Cases of Extreme Customization and Personalization -Current Trends of Textiles and Apparel Industry in the United States-

Recent protectionism by the United States has principally taken the form of negotiated barriers to trade, such as voluntary export restraints. These barriers tend to evolve over time and to display three patterns, which we label institutionalized, temporary, and sporadic protectionism. Cartel theory and studies of the politics of protection suggest that the dynamics of negotiated protectionism will depend on three variables: the barriers to entry into an industry, the size of the domestic industry, and the exit barriers for domestic firms. Low barriers to entry will lead to institutionalized protectionism when the domestic industry is large and exit difficult; temporary protectionism results when the domestic industry is small and exit easy; and sporadic protectionism is likely when barriers to entry are high. Brief studies of U.S. protectionism in textiles and apparel, steel, footwear, televisions, and automobiles illustrate the value of this framework.

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Racialized Marketing in the Athletic Apparel Industry: The Convergence of Sneaker Promotion and Black Culture in the United States

The International Journal of the History of Sport ◽

10.1080/09523367.2021.1946037 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Brandon Wallace

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Apparel Industry ◽

The United States ◽

Black Culture ◽

Athletic Apparel

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Venture financing in the era of increasing epidemiological risks

Fìnansi Ukraïni ◽

10.33763/finukr2021.08.068 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (8) ◽

pp. 68-80

Author(s):

Mykhailo DYBA ◽

◽

Iuliia GERNEGO ◽

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Venture Capitalists ◽

Financing Policies ◽

Current Trends ◽

Social And Economic Development ◽

Venture Financing ◽

Venture Funding ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time

The relevance of the study of venture financing development in the era of increasing epidemiological risks is considered within the current situation in society, namely the significant impact of COVID-19 on all sectors of social and economic development. This shows the urgency of a systematic justification of current trends and peculiarities of venture financing development, taking into consideration the COVID-19 situation. The above-mentioned aspects define the purpose of our study. The theoretical basis of our study means the analysis of the specifics and priorities of venture financing, considering the timeframe from venture financing formation to nowadays. Thus, the stages of evolution of views on venture financing are highlighted. The article examines the dynamics of venture financing globally, as well as the change of relevant indicators in Europe, Asia and the United States. In particular, along with the analysis of the total amount of venture financing in each of the considered markets, the volumes of venture financing agreements that were carried out for the first time were estimated. This allowed us to analyze the relevant trends and make conclusions on the priority objects for attracting the resources of venture investors in the era of growth of epidemiological risks, depending on the experience of venture capitalists. The article compares venture funding and the incidence of COVID-19 in some countries in Europe, Asia and the United States. The approaches of European experts to the assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on venture financing are revealed. The analysis of the relevant calculations provides the possibility to structure the priorities of modern venture investors depending on the sectoral distribution of COVID-19 influences. The practical value of the study is considered within a comprehensive analysis of trends in venture financing and assessment of changes in the priorities of venture investors, considering the increasing epidemiological risks. The research may be useful both in the context of developing public venture financing policies and within developing venture financing strategies at the business level.

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Definitions of Gifted and Talented Used in the United States

journal for the education of the gifted ◽

10.1177/016235328100500406 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 283-294

Author(s):

Don Wells

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Gifted And Talented ◽

Historical Context ◽

State Department ◽

The United States ◽

Department Of Education ◽

Societal Values ◽

Current Trends ◽

State Department Of Education

This article examines a survey and analysis of 41 State Department of Education definitions of gifted and talented. A conceptual framework of components is presented as a means of definition analysis. Definitions are examined and discussed in relation to those characteristic components. Current trends in definitions are placed in an historical context revealing the expansion and refinement of expansion components in definitions for the gifted and talented. The definition issue is discussed in relation to societal values and expectations as they pertain to gifted individuals.

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The Freedom of Critical Thinking

Journalism and Ethics ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-8359-2.ch020 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 349-377

Author(s):

Jennifer Fleming ◽

Masato Kajimoto

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

New York ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Media Literacy ◽

The United States ◽

Literacy Curriculum ◽

Future Directions ◽

Current Trends ◽

News Literacy ◽

Literacy Educators

This study examines how college educators in Hong Kong, Vietnam, and Malaysia adopted and adapted lessons gleaned from a news literacy curriculum developed by journalism instructors at Stony Brook University in New York. In doing so, the chapter situates the emerging field of news literacy within parameters of its parent field, media literacy, and current trends in digitization, globalization, and information freedom. Details on how educators in Asia made a pedagogy designed for American citizens relevant to their students and how they negotiated country-specific social, cultural, and political contexts are included. Future directions in research include more in-depth and comparative understandings of the processes at work in localizing media literacy frameworks as well as an exploration of what media literacy educators in the United States and other democracies can learn from their counterparts in countries where accessing, creating, and disseminating information could be considered subversive activities.

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Current Trends Among US Surgeons in the Identification, Treatment, and Time of Repair for Medial Meniscal Ramp Lesions at the Time of ACL Surgery

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967119827267 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 232596711982726 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Nicholas N. DePhillipo ◽

Lars Engebretsen ◽

Robert F. LaPrade

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Acl Reconstruction ◽

Sports Medicine ◽

Orthopaedic Surgery ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Current Trends ◽

Acl Surgery

Background: Given the potential hidden nature of medial meniscal ramp lesions and the controversy regarding treatment, it is important to understand the current trends regarding the identification and treatment strategies of meniscal ramp lesions by the leading surgeons and educators in the field of sports medicine. Purpose: To better understand the current trends in orthopaedic surgery regarding arthroscopic identification and treatment of medial meniscal ramp lesions at the time of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: An electronic questionnaire was sent in a blinded fashion to 91 directors of orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship training programs in the United States. Participants’ email addresses were obtained through the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine directory of current fellowship program directors. Inclusion criteria were only those surgeons who currently performed ACL reconstruction surgery. Exclusion criteria were those surgeons who did not perform ACL reconstruction or who chose to opt out of the survey. Results: Overall, 19 surgeons opted out of the survey; 36 responded from the remaining 72 surveys (50%). The majority (n = 31, 86%) reported routinely checking for a medial meniscal ramp lesion via inspection of the posteromedial meniscocapsular junction during an ACL reconstruction. The most common repair technique cited was all-inside (n = 24, 66.7%), followed by inside-out (n = 8, 22.2%). Three (8%) surgeons indicated that they did not repair meniscal ramp lesions. Regarding surgical treatment (repair vs no treatment), the majority reported using the extent of the tear (89%; partial vs full thickness) and the stability of the tear upon probing (81%) as the main criteria for intraoperative decision making. Nineteen (52.8%) surgeons required a mean time of <15 minutes for meniscal ramp repair; 16 surgeons (44.4%), 15 to 30 minutes; and 1 surgeon (2.8%), 30 to 45 minutes. Conclusion: This study provides insight regarding meniscal ramp tear identification, treatment, and repair strategies from the fellowship directors of sports medicine orthopaedic surgery in the United States. Such information may be useful for current orthopaedic surgeons to advance their practice according to the current trends surrounding ACL reconstruction and medial meniscal ramp repair.

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