β-Catenin and Periodic Acid–Schiff Distinguish Granular Cell Nevus From Deep Penetrating Nevus

In a retrospective study, granular cell tumors in six dogs (Nos. 1–6), three cats (Nos. 1–3), one horse (No. 1), and one cockatiel ( Nymphicus hollandicus) (No. 1) and a meningioma with a granular cell component in one dog (No. 7) were examined histologically and immunohistochemically. These tumors were identified by histologic examination of surgical biopsy specimens, except in the horse, in which the tumor was an incidental finding at necropsy. These diagnoses were initially made by more than one pathologist. Five of the six granular cell tumors in the dogs were in the oral cavity; one of these was in the maxillary gingiva of a 6-month-old puppy. The tumors in the cats were located in the tongue, vulva, and digit. The tumor in the horse was in the lung, and the tumor in the cockatiel was in the periocular tissue. Histologically, all granular cell tumors were characterized by oval to polygonal cells of various sizes. The cells had abundant, pale, eosinophilic cytoplasm with distinct intracytoplasmic granules, distinct cell margins, and mostly central nuclei. In the dogs, the gingival tumor had a large amount of collagen tissue, the tumor in the tongue had dilated blood vessels, and the maxillary tumor in the puppy was more cellular than the other tumors. The tumors in the cats were more anaplastic than the other tumors; one, located in the digit, was considered malignant. The granules in all of the tumors stained with periodic acid-Schiff and were diastase resistant. On staining with Luxol fast blue, the granules of all tumors stained different shades of pink, with the exception of the tumor in the tongue of a cat, which stained bluish green. Immunocytochemically, all tumors except the tumor in the cockatiel reacted against antibodies to vimentin. The granular cell tumor in the lung of the horse and the intracranial meningioma in a dog reacted to the antibody S-100 protein; the tumor in the horse reacted to neuron-specific enolase; tumors in two dogs (gingiva and skin) reacted to L-antitrypsin, and the maxillary tumor also reacted to lysozyme; the malignant tumor in the digit of a cat and the periocular tumor in the cockatiel reacted to muscle common actin and actin; the tumor in the cockatiel also reacted to desmin. Results of these immunocytochemical studies suggest that granular cell tumors, like tumors composed of rhabdoid cells, clear cells, and oncocytes, can have similar morphologic features but be of different cellular origins.

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Canine Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Eosinophilic Cytoplasmic Globules

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098589803500309 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 223-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

M. Kuwamura ◽

J. Yamate ◽

T. Kotani ◽

T. Takeuchi ◽

S. Sakuma

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Nerve ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Neuron Specific Enolase ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽

Nerve Sheath ◽

Spindle Cell Proliferation

A 13-year-old male Shetland Sheepdog had a subcutaneous tumor in the left brachium. The tumor was removed and recurred several times at 5, 13, 16, 22, and 31 months after the initial presentation. Histologically, the removed nodules from the fourth resection were composed of neoplastic proliferation of round to fusiform cells, which possessed eosinophilic globules in their cytoplasm. The globules were periodic acid–Schiff positive and diastase resistant. Positive reactions for acid phosphatase were observed in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Ultrastructurally, these globules consisted of membrane-bound, dense structures containing dense granules, lucent vacuoles, and homogeneous materials. The recurrent tumors removed at the fifth resection consisted of spindle cell proliferation arranged in interlacing fascicles with wavy nuclei and containing a small number of cells with cytoplasmic globules. The tumor cells were immunoreactive to vimentin, S-100 protein, myelin basic protein, and neuron-specific enolase. The tumor was diagnosed as a peripheral nerve sheath tumor with eosinophilic cytoplasmic globules. These findings are unique for the histogenesis of granular cell tumors.

