scholarly journals Drug consumption among elderly and harm reduction: a reflection from the complexity

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia Dias Cruz ◽  
Silvana Sidney Costa Santos ◽  
Daiane Porto Gautério-Abreu ◽  
Bárbara Tarouco da Silva ◽  
Silomar Ilha
Keyword(s):  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Drug Consumption

scholarly journals Harm reduction in primary healthcare: an integrative review of care strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayana Santos Arêa Soares ◽  
Márcia Astrês Fernandes ◽  
Hellany Karolliny Pinho Ribeiro ◽  
Daniel de Macêdo Rocha ◽  
Ítalo Arão Pereira Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Safe Practice ◽  
Opioid Agonists ◽  
Free Care

Abstract Objective: To analyze the evidence available in the literature on harm reduction actions developed by primary healthcare. Method: Integrative literature review carried out in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of ScienceTM and LILACS. Results: Seventeen (17) primary studies published from 2008 to 2017 were included in this review. Care strategies for harm reduction included maintenance treatment with methadone, therapy with opioid agonists, needle and syringe distribution programs and the creation of rooms for supervised drug consumption. Health professionals were essential for consolidating inclusion strategies, possessing skills to listen without judgment and prejudice. Conclusion: Harm reduction care strategies have been disseminated in different countries and healthcare levels, aiming toward safe practice and quality, effective and risk-free care actions.

scholarly journals Of Rats And Men: Peer Presence And Familiarity Are Key Factors Which Reduce Drug Intake

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Giorla ◽  
S Nordmann ◽  
Y Pelloux ◽  
P Roux ◽  
S Rosellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Transdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTSocial environment influences drug consumption, its persistence and evolution. Little is known regarding the influence of the presence of a peer during drug consumption and especially how the relationship between peers (familiarity and dominance) can influence drug consumption. We used here a translational and transdisciplinary approach to explore the influence of peer presence and peer familiarity in rats and humans that self-administer stimulants. In rats, cocaine intake was compared when rats were alone with intake when peers with different characteristics (familiar or not, cocaine naive or not, dominant or subordinate) were present. In humans, 77 cocaine and/or methylphenidate users were asked to detail their most recent drug use episodes and their relationship with peers present at consumption. The results show that in both humans and rats, the risk of cocaine/stimulant consumption was significantly reduced by 37% and 32%, respectively, when a peer was present. Moreover, the lowest risk of consumption was consistently observed when the peer was unfamiliar (vs familiar) with a further 38% and 17% risk reduction, respectively. In rats, a decreased risk of consumption was greater when the peer was cocaine naive (vs non-cocaine naive).The presence of a non-familiar and possibly drug-naive peer is the most efficient condition to diminish stimulant intake. Our results indirectly support the use of harm reduction strategies, in particular supervised consumption rooms for stimulant users.

scholarly journals Impact of drug consumption rooms on risk practices and access to care in people who inject drugs in France: the COSINUS prospective cohort study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e023683
Author(s):  
Marc Auriacombe ◽  
Perrine Roux ◽  
Laélia Briand Madrid ◽  
Sébastien Kirchherr ◽  
Charlotte Kervran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Risk Practices ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThe high prevalence of hepatitis C and the persistence of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) risk practices in people who inject drugs (PWID) in France underlines the need for innovative prevention interventions. The main objective of this article is to describe the design of the COSINUS cohort study and outline the issues it will explore to evaluate the impact of drug consumption rooms (DCR) on PWID outcomes. Secondary objectives are to assess how DCR (a) influence other drug-related practices, such as the transition from intravenous to less risky modes of use, (b) reduce drug use frequency/quantity, (c) increase access to treatment for addiction and comorbidities (infectious, psychiatric and other), (d) improve social conditions and (e) reduce levels of violence experienced and drug-related offences. COSINUS will also give us the opportunity to investigate the impact of other harm reduction tools in France and their combined effect with DCR on reducing HIV-HCV risk practices. Furthermore, we will be better able to identify PWID needs.Methods and analysisEnrollment in this prospective multi-site cohort study started in June 2016. Overall, 680 PWID in four different cities (Bordeaux, Marseilles, Paris and Strasbourg) will be enrolled and followed up for 12 months through face-to-face structured interviews administered by trained staff to all eligible participants at baseline (M0), 3 month (M3), 6 month (M6) and 12 month (M12) follow-up visits. These interviews gather data on socio-demographic characteristics, past and current drug and alcohol consumption, drug-use related practices, access to care and social services, experience of violence (as victims), offences, other psychosocial issues and perception and needs about harm reduction interventions and services. Longitudinal data analysis will use a mixed logistic model to assess the impact of individual and structural factors, including DCR attendance and exposure to other harm reduction services, on the main outcome (HIV-HCV risk practices).Ethics and disseminationThis study was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board of the French Institute of Medical Research and Health (opinion number: 14–166). The findings of this cohort study will help to assess the impact of DCR on HIV-HCV risk practices and other psycho-social outcomes and trajectories. Moreover, they will enable health authorities to shape health and harm reduction policies according to PWID needs. Finally, they will also help to improve current harm reduction and therapeutic interventions and to create novel ones.

