scholarly journals Screening of chickpea genotypes for resistance to Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris) under field conditions in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Zewdie Asrat ◽  
Bedasa Tolesa
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Field Conditions

scholarly journals Interactions of Pratylenchus thornei and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris on Chickpea

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 828-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Castillo ◽  
María P. Mora-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan A. Navas-Cortés ◽  
Rafael M. Jiménez-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Pratylenchus Thornei ◽  
Root Necrosis ◽  
Lesion Nematode

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris and the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei coinfect chickpeas in southern Spain. The influence of root infection by P. thornei on the reaction of Fusarium wilt-susceptible (CPS 1 and PV 61) and wilt-resistant (UC 27) chickpea cultivars to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 5 was investigated under controlled and field conditions. Severity of Fusarium wilt was not modified by coinfection of chickpeas by P. thornei and F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, in simultaneous or sequential inoculations with the pathogens. Root infection with five nematodes per cm3 of soil and 5,000 chlamydospores per g of soil of the fungus resulted in significantly higher numbers of propagules of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris with the wilt-susceptible cultivar CPS 1, but not with the wilt-resistant one. However, infection with 10 nematodes per cm3 of soil significantly increased root infection by F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris in both cultivars, irrespective of fungal inoculum densities (250 to 2,000 chlamydospores per g of soil). Plant growth was significantly reduced by P. thornei infection on wilt-susceptible and wilt-resistant chickpeas in controlled and field conditions, except when shorter periods of incubation (45 days after inoculation) were used under controlled conditions. Severity of root necrosis was greater in wilt-susceptible and wilt-resistant cultivars when nematodes were present in the root, irrespective of length of incubation time (45 to 90 days), densities of nematodes (5 and 10 nematodes per cm3 of soil), fungal inocula, and experimental conditions. Nematode reproduction on the wilt-susceptible cultivars, but not on the wilt-resistant one, was significantly increased by F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris infections under controlled and field conditions.

Construing the Role of Plant Extracts, Fungicides and Bio-agents in Ameliorating Fusarium Wilt Management in Chickpea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Khanna ◽  
Kushal Raj ◽  
Pankaj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Chickpea Wilt

Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the most important leguminous crop around the world. Fusarium wilt incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris is a major biotic constraint in chickpea production. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of plant extracts, fungicides and bio-agents against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris under in vitro and field conditions. Methods: Plant extracts and fungicides were evaluated using poison food technique while antagonistic activity of bio-agents was studied using dual culture technique under in vitro conditions. Field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different plant extracts, fungicides and bio-agents against Fusarium wilt at Experimental Area of Plant Pathology, CCS HAU, Hisar.Result: Among thirteen plant extracts evaluated in vitro, neem leaves extract was found to be the most effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris followed by datura leaves’ and garlic cloves’ extract which were statistically at par. Out of six plant extracts tested against Fusarium wilt under field conditions, seed treatment with extracts of neem and datura leaves at 10% concentration were most effective and curtailed the wilt incidence by 39.02 and 34.14% along with 7.55 and 6.83% enhanced seed yield. Among fungicides, carbendazim 50 WP was the most toxic fungicide in restricting colony diameter of the pathogen with the least EC50 and EC90 values of 1.28 and 15.24 ppm a.i. followed by azoxystrobin 23 SC with corresponding values of 1.57 and 49.16 ppm a.i., respectively. Seed treatment with carbendazim 50 WP and azoxystrobin 23 SC were superior over other treatments and provided 88.41 and 85.98% reduction in disease incidence along with 12.85 and 10.99% higher seed yield over control. Among the bio-agents tested, T. viride and T. harzianum gave the best results in suppressing the pathogen growth in vitro and in minimizing the disease incidence coupled with improvement in seed yield under field conditions. The present study has provided chemical and non-chemical measures for integrated management of chickpea wilt.

scholarly journals A Vascular Wilt of Turnsole Caused by Fusarium oxysporum

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 1063-1063
Author(s):  
A. Trapero-Casas ◽  
W. J. Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Chickpea Wilt ◽  
Vascular Discoloration ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
And Control

Turnsole (Chrozophora tinctoria) is a common spring-summer weed in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and other dry-land crop production areas in southern Spain. Under field conditions, this weed often develops a general wilt and eventual death associated with a vascular discoloration of stems and roots. Diseased turnsole plants frequently occurred together with chickpea plants affected by Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, a major disease of chickpea crops in southern Spain (1). Isolations from roots, stems and leaf petioles of turnsole plants consistently yielded F. oxysporum, and it was morphologically similar to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. To test the pathogenicity of this fungus, germinated and previously surface-sterilized seeds of turnsole and chickpea cultivar Blanco Lechoso were planted in a greenhouse soil mixture artificially infested with four isolates of F. oxysporum from turnsole and two isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, one of them inducing the wilt syndrome and the other causing yellowing (1). Pathogenicity tests were conducted following the standard inoculation method used for F. oxysporum in chickpea (1). Inoculated and control plants were maintained in a greenhouse at 15 to 30°C. Isolates of F. oxysporum from turnsole caused wilt symptoms and death of turnsole plants within 2 months, but chickpea isolates did not affect turnsole. Conversely, chickpea plants were affected only by the two isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris from chickpea. All diseased chickpea and turnsole plants exhibited typical vascular discoloration. F. oxysporum was consistently reisolated from the vascular tissues of roots, stems, and leaf petioles of affected plants. Based on these results, the fungus causing wilt of turnsole was identified as a forma specialis of F. oxysporum different from the chickpea wilt pathogen. Since the Fusarium wilt diseases of turnsole and chickpea are caused by different pathogens, the occurrence of F. oxysporum causing wilt of turnsole in the field can not be used to forecast Fusarium wilt of chickpea, but it may be considered as a potential biocontrol agent of this weed under field conditions. This is the first report of F. oxysporum causing wilt of turnsole. Reference: (1) A. Trapero-Casas and R. M. Jiménez-Díaz. Phytopathology 75:1146, 1985.

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ghea Dotulong ◽  
Stella Umboh ◽  
Johanis Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity Test

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro) Ghea Dotulong1*), Stella Umboh1), Johanis Pelealu1), 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 9 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang sering mengalami penurunan dari segi produksi dan produktivitasnya, akibat adanya serangan penyakit layu yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi toksisitas beberapa fungisida nabati dalam mengendalikan penyakit Layu Fusarium (F. oxysporum) pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode umpan beracun. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil Penelitian, diperoleh nilai toksisitas fungisida nabati tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak daun sirsak dengan nilai HR (69,44%), kategori berpengaruh, ditandai dengan diameter koloni 2,75 cm (100ppm) dan yang terendah toksisitasnya yaitu pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut dengan nilai HR (49,81%), kategori cukup berpengaruh ditandai dengan diameter koloni 3,75 cm (25ppm). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diujikan maka semakin tinggi toksisitas dari fungisida nabati yang diberikan.Kata Kunci: fungisida nabati, Fusarium oxysporum, tanaman kentang, In Vitro Abstract Potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the horticulture plants which often decreases in terms of production and productivity, due to the attack of wilt, one of which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of several biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum) in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Vitro. The research method used was the In Vitro method with the poison bait method. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with Variant Analysis (ANAVA), followed by the BNT method. The results showed that the highest biofungicide toxicity value was soursop leaf extract with HR values (69.44%), influential categories, characterized by colony diameter 2.75 cm (100ppm) and the lowest toxicity, namely in kaffir lime leaf extract with a value of HR (49.81%), quite influential category was characterized by colony diameter of 3.75 cm (25ppm). The higher the concentration tested, the higher the toxicity of the biofungicide given.Keywords: biofungicides, Fusarium oxysporum, Potato Plants, In Vitro.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document