Isolation, classification, phylogenetic analysis and scanning electron microscopy of halophilic, halotolerant and alkaliphilic actinomycetes isolated from hypersaline soil

We describe morphological features not previously reported for this old acanthocephalan Nephridiacanthus major (Bremser, 1811 in Westrumb, 1821) Golvan, 1962 first described over 200 years ago. Our specimens were collected from long-eared hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus (Gmelin, 1770) (Erinaceidae) in Iran. We compare the morphometrics of our material with others previously reported from the same host in Iran, Russia, central Asia and Europe. Our specimens had markedly smaller proboscides, proboscis hooks and lemnisci than those reported from Russia and central Asia, but comparable measurements of other structures with specimens previously described from other collections. We document our new observations with scanning electron microscopy features not previously demonstrable by other observers and provide a chemical analysis of proboscis hooks using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis for the first time. The molecular profile of this acanthocephalan, based on 18S rDNA and cox1 genes, was generated for the first time. The phylogenetic analysis showed that N. major is placed in a clade of the family Oligacanthorhynchidae, well separated from the families Moniliformidae and Gigantorhynchidae.

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Balantidium grimi n. sp. (Ciliophora, Litostomatea), a new species inhabiting the rectum of the frog Quasipaa spinosa from Lishui, China

Parasite ◽

10.1051/parasite/2018031 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weishan Zhao ◽

Can Li ◽

Dong Zhang ◽

Runqiu Wang ◽

Yingzhen Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Body Shape ◽

Ssu Rdna ◽

The Body ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

A New Species ◽

Scanning Electron

Balantidium grimi n. sp. is described from the rectum of the frog Quasipaa spinosa (Amphibia, Dicroglossidae) from Lishui, Zhejiang Province, China. The new species is described by both light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a molecular phylogenetic analysis is also presented. This species has unique morphological features in that the body shape is somewhat flattened and the vestibulum is “V”-shaped, occupying nearly 3/8 to 4/7 of the body length. Only one contractile vacuole, situated at the posterior body, was observed. The phylogenetic analysis based on SSU-rDNA indicates that B. grimi groups together with B. duodeni and B. entozoon. In addition, the genus Balantidium is clearly polyphyletic.

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Joermungandr bolti , an exceptionally preserved ‘microsaur’ from the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte reveals patterns of integumentary evolution in Recumbirostra

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.210319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 210319

Author(s):

Arjan Mann ◽

Ami S. Calthorpe ◽

Hillary C. Maddin

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Taxon ◽

Phylogenetic Methods ◽

Mazon Creek ◽

Single Part ◽

Scanning Electron

The Carboniferous Pennsylvanian-aged (309–307 Ma) Mazon Creek Lagerstätte produces some of the earliest fossils of major Palaeozoic tetrapod lineages. Recently, several new tetrapod specimens collected from Mazon Creek have come to light, including the earliest fossorially adapted recumbirostrans. Here, we describe a new long-bodied recumbirostran, Joermungandr bolti gen. et sp. nov., known from a single part and counterpart concretion bearing a virtually complete skeleton. Uniquely, Joermungandr preserves a full suite of dorsal, flank and ventral dermal scales, together with a series of thinned and reduced gastralia. Investigation of these scales using scanning electron microscopy reveals ultrastructural ridge and pit morphologies, revealing complexities comparable to the scale ultrastructure of extant snakes and fossorial reptiles, which have scales modified for body-based propulsion and shedding substrate. Our new taxon also represents an important early record of an elongate recumbirostran bauplan, wherein several features linked to fossoriality, including a characteristic recumbent snout, are present. We used parsimony phylogenetic methods to conduct phylogenetic analysis using the most recent recumbirostran-focused matrix. The analysis recovers Joermungandr within Recumbirostra with likely affinities to the sister clades Molgophidae and Brachystelechidae. Finally, we review integumentary patterns in Recumbirostra, noting reductions and losses of gastralia and osteoderms associated with body elongation and, thus, probably also associated with increased fossoriality.

