“Hold infinity in the palm of your hand.” A functional description of time expressions through fingers based on Chinese Sign Language naturalistic data

This paper investigates the relationship between fingers and time representations in naturalistic Chinese Sign Language (CSL). Based on a CSL Corpus (Shanghai Variant, 2016–), we offer a thorough description of finger configurations for time expressions from 63 deaf signers, including three main types: digital, numeral incorporation, and points-to-fingers. The former two were further divided into vertical and horizontal fingers according to the orientation of fingertips. The results showed that there were interconnections between finger representations, numbers, ordering, and time in CSL. Vertical fingers were mainly used to quantify time units, whereas horizontal fingers were mostly used for sequencing or ordering events, and their forms could be influenced by Chinese number characters and the vertical writing direction. Furthermore, the use of points-to-fingers (e.g., pointing to the thumb, index, or little finger) formed temporal connectives in CSL and could be patterned to put a conversation in order. Additionally, CSL adopted similar linguistic forms in sequential time and adverbs of reason (e.g., cause and effect: events that happened earlier and events that happen later). Such a cause-and-effect relationship was a special type of temporal sequence. In conclusion, fingers are essential for time representation in CSL and their forms are biologically and culturally shaped.

Is It Possible to Perform Fifth Carpometacarpal Joint Arthroscopy? Cadaveric Study on Its Feasibility, Safety, and Potential Hazards in Portal Creation

Background Fifth carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) fracture dislocation is a relatively rare injury and most will require operative treatment because of its unstable nature. Improper reduction and fixation lead to joint surface destruction, pain, and reduced grasping power. Intra-articular fragment reduction is often obscured by dorsally displaced ulnar fragment. Therefore, fifth CMCJ arthroscopy can be advantageous in assisting intra-articular fragment reduction. However, there is no detailed description of the portal landmarks or portals' relationship with adjacent important structures in the literature. Purposes To explore the feasibility and safety of fifth CMCJ arthroscopy, locations of the portals are examined in cadaveric hand specimens. Their proximity to important anatomical structures such as dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve (DCBUN), ring finger and little finger extensor digitorum communis (EDC), and extensor digiti minimi (EDM) is measured. Methods Fifth CMCJ arthroscopy is performed on 11 cadaveric hand specimens by specialist-level surgeon. The portals are marked and portal positions are further confirmed under the fluoroscopy. Then the cadaveric specimens were undergone anatomical dissection by specialist-level surgeon. During dissection, the spatial relationship between the portal positions and DCBUN, EDC to ring finger and little finger, and EDM is identified. The distance between the portals and the above important structures was measured in millimeters. Results DCBUN was consistently found between fourth metacarpohamate (4-MH) and fifth metacarpohamate (5-MH) portals, with it being closer to the latter (mean distance, 2.03 mm; range, 0–4.43 mm; standard deviation [SD], 1.09 mm). The closest tendon for 4-MH portal is ring finger EDC (mean distance, 2.65 mm; range, 0–5.89 mm; SD, 1.78 mm), while 5-MH portal and accessory portal were closest to EDC (mean distance, 1.88 mm; range, 0–3.69 mm; SD, 1.25 mm) and EDM (mean distance, 7.79 mm; range, 6.63–10.72 mm; SD, 1.49 mm), respectively. During the process of specimen dissection, we found no damage to the above structures after portal introduction. Conclusion The above findings support the use of fifth CMCJ arthroscopy, which can be used for assisted reduction in fifth metacarpal base fracture dislocation and hamate body fracture. Gentle soft tissue spreading technique during portal creation prevents injury to the important structure surrounding the portals. Level of evidence This is a Level V study.

A Bruise, a Neck, and a Little Finger

Ruth Ellis was the last woman to be hanged in Britain. On April 10, 1955, in front of witnesses, she shot and killed her lover, David Blakely, and was immediately arrested and imprisoned. In so many other ways, however, her life was similar to those of many aspirational women of the working classes in postwar Britain; she achieved notoriety because of the murder and execution. This essay uses archives of press photography to examine the diverse ways in which Ellis constructed her identity and was represented to the public as a sexualized woman. It attempts a feminist encounter with the visual archive—an encounter not only with an individual woman but also, and as importantly, with 1950s sex, sexuality, class, and violence.

Camptodactyly correction: A report of two cases

Camptodactyly is a condition where there is a permanent flexion contracture at the proximal interphalangeal joint mostly involving the little finger. This condition has a varied presentation and hence treatment is controversial, whether conservative management or surgical correction. Here, we present two cases of camptodactyly that were managed with surgery.

Evaluating The Relationship Between Dermatoglyphics and Mandibular Third Molar Impaction - A Cross-Sectional study

Introduction: Dermatoglyphics may be of clinical significance to segregate those individuals who are at an increased risk for the presence of an impacted tooth. Dermatoglyphics seems to be promising as a non-invasive diagnostic tool to forecast the presence/absence of an impacted tooth. Objective The study aimed to analyze the most common pattern of dermatoglyphics present in an individual with/without impacted tooth and find a dermatoglyphic marker if any. Methods A cross-sectional study comprising of 180 subjects (90 cases and 90 control) was conducted. Blue duplicating ink was applied on the fingertips using the rolling impression technique and recorded. Results In individuals predisposed to the presence of impacted teeth, there was an increