scholarly journals The frequency of bucal and palatal impaction maxillary canines

Praxis medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Sanja Simić ◽  
Jasna Pavlović ◽  
Vladanka Vukićević ◽  
Amila Vujačić
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Impacted Tooth ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Significant Frequency ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Vertical Impaction

Introduction: Maxillary canines are usually impacted teeth the second after third molar. Frequency of impacted maxillary canines is about 1 to 3% of population (in 85% of the cases palataly, and in 15% of the cases bucaly). The aim of this research was to find the frequency of bucal and palatal impacted maxillary canines in relation to sex and position of impacted tooth. Matherial and method: We analyzed three-dimensional computed tomography images (CBCT) of 64 examinees (aged 12 to 33 years) with 80 unerupted maxillary canines to plan the orthodontic therapy. Results: Among 64 examines with impactions, 80 impacted maxillary canines are diagnosed. The average age of all respondents in the survey is 16,3±4,3. Of 64 examinees in research 41(64.1%) were female which is significantly more important than the representation of male examinees whose number was 23(35.9%). Frequency of unilateral impactions of maxillary canines is three times higher 48 (75%) in comparison to bilateral impactions 16 (25%). Of total 80 impacted maxillary canines 19 (23.75%) were bucal impacted, 3 (2.75%) in the middle of alveolus and 58 (72.5%) palatally. With the bucal and palatal impaction usually was represented partially vertical impaction (70%); completely horizontal impaction (10%) was represented only in the palatal impaction. Conclusion: The analysis of CBCT images of maxilla shows a statistically significant frequency of partially vertical, unilateral and paltally localized impacted maxillary canines.

scholarly journals Immersive 3D virtual reality imaging in planning minimally invasive and complex adult cardiac surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Amir H Sadeghi ◽  
Wouter Bakhuis ◽  
Frank Van Schaagen ◽  
Frans B S Oei ◽  
Jos A Bekkers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cardiothoracic Surgery ◽  
Planning Tool ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

Abstract Aims Increased complexity in cardiac surgery over the last decades necessitates more precise preoperative planning to minimize operating time, to limit the risk of complications during surgery and to aim for the best possible patient outcome. Novel, more realistic, and more immersive techniques, such as three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality (VR) could potentially contribute to the preoperative planning phase. This study shows our initial experience on the implementation of immersive VR technology as a complementary research-based imaging tool for preoperative planning in cardiothoracic surgery. In addition, essentials to set up and implement a VR platform are described. Methods Six patients who underwent cardiac surgery at the Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, between March 2020 and August 2020, were included, based on request by the surgeon and availability of computed tomography images. After 3D VR rendering and 3D segmentation of specific structures, the reconstruction was analysed via a head mount display. All participating surgeons (n = 5) filled out a questionnaire to evaluate the use of VR as preoperative planning tool for surgery. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that immersive 3D VR visualization of anatomy might be beneficial as a supplementary preoperative planning tool for cardiothoracic surgery, and further research on this topic may be considered to implement this innovative tool in daily clinical practice. Lay summary Over the past decades, surgery on the heart and vessels is becoming more and more complex, necessitating more precise and accurate preoperative planning. Nowadays, operative planning is feasible on flat, two-dimensional computer screens, however, requiring a lot of spatial and three-dimensional (3D) thinking of the surgeon. Since immersive 3D virtual reality (VR) is an upcoming imaging technique with promising results in other fields of surgery, we aimed in this study to explore the additional value of this technique in heart surgery. Our surgeons planned six different heart operations by visualizing computed tomography scans with a dedicated VR headset, enabling them to visualize the patient’s anatomy in an immersive and 3D environment. The outcomes of this preliminary study are positive, with a much more reality-like simulation for the surgeon. In such, VR could potentially be beneficial as a preoperative planning tool for complex heart surgery.

Total Wrist Arthroplasty Alignment and Its Potential Association with Clinical Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bardiya Akhbari ◽  
Kalpit N. Shah ◽  
Amy M. Morton ◽  
Janine Molino ◽  
Douglas C. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Radial Component ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Total Wrist Arthroplasty ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Wrist Arthroplasty

