responsibility and country in it.

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