Language of Paradise

2019 ◽  
pp. 395-415
Author(s):  
Jan Loop
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Semitic Languages ◽  
Arabic Poetry ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oriental Studies

This chapter discusses the discovery of Arabic poetry in Western Europe in the context of Protestant Arabic studies of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. The piece centres on the work of the Dutch Orientalist Albert Schultens (1686–1750). His interest in Arabic poetry was driven by the idea that it preserves some of the characteristics of the primeval language and that it can help us understand the original meaning of the Hebrew texts of the Bible. The essay argues that in spite of its shortcomings, Schultens’ work is a significant moment in the history of oriental studies. It stimulated an entire generation of young scholars in Protestant Northern Europe; and his comparative study of Semitic languages, his concepts of the primeval language and its transmission as well as his great interest in the poetry of the East still resonate in early Romantic approaches to oriental poetry.

Philosophy of Religion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Biblical Interpretation ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
German Romanticism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of

Like most German philosophers of his day Herder was no radical critic of religion and Christianity in the later manner of Marx or Nietzsche, but some of his contributions in this area did advance their sort of project. He was a liberal Christian, in terms of both tolerance and doctrine—examples of the latter sort of liberalism being his naturalized conception of immortality and his neo-Spinozism. In fact, he was the central figure in the emergence of neo-Spinozism, which he developed by the mid-1770s and which went on to constitute the foundations of both German Romanticism and post-Kantian German Idealism. He developed important new secular principles of biblical interpretation and thereby made important interpretive discoveries concerning the Bible. He conceived the novel project of a comparative study of religions and mythologies. And despite being a devout Christian, he also developed stinging criticisms of the history of organized Christianity.

Guillaume Postel and the Primordial Origins of the Middle East

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-263
Author(s):  
Brannon Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
European Study ◽  
Semitic Languages ◽  
Founding Fathers ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Comparative Study

Abstract Guillaume Postel is often credited as one of the founding fathers of the modern “orientalist” European study of the Middle East, and of Arabic, Islam, and the Quran in particular. He published his most influential work in 1544, calling on the French king to lead a Crusade against the Ottomans and usher in a new, apocalyptic age. Although usually credited as a pioneer in the comparative study of Semitic languages, an influential figure in French-Ottoman relations, and as one of the first Europeans to study the Quran in comparison with the Bible, it was the unique sixteenth-century renaissance combination of apocalyptism, European nationalism, and alchemy behind the specific formation of Postel’s universal linguistic theories that would most influence future scholarship. The following pages examine the historical context in which Postel produced his work with particular attention to the apocalyptism of his religious ideas and the kabbalistic sources of his linguistic scholarship.

Review of: Aramaic Studies. Leiden: Brill, 2016. Vol. 14. 264 p. ISSN: 1477-8351

2020 ◽  
pp. 239-256
Author(s):  
Николай Шаблевский
Keyword(s):  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Second Temple ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Previous Issue ◽  
Semitic Languages ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Second Temple Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comprehensive Study

В предшествующем выпуске журнала «Библия и христианская древность» была опубликована рецензия на «Aramaic Studies» за 2015 г. Настоящий труд является своеобразным продолжением изучения журнала, посвящённого всестороннему исследованию арамейских языков. Как отмечает С. В. Лёзов, письменная традиция арамейских языков, в том числе и его современных бесписьменных идиом, носители которых постепенно по разным причинам переходят в вечность (а вместе с ними исчезают и диалекты арамейских языков), сопоставима по временным рамкам разве что с китайским и греческим. Несмотря на безусловную значимость арамейских языков, в том числе и для исторического языкознания, а также и для изучения Библии, литературы Второго Храма, таргумов, Талмуда и тому подобного, «история арамейского языка до сих пор остаётся неисследованной... “мы отвечаем за арамейский язык перед небытием”», поэтому отрадно видеть, что специальный журнал посвящён столь важной области семитских языков. The previous issue of The Bible and Christian Antiquity published a review of Aramaic Studies for 2015. The present work is a continuation of the journal's study of a comprehensive study of the Aramaic languages. As S. V. Lyozov points out, the written tradition of the Aramaic languages, including its modern unwritten idioms, whose speakers are gradually passing into eternity for various reasons (and with them the dialects of the Aramaic languages are disappearing), is comparable in time frame only to Chinese and Greek. Despite the undoubted importance of the Aramaic languages, including for historical linguistics, as well as for the study of the Bible, Second Temple literature, the Targums, the Talmud and the like, "the history of the Aramaic language is still unexplored... "we are responsible for the Aramaic language before nothingness", so it is encouraging to see a special journal devoted to such an important area of Semitic languages.