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Giant Granular Cell Tumor of the Suprasellar Area; Immunocytochemical and Electron Microscopic Studies

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/00006123-198408000-00017 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 246-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Boleslaw H. Liwnicz ◽

Regina G. Liwnicz ◽

Stephen J. Huff ◽

Bert H. McBride ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumor Cells ◽

Granular Cell Tumor ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Suprasellar Region ◽

Microscopic Studies

Abstract We describe a case of a granular cell tumor (GCT) of the suprasellar region with an 11-year history in a 26-year-old woman. The computed tomographic scan showed a midline, contrast-enhancing, noncalcified mass. The biopsy was diagnosed as GCT. The tumor was treated with radiation therapy. At necropsy, a large, homogeneous GCT surrounded by gliosis was found. The tumor cells were filled with granules positive for periodic acid-Schiff, diastase-resistant. The cells did not contain glial fibrillary acidic protein or S-100 protein. Electron microscopy showed tumor cells filled with innumerable lysosomal structures. No intermediate filament was found within the cytoplasm. The tumor cells were not surrounded by a basement membrane. Based on this study and on our review of the literature, the suggestion that GCT has a multicellular origin is upheld.

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Atypical meningeal granular cell tumor in a dog

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/1040638711425942 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 192-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sasmita Mishra ◽

Marc Kent ◽

Allison Haley ◽

Simon Platt ◽

Kaori Sakamoto

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Hemisphere ◽

Granular Cell Tumor ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Ultrastructural Changes ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Falx Cerebri ◽

Cytoplasmic Staining ◽

Left Cerebral Hemisphere

A 10-year-old, female spayed Chihuahua dog was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at the University of Georgia for evaluation of seizures, abnormal mentation, and cervical pain of 2 months duration. On magnetic resonance imaging, there was generalized thickening of the meninges overlying the left cerebral hemisphere and along the falx cerebri. Despite symptomatic treatment, the dog remained neurologically affected. Consequently, the owners elected euthanasia. On gross examination, the meninges covering the left cerebral hemisphere were severely thickened and firmly adhered to the calvaria. On transverse section, the white matter of the left cerebral hemisphere was swollen, enlarged, and extended across the midline with resultant compression of the right cerebral hemisphere. Cytologic evaluation of an impression smear of the thickened meninges showed numerous large, spindloid to polygonal cells with abundant, amphophilic, vacuolated cytoplasm, present either in clusters or in individual cells. Histopathologic evaluation of the meninges revealed a poorly circumscribed and infiltrative, moderately cellular neoplasm, composed of vacuolated, spindloid to polygonal cells with marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, arranged in sheets, and occasionally separated by thick bands of connective tissue. Immunohistochemistry for vimentin revealed diffuse cytoplasmic staining of the neoplastic cells. Although the periodic acid–Schiff reaction was negative, ultrastructural findings showed numerous vesicles that were empty or that contained membranous or electron-dense material. Based on gross, microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural changes, the meningeal neoplasm was diagnosed as an atypical granular cell tumor.

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Granular Cell Tumor of Breast: Rare Tumor Masquerading as Malignancy

Journal of Institute of Medicine ◽

10.3126/jiom.v42i1.37443 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 62-64

Author(s):

Suzita Hirachan ◽

Yogendra P Singh ◽

Anamika Jha ◽

Usha Manandhar

Keyword(s):

Granular Cell Tumor ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Granular Eosinophilic Cytoplasm ◽

Eosinophilic Cytoplasm ◽

S 100 ◽

Proper Diagnosis ◽

The Right

Granular cell tumor (GCT) is a rare soft tissue tumor that arises from the Schwann cells of peripheral nerves. It was first postulated by Abrikossoff in 1926 as Myoblastoma. About 5-15% of these tumors occur in the breast and less than 1% has the potential to be malignant. Here we present a case of 41 years old premenopausal woman with Benign GCT of the right breast, having clinically malignant features. The clinical and radiological features of GCT are similar to malignant lump. However, histology showing presence of sheets of polygonal cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm with round nuclei and granules with Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) positive, diastase resistant and S-100 antigen positive are confirmatory. Treatment of Granular cell tumor is wide local excision. There is apparently no role of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The presence of GCT in the breast is quite rare and clinically as well as radiologically it may mimic malignancy, however with histopathology and appropriate immunohistochemistry, proper diagnosis can be made.

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Immunohistochemical characterisation of a canine case of granular cell type trichoblastoma: a case report

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/7783-vetmed ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 511-514

Author(s):

JS Yoon ◽

J. Park

Keyword(s):

Periodic Acid ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Stem Cell Marker ◽

Cell Type ◽

Intact Male ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Cytoplasmic Staining ◽

Fibrous Stroma ◽

Clear Cells ◽

Cytoplasmic Vacuoles

Herein we describe a case of granular cell type trichoblastoma in a dog. A nine-year-old, intact male Scottish terrier presented with a solitary, exophytic and non-ulcerated nodule on the shoulder. Histopathologically, the nodule showed a ribbon-like structure, which was composed of branching cords of epithelial cells surrounded by fibrous stroma. In addition, islands of large clear cells were also noted. The clear cells showed eccentric nuclei and abundant cytoplasmic vacuoles, which were strongly positive for periodic acid-Schiff staining. Cytoplasmic immunostaining for cytokeratin (CK) 14 and nuclear immunostaining for p63 were observed in the neoplastic cells. In contrast, CK18 staining was scant. Furthermore, the hair bulge stem cell marker CK15 showed strong cytoplasmic staining. Based on these histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, the tumour was diagnosed as a granular cell type trichoblastoma, which is rarely reported in dogs.  

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Granular Cell Variants in a Rat Schwannoma. Evidence of Neurogenic Origin of Granular Cell Tumor (Myoblastoma)

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098587801500604 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 725-731 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

J. J. Berman ◽

J. M. Rice ◽

J. Strandberg

Keyword(s):

Schwann Cells ◽

Granular Cell Tumor ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Granular Cells ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Pas Reaction ◽

Granular Cytoplasm ◽

General Configuration

A large, intraabdominal rat schwannoma had numerous granule-containing cells cytologically identical to cells of granular cell tumor (myoblastoma). The small eosinophilic granules stained positively by the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction, with intensity not reduced by diastase pretreatment. Granules stained positively with the Tibor Pap silver impregnation for reticulin and by electron microscopy were identical to myoblastoma cell granules. The nuclei of granular cells were morphologically identical to those of the neoplastic Schwann cells. The granular cells were in numerous foci within the tumor, frequently were seen in mitosis, and possessed an extremely variable volume of cytoplasm. They seemed to evolve from neoplastic Schwann cells. Cells with only a narrow perinuclear rim of granular cytoplasm were of the same size and general configuration as adjacent neoplastic Schwann cells, while cells with increasing volumes of granular cytoplasm were increasingly swollen and round. One area of the tumor was composed almost entirely of such large cells and was histologically identical to classic granular cell tumor.

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Alveolar soft-part sarcoma of the mediastinum: A case report

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1177/2050313x17695473 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 2050313X1769547 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yohei Kameda ◽

Teppei Nishii ◽

Masahiro Tsuboi ◽

Hiromasa Arai ◽

Kenji Inui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Part ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Lower Extremities ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma ◽

Thoracic Vertebrae ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Initial Surgery ◽

Tomography Scan

We report a 53-year-old man with metastases of alveolar soft-part sarcoma originated from the mediastinum. He was hospitalized due to lower extremities’ paralysis. Computed tomography scan findings revealed multiple nodules of bilateral lungs, swollen mediastinal lymph nodes, and osteolysis of thoracic vertebrae. We performed spinal decompression and biopsy from vertebra. And, we finally diagnosed this case as metastases of mediastinal alveolar soft-part sarcoma which was removed 10 years ago. Alveolar soft-part sarcoma is rare tumor accounted for 0.5%–1.0% of soft tissue sarcoma that often occurs primarily in the lower extremities and trunk. It is difficult to distinguish between alveolar soft-part sarcoma and paraganglioma, renal cell carcinoma and granular cell tumor morphologically. Periodic acid–Schiff stain and immunohistochemical staining of ASPL-TFE3 are useful in making a definitive diagnosis of alveolar soft-part sarcoma. This case is a rare case of alveolar soft-part sarcoma originated in the mediastinum with local recurrence and distant metastases 10 years after the initial surgery.