Abstract Purpose There is a lack of quantitative research that describes the alignment and, more importantly, the effects of malalignment on total wrist arthroplasty (TWA). The main goal of this pilot study was to assess the alignment of TWA components in radiographic images and compare them with measures computed by three-dimensional analysis. Using these measures, we then determined if malalignment is associated with range of motion (ROM) or clinical outcomes (PRWHE, PROMIS, QuickDash, and grip strength). Methods Six osteoarthritic patients with a single type of TWA were recruited. Radiographic images, computed tomography images, and clinical outcomes of the wrists were recorded. Using posteroanterior and lateral radiographs, alignment measurements were defined for the radial and carpal components. Radiographic measurements were validated with models reconstructed from computed tomography images using Bland–Altman analysis. Biplanar videoradiography (<1mm and <1 degree accuracy) was used to capture and compute ROM of the TWA components. Linear regression assessed the associations between alignment and outcomes. Results Radiographic measures had a 95% limit-of-agreement (mean difference ±  1.96 × SD) of 3 degrees and 3mm with three-dimensional values, except for the measures of the carpal component in the lateral view. In our small cohort, wrist flexion–extension and radial–ulnar deviation were correlated with volar–dorsal tilt and volar–dorsal offset of the radial component and demonstrated a ROM increase of 3.7 and 1.6 degrees per degree increase in volar tilt, and 10.8 and 4.2 degrees per every millimeter increase in volar offset. The carpal component's higher volar tilt was also associated with improvements in patient-reported pain. Conclusions We determined metrics describing the alignment of TWA, and found the volar tilt and volar offset of the radial component could potentially influence the replaced wrist's ROM. Clinical Relevance TWA component alignment can be measured reliably in radiographs, and may be associated with clinical outcomes. Future studies must evaluate its role in a larger cohort.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional assessment of the anterior and inferior loop of the inferior alveolar nerve using computed tomography images in patients with and without mandibular asymmetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Young Kim ◽  
Michael D. Han ◽  
Kug Jin Jeon ◽  
Jong-Ki Huh ◽  
Kwang-Ho Park
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Symmetry Group ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mandibular Body

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in configuration and dimensions of the anterior loop of the inferior alveolar nerve (ALIAN) in patients with and without mandibular asymmetry. Method Preoperative computed tomography images of patients who had undergone orthognathic surgery from January 2016 to December 2018 at a single institution were analyzed. Subjects were classified into two groups as “Asymmetry group” and “Symmetry group”. The distance from the most anterior and most inferior points of the ALIAN (IANant and IANinf) to the vertical and horizontal reference planes were measured (dAnt and dInf). The distance from IANant and IANinf to the mental foramen were also calculated (dAnt_MF and dInf_MF). The length of the mandibular body and symphysis area were measured. All measurements were analyzed using 3D analysis software. Results There were 57 total eligible subjects. In the Asymmetry group, dAnt and dAnt_MF on the non-deviated side were significantly longer than the deviated side (p < 0.001). dInf_MF on the non-deviated side was also significantly longer than the deviated side (p = 0.001). Mandibular body length was significantly longer on the non-deviated side (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in length in the symphysis area (p = 0.623). In the Symmetry group, there was no difference between the left and right sides for all variables. Conclusion In asymmetric patients, there is a difference tendency in the ALIAN between the deviated and non-deviated sides. In patients with mandibular asymmetry, this should be considered during surgery in the anterior mandible.

scholarly journals Clinical assessment of impacted lower third molars at Ekpan, Delta State in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-355
Author(s):  
Mabel Okiemute Etetafia ◽  
Ese Anibor ◽  
Martins Obaroefe
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Impacted Tooth ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Introduction: Diagnosis and management of impacted mandibular third molars call for a cogent appraisal and treatment choice both for the sick person and the dental practitioner. This academic work scrutinized the pattern as well as treatment of impacted mandibular third molars at the Teem Clinic and Dental Centre, Ekpan, Delta State, in Nigeria.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 131 cases who reported impacted mandibular third molars. The age, gender, impacted tooth, type of impaction, pathological conditions, and treatment proffered were recorded.Results: The male to female ratio was 0.8:1, with an age range of 10 to 40 years. Of the lower third molar impactions 58 (42.0%) were mesioangular, 5 (3.6%) horizontal, 18 (13.0%) vertical and 57 (41.3%) were distoangular. A total of 47 (34.1%) quested for dental attention following varying degrees of pain induced by pericoronitis. Teeth removal was accomplished for 76 (55.0%) owing to carious lesions on the impacted teeth, proximate tooth, or both. Surgical extraction was the option taken in 69 (50.0 %) with caries on the impacted teeth while 3 (2.2%) had to pull out of their teeth done owing to carious lesions on the bordering second molars. In 3 (2.2%) both the impacted third molar and the proximate second molar were decayed. Conclusions: The prevailing indication for pulling out impacted mandibular third molars was acute pericoronitis. Mesioangular sort of impaction was most recurrent and ought to be considered for theplausibility of frequentness of complications.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of COVID-19 Infection Using Three-Dimensional Semantic Segmentation and Classification of Computed Tomography Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 2451-2467
Author(s):  
Javaria Amin ◽  
Muhammad Sharif ◽  
Muhammad Almas Anjum ◽  
Yunyoung Nam ◽  
Seifedine Kadry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Computed Tomography Images
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