Erasmus' Biblical Humanism

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 119-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. L. Jarrott
Keyword(s):  
History Of Thought ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religious Zeal ◽  
Ancient Texts

Behind the humanists’ battle cry ‘ad fontes’ lies a long and laborious endeavor to get at the original meaning of the ancient texts with all the admittedly limited philological tools at their disposal. In his work on the Bible Erasmus was spurred to this effort by a religious zeal which is too seldom associated with the author of the Praise of Folly. Yet one of his most important contributions to the history of thought was his use of a humanistic method for the interpretation of scripture.

scholarly journals Convergence and Divergence between the Arabic ʿUdhrî (Chaste) Love and Platonic Love: A Comparative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Ahmed Thnaybat ◽  
Hussein Zeidanin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Arabic Poetry ◽  
Platonic Love ◽  
History Of ◽  
Convergence And Divergence ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Classical Arabic ◽  
Literary Phenomenon

The study explores the Udhrî ghazal as a classical literary phenomenon in the Arabic poetry; and it seeks to correlate it with Plato’s theories of love in The Symposium. The issues the study raises are: history of the Udhrî love, factors leading to its emergence, impact of Islam on the Udhrî poets, and stages of the Udhrî narrative based on classical Arabic poetry and prose. The study controverts the claims associating the Udhrî ghazal with Islam due to the profound discrepancies between Islamic teachings and the practices and behaviors of the Udhrî poets. It as well reviews the theories of love Plato introduces in the Symposium for the purpose of estimating their manifestations in classical Arabic prose and impact on the Udhrî ghazal. The beginnings of Udhrî love go back to the pre-Islamic era during which poets, such as Antara Al-Absi, frequently combined the motif of chaste love with other related topics in their poems. Yet, the Udhrî ghazal flourishes in the Umayyad age during which poets tackled Udhrî love as an autonomous motif and subgenre. The study further questions the various possible factors, i.e. political, religious, environmental and social, modernists believe have led to the evolution of the Udhrî ghazal in the Islamic age and the Umayyad age.   

Reading the Church: William Durandus and a New Approach to the History of Ecclesiology

Ecclesiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Stephen Mark Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Church Building ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spiritual Exegesis ◽  
The Church

AbstractIn the study of ecclesiology it is often said that the first treatises on the Church were written during the controversies around the bull Unam sanctam (1302) of Pope Boniface VIII. These works and their successors provide a political and institutional ecclesiology determined by the author's attitude to the papal claims. Before the bull, however, a friend of Boniface, William Durandus of Mende, wrote a commentary on the liturgy that summarised a very different ecclesiology which has its roots in the New Testament and the Fathers. The first book of his Rationale divinorum officiorum draws on previous tradition and uses the methods of spiritual exegesis of the Bible to provide a balanced ecclesiology from a 'reading' of the church-building. The wide circulation of the Rationale in late medieval and early modern Western Europe ensured that this traditional ecclesiology was quietly handed on, but modern writers have ignored it. A study of Durandus's interpretation of a church enables us to retrieve this tradition and suggests a new narrative for the history of ecclesiology.

scholarly journals Semantica ed etimologia dell’armeno hnjan ‘vasca in cui si preme l’uva’

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (15 n.s.) ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Schirru
Keyword(s):  
Old High German ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Age

The article deals with the Armenian substantive hnjan, which in the modern language denotes the ‘wine-press’ or a ‘rural hut located on the fields’. An exam of its use in the texts of classical age where it is attested (the translation of the Bible and the History of Armenians of Agathangelos) allows to recognize an original meaning of ‘hole dug for the squeezing and the fermentation of the grapes’. The etymology proposed connects the word with Sanskrit paṅka- ‘mud, mire, dirt, clay; ointment; moral impurity’, and a German cognate represented by Old High German fūhti, fūht, Anglo-Saxon fūht ‘damp, moist’, the German source of the Romance loanwords Italian, fango, French fange, Catalan fanc ‘mud, mire’.

History of the Modern Music of Western Europe

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Georg Kiesewetter ◽  
Robert Muller
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Modern Music ◽  
History Of

Ancient Revolutions in the Literature of Polish Romanticism

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-226
Author(s):  
Maciej Junkiert
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Classical Tradition ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
European Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Traditions ◽  
The French Revolution ◽  
Literary Reception

This article aims to examine the Polish literary reception of the French Revolution during the period of Romanticism. Its main focus is on how Polish writers displaced their more immediate experiences of revolutionary events onto a backdrop of ‘ancient revolutions’, in which revolution was described indirectly by drawing on classical traditions, particularly the history of ancient Greeks and Romans. As this classical tradition was mediated by key works of German and French thinkers, this European context is crucial for understanding the literary strategies adopted by Polish authors. Three main approaches are visible in the Polish reception, and I will illustrate them using the works of Zygmunt Krasiński (1812–1859), Juliusz Słowacki (1809–1849) and Cyprian Norwid (1821–1883). My comparative study will be restricted to four works: Krasiński's Irydion and Przedświt (Predawn), Słowacki's Agezylausz (Agesilaus) and Norwid's Quidam.

The Use and Misuse of Religious Language: Zionism and the Palestinians

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wetherell
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Figurative Language ◽  
Religious Language ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Scientist ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Title Deed ◽  
History Of ◽  
Land Question

Every discipline which deals with the land question in Canaan-Palestine-Israel is afflicted by the problem of specialisation. The political scientist and historian usually discuss the issue of land in Israel purely in terms of interethnic and international relations, biblical scholars concentrate on the historical and archaeological question with virtually no reference to ethics, and scholars of human rights usually evade the question of God. What follows is an attempt, through theology and political history, to understand the history of the Israel-Palestine land question in a way which respects the complexity of the question. From a scrutiny of the language used in the Bible to the development of political Zionism from the late 19th century it is possible to see the way in which a secular movement mobilised the figurative language of religion into a literal ‘title deed’ to the land of Palestine signed by God.

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