Drug consumption rooms in Catalonia: A comprehensive evaluation of social, health and harm reduction benefits

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinta Folch ◽  
Nicolas Lorente ◽  
Xavier Majó ◽  
Oleguer Parés-Badell ◽  
Xavier Roca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Social Health

scholarly journals A Slow March from Social Evil to Harm Reduction: Drugs and Drug Policy in Vietnam

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Windle
Keyword(s):  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Drug Policy ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Drug Problem ◽  
Social Evil ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe suppression of drug consumption and trade is high on the Government of Vietnam’s agenda. To accomplish this goal, Vietnam employs repressive policies that often contravene international human rights law. Among the most detrimental and problematic policies are the incarceration of drug users in compulsory treatment centers, and the stigmatization and abuse of consumers by the police. Vietnamese drug policy is, however, slowly changing in the face of one of Asia’s worst ongoing HIV epidemics. While the Communist Government of the early-1990s designated illicit drugs as a “social evil” to be eradicated through punitive and often repressive means, the recent implementation of harm reduction approaches have reduced the level of needle sharing, and thus HIV transmission. This briefing will explore the current trends in drug consumption, production, and trafficking before looking at the key harms and threats associated with drugs in Vietnam. This will be followed by a summary of Vietnam’s drug policies, including the country’s approach to drug treatment, harm reduction, and illicit opium suppression: Vietnam is one of a small number of states to have suppressed illicit opium production, an intervention that centred upon coercive negotiations with limited alternative development. The briefing will conclude with some tentative recommendations for reform and thoughts on what could be expected from Vietnam during the Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly on the World Drug Problem (UNGASS 2016).

Safe Injection Sites and the Ethic of Harm Reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Scott R. Lefor ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Societal Costs ◽  
General Argument ◽  
Safe Injection ◽  
American Cities

While the concept of safe injection sites, which are geared toward addressing harms related to illicit drug consumption and addiction, has been around for several decades—such facilities were operational in the Netherlands as early as the 1970s—it has again been brought to the fore due to developments in California. Other large American cities, such as Philadelphia, have also proposed such sites. The debate over these sites often takes a public policy focus, weighing societal costs and benefits, but these ultimately fail to justify moral liceity. After describing what safe injection sites are and what they seek to accomplish, a general argument in defense of these sites will be constructed based primarily on Andrew Hathaway and Kirk Tousaw. I will argue against such facilities because they are ultimately founded on a framework with a fundamentally flawed consequentialist outlook and because they encourage illicit cooperation in immoral acts.

scholarly journals Injecting as a sexual practice: Cultural formations of ‘slamsex’

Sexualities ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136346072098692
Author(s):  
Kane Race ◽  
Dean Murphy ◽  
Kiran Pienaar ◽  
Toby Lea
Keyword(s):  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Sexual Practice ◽  
Crystal Methamphetamine ◽  
Cultural Formations

‘Slamsex’ has emerged in gay vernacular in recent years to denote a particular way of taking drugs and a particular kind of sex. Slamming refers in this context to the practice of injecting drugs – typically crystal methamphetamine – intravenously. To pair ‘slamming’ with ‘sex’ is to propose that a particular mode of drug administration is constitutive of a particular kind of sex – a relatively novel idea that deserves some unpacking. What does it mean to make a route of drug administration definitional in the delineation of a sexual practice? What does this move reveal about contemporary practices of sex and drug consumption? In this article, we explore these questions with reference to theories of drug effects and practitioners’ accounts of slamsex. We conclude by considering the implications of our analysis for slamsex relations and associated harm reduction measures.

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