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Malakoplakia in the Urinary Bladder of 4 Puppies

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/03009858211009779 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 030098582110097

Author(s):

Katelin L. Davis ◽

Liang Cheng ◽

José Ramos-Vara ◽

Melissa D. Sánchez ◽

Rebecca P. Wilkes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Bladder ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

E Coli ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Microscopic Features ◽

Escherichia Coli Infection ◽

Large Round ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin Stain

Malakoplakia in humans most often affects the urinary bladder and is characterized by inflammation with von Hansemann–type macrophages, with or without Michaelis-Gutmann bodies, and is frequently associated with Escherichia coli infection. We describe the microscopic features of malakoplakia in the urinary bladder of 4 puppies. In all cases, the lamina propria of the urinary bladder was markedly expanded by sheets of large, round to polygonal macrophages with intracytoplasmic, periodic acid-Schiff-positive granules and granular inclusions, and rare Prussian blue–positive inclusions. Macrophages were positive for CD18 and Iba1. In 2 cases, Michaelis-Gutmann bodies were detected with hematoxylin and eosin stain and were best demonstrated with von Kossa stain. E. coli infection was confirmed in 2 cases with bacterial culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Transmission electron microscopy of one case demonstrated macrophages with abundant lysosomes, phagolysosomes, and rod-shaped bacteria. Microscopic features were similar to human cases of malakoplakia. In dogs, the light microscopic characteristics of malakoplakia closely resemble granular cell tumors and histiocytic ulcerative colitis.

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Melanocytoma of the Conjunctiva: Clinicopathologic Features of Three Cases

Ocular Oncology and Pathology ◽

10.1159/000496557 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 290-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martina C. Herwig-Carl ◽

Karin U. Loeffler ◽

Hans E. Grossniklaus

Keyword(s):

Benign Lesion ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Differential Diagnoses ◽

Melanocytic Lesion ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Melanocytic Lesions ◽

Abundant Cytoplasm ◽

Rare Lesion

Background: Melanocytoma (magnocellular nevus) is a jet-black benign lesion histologically composed of polygonal tumor cells with small, inconspicuous nuclei and abundant cytoplasm. Melanocytomas in general are rare. Most cases occur in the optic nerve head. Conjunctival melanocytoma (magnocellular nevus) is extremely rare, and only 3 lesions of the ocular surface have been reported. Objectives: To describe the clinical and histological spectrum of conjunctival melanocytoma and discuss differential diagnoses of this rare lesion. Method: Four heavily pigmented conjunctival lesions were excised for slight tumor growth and histologically processed. The specimens were routinely stained with hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff. Sections were bleached and immunohistochemical stains were performed for CD68, HMB-45, S100, melanin, and Ki-67. Results: Histological examination revealed findings of a conjunctival melanocytoma in 3 cases. The fourth case was diagnosed histologically as a combined melanocytic lesion with a compound nevus and an inverted type A nevus. None of the lesions exhibited transition towards malignancy. The differential diagnoses included conjunctival melanoma, granular cell nevus, compound nevus with reactive changes, and blue nevus. Conclusions: Conjunctival melanocytic lesions suspicious for melanocytoma should be bleached to evaluate their cytologic features. CD68 can be helpful in identifying heavily pigmented melanomacrophages which may mimic a melanocytoma. As conjunctival melanocytomas are extremely rare, their pathogenesis may be different from that of other conjunctival nevi.

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