scholarly journals Clinical assessment of the oral cavity of patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit of an emergency hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maristela Kapitski da Cruz ◽  
Teresa Márcia Nascimento de Morais ◽  
Deny Munari Trevisani
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Emergency Hospital

Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and assessment of acute or chronic hepatic failure

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Unit Admission ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Separate Entity ◽  
Chronic Liver Failure ◽  
The Core

Cirrhosis is an increasing problem and prognosis following intensive care unit admission is poor. Acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a separate entity to cirrhosis with organ failure at the core of this syndrome. Infection and the associated systemic inflammatory responses are the most important precipitants of ACLF. Clinical assessment should follow the standard airway breathing circulation disability exposure approach to the critically-ill patient.

Investigation and management of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Outbreak in Intensive Care Unit of Tanta University Emergency Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Sara Youssef Maxwell ◽  
Mohamed S. Abd Elghafar ◽  
Maii A. Shams Eldeen
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
First Case ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection is responsible for a wide range of infections including pneumonia, bacteremia, wound infections, and urinary tract infections. Objective: To investigate and manage the occurrence of multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae outbreak in Intensive Care Unit of Tanta University Emergency Hospital. Methodology: The investigation of the outbreak included isolates identification and typing while management included implementation of infection prevention and control precautions; establishment of an Outbreak Control Team; epidemiological investigations; and decontamination of environment. Results: During September 2020, five patients in the Intensive Care Unit in Emergency Hospital of Tanta University had multi drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae identified in samples obtained from a variety of specimens. The fifth case was identified 10 days following confirmation of the first case. The Microbiology laboratory confirmed the five cases had identical Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. This suggests that there was a patient-to- patient spread of multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion: This investigation revealed the importance of proactive recognition of a possible outbreak, screening of patients transferred from other hospitals, early identification of any unusual microorganisms and implementation of early infection control interventions.

scholarly journals Incidence of Candida species colonization in neonatal intensive care unit at Riyadh Hospital, Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-81
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Alhussaini
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Candidal Species ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Candida species are important hospital-acquired pathogens in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This study was performed in the NICU of Saudi Arabian Hospital, Riyadh region, KSA to analyze patterns of neonatal Candida colonization as well as to determine the potential risk factors.Methods: Weekly surveillance fungal cultures of anal area, oral cavity, umbilicus and ear canal of neonates were performed from birth until their discharge from the hospital. Colonization was analyzed for timing, site, species, birth weight and gestational age. Potential environmental reservoirs and hands of health care workers (HCWs) were also cultured monthly for fungi. Antifungal susceptibility of the identified isolates was also determined.Results: One hundred subjects have been recruited in this study. The overall colonization rate was 51%. Early colonization was found in 27 (27%) neonates whereas 24 (24%) neonates were lately colonized during their stay in NICU. Colonization was more in preterm neonates than in full and post term. Perianal area and oral cavity were the most frequent colonized sites. C. albicans was the main spp. (58.8%) isolated from the neonates followed by C. tropicalis (17.6%), C. glabrata (15.6%), and C. krusei (2%). Of the 51 isolated Candida spp., 68.6% were sensitive to fluconazole, 80% to itraconazole and 64.7% to ketoconazole, while only 33% were sensitive to amphotericin B.Conclusion: Candida has emerged as a common cause of infections in infants admitted to NICU, and C. albicans is the most commonly isolated candidal species. Neonatal infections caused by non- albicans species occur at a later age during their stay in NICU.

scholarly journals To B or not to B. The rationale for quantifying B-lines in paediatric lung diseases.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niccolò Parri ◽  
Marco Allinovi ◽  
Martina Giacalone ◽  
Iuri Corsini
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Exogenous Surfactant ◽  
B Lines

The evaluation of the lung by ultrasound is an adjunct tool to the clinical assessment. Among different hallmarks at lung ultrasound, B-lines are well known artifacts which are not correlated to identifiable structures but can be used as an instrument for pathological classification. Multiple B-lines are the sonographic sign of lung interstitial syndrome with a direct correlation between the number of B-lines and the severity of the interstitial involvement of lung disease. In neonatology and paediatrics, the quantitative assessment of B-lines is questionable as opposed to in adult medical care. Counting B-lines is an attempt to enrich the clinical assessment and clinical information, and not simply arrive at a dichotomous answer. A semiquantitative or quantitative B-lines assessment was shown to correlate with fluid overload and demonstrated prognostic implications in specific neonatal and paediatric conditions. In neonatology, the count of B-lines is used to predict the need for admission in neonatal intensive care unit and the need for exogenous surfactant treatment. In paediatrics, the B-lines count has the role of quantifying hypervolemia in infants and children receiving dialysis. B-lines as predictors of length of stay in the paediatric intensive care unit after cardiac surgery, as a marker of disease severity in bronchiolitis, or as an indicator of lung involvement from SARS-CoV-2 infection are speculative and not yet supported by solid evidence. Lung ultrasound with the quantitative B-lines assessment is promising. The current evidence allows to use the quantification of B-lines in a limited number of neonatal and paediatric diseases.

scholarly journals Predisposing factors, clinical assessment, management and outcomes of agitation in the trauma intensive care unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Mahmood ◽  
Omaima Mahmood ◽  
Ayman El-Menyar ◽  
Mohammad Asim ◽  
Hassan Al-Thani
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Predisposing Factors
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