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Description of larva of Amblyomma romitii (Acari: Ixodidae) by optical and scanning electron microscopy, including porotaxy and phylogenetic analysis

Experimental and Applied Acarology ◽

10.1007/s10493-012-9631-0 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 271-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Darci M. Barros-Battesti ◽

Diego G. Ramirez ◽

Janio dos Santos Sampaio ◽

Katia M. Famadas ◽

João Luiz H. Faccini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Scanning Electron

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Comparative anatomy and phylogeny of the Forcipulatacea (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): insights from ossicle morphology

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society ◽

10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz127 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 189 (3) ◽

pp. 921-952 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marine Fau ◽

Loïc Villier

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Comparative Anatomy ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Consensus Tree ◽

Sea Stars ◽

Extant Species ◽

Tree Resolution ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract A new phylogenetic analysis of the superorder Forcipulatacea is presented. Forcipulatacea is one of the three major groups of sea stars (Asteroidea: Echinodermata), composed of 400 extant species. The sampled taxa are thought to represent the morphological diversity of the group. Twenty-nine forcipulate taxa were sampled belonging to Asteriidae, Stichasteridae, Heliasteridae, Pedicellasteridae, Zoroasteridae and Brisingida. Specimens were dissected with bleach. Detailed description of the skeleton and the anatomy of the ossicles were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Comparative anatomy allowed the scoring of 115 phylogenetically informative characters. The consensus tree resulting from the analysis recovers Asteriidae, Stichasteridae, Zoroasteridae and Brisingida as monophyletic. All types of morphological features contribute to tree resolution and may be appropriate for taxon diagnosis. The synapomorphies supporting different clades are described and discussed. Brisingida and Zoroasteridae are the best-supported clades. The potentially challenging position of Brisingida in the tree may be explained by homoplastic changes, but also by the presence of numerous non-applicable characters.

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Nutlet Micromorphology and Character Evolution of Some Species of Rochelieae (Boraginaceae) and Its Systematic Implications

10.21203/rs.3.rs-521851/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mostafa Ebadi ◽

Sedigheh Nikzat

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Character Evolution ◽

Species Level ◽

Phylogenetic Significance ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Micro Morphology ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract Background: The macro/micro-morphology of nutlets in 11 species (and 22 accessions) of the Boraginaceae family was investigated by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the taxonomic relevance of these traits. To evaluate the phylogenetic significance of the character evolution, available DNA sequence data from GenBank were combined with selected original nutlet data, and phylogenetic analysis was performed.Results: The Rochelieae nutlets' shape varied from ovoid (ovoid, ovoid-triangular, and ovoid-rectangular) to the pyramid. Six major patterns were recognized based on nutlet ultrastructure characters. Rocheliae is characterized by a transition from “without appendage” to “with tubercles and prickles” on the nutlet disk, and also by a shift from “lack of prickles” to “glossy prickles”.Conclusions: The results indicated that the nutlet ultrastructure pattern of Rochelieae is systematically informative at the genus level, but not at the species level. The results showed that glochid is not an ancestral trait but is a synapomorphy and the transition to this trait occurred in the genus Lappula. The Close boundary of nutlet microstructures between L. barbata and L. microcarpa was discussed.

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Nutlet micromorphology and character evolution of Lappula species (Boraginaceae) and its systematic implications

Botanical Studies ◽

10.1186/s40529-021-00325-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mostafa Ebadi ◽

Sedigheh Nikzat

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Character Evolution ◽

Species Level ◽

Phylogenetic Significance ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Micro Morphology ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract Background The macro/micro-morphology of nutlets in 11 species (and 22 accessions) of the Boraginaceae family was investigated using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the taxonomic relevance of the traits. To evaluate the phylogenetic significance of the character evolution, phylogenetic analysis was carried out by comparing available DNA sequence data from GenBank with selected original nutlet data. Results The Rochelieae nutlets' shape varied from ovoid (ovoid, ovoid-triangular, and ovoid-rectangular) to pyramid. Six major patterns were recognized based on the nutlet ultrastructure characters. Rocheliae is characterized by a transition from “without appendage” to “with tubercles and prickles” on the nutlet disk, and also via a shift from “lack of prickles” to “glossy prickles”. Conclusions The results show that the nutlet ultrastructure pattern of Rochelieae is systematically informative at the genus level, but not at the species level. Findings demonstrated that glochid is not an ancestral trait but is a synapomorphy and the transition to this trait occurred in the genus Lappula. The close boundary of nutlet microstructures between L. barbata and L. microcarpa has been discussed.

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Teunia rosae sp. nov. and Teunia rudbeckiae sp. nov. (Cryptococcaceae, Tremellales), two novel basidiomycetous yeast species isolated from flowers

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijsem.0.004423 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (10) ◽

pp. 5394-5400

Author(s):

Gui-Shuang Wang ◽

Yu Zhou ◽

Lu Xue ◽

Ai-Hua Li ◽

Wangmu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Yeast Species ◽

Novel Species ◽

Its Region ◽

Basidiomycetous Yeast ◽

Yeast Strains ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Scanning Electron

Three yeast strains isolated from three flower samples were identified as representing two novel species of Teunia based on molecular phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic comparisons. Strains 12A8 and 21S4 with pink cream colonies and subglobose to globose cells had identical sequences in the ITS and LSU D1/D2 regions, which differed from strain X54 with cream colonies and ovoid to ellipsoidal cells by 6 nt substitutions (1 %) and 9 nt mismatches (1.5 %) in the D1/D2 domains and ITS region, respectively. They could also be distinguished from each other in assimilation of glucitol and salicin, growth at 28 °C and cell fibrillar appendages under scanning electron microscopy. The three strains differed from known species of Teunia by more than 8 nt (1.3 %) and 30 nt (5 %) in the D1/D2 domains and ITS region, respectively. Therefore, the names Teunia rudbeckiae sp. nov. (Holotype CGMCC 2.5840, Mycobank MB 835892) and Teunia rosae sp. nov. (Holotype CGMCC 2.5830, MycoBank MB 835891) are proposed to accommodate strain X54, and strains 12A8 and 21S4, respectively.

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New molecular and phenotypic data on Mayamaea Arida (Bock) Lange-Bertalot (Bacillariophyta)

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/937/2/022002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 937 (2) ◽

pp. 022002

Author(s):

V B Bagmet ◽

A Yu Nikulin ◽

Sh R Abdullin ◽

V Yu Nikulin ◽

A A Gontcharov

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Soil Sample ◽

Rare Species ◽

Shape Index ◽

Plastid Gene ◽

Phenotypic Data ◽

Length Width ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract Mayamaea arida (Bock) Lange-Bertalot is a rare species, previously recorded from four locations in Europe only. The aim of this study is to report additional molecular, phenotypic and geographic data on M. arida. The strain of this species was isolated from the soil sample collected on 04.08.2018 in Iturup Island (Sakhalin Region, Russia) in Haplic Cambisol. The strain was identified using light and scanning electron microscopy. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the M. arida was a member of the strongly supported Mayamaea generic clade and resolved as a basal lineage in the subclade comprised by M. atomus and M. terrestris. New data on partial rbcL plastid gene, chloroplasts morphology and nucleus, lower limit of the cell length, higher number of striae in 10 urn, shape index (length/width), teratological forms and distribution of species are presented.

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The enigmatic Nearctic genus Ceramphis Casey revisited (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.5005.1.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5005 (1) ◽

pp. 77-84

Author(s):

PAWEŁ JAŁOSZYŃSKI

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

North America ◽

Body Shape ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

Scanning Electron

Ceramphis Casey is the only genus of Scydmaenini restricted to North America. Despite previous redescriptions of the only included species, C. deformata (Horn), not all taxonomically important structures have been illustrated, and consequently morphological affinities with other Scydmaenini genera remain unclear. Ceramphis deformata is redescribed with exoskeletal features documented by scanning electron microscopy. Similarities and differences in relation to all remaining Scydmaenini (preliminarily subdivided into three groups of genera) are discussed. Differences between Ceramphis and Scydmaenus seem rather minor and Ceramphis, apart from its unusual body shape, closely resembles a group of several subgenera of Scydmaenus characterized by the metanepisterna fused with the metaventrite. However, unclear taxonomy of Scydmaenus with its 30 ill-defined subgenera makes it impossible to decide whether Ceramphis should be maintained as a genus or reduced to a subgenus of Scydmaenus. For this reason, status of Ceramphis remains unchanged, until a comprehensive revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Adrastia-Ceramphis-Scydmaenus group of genera has been carried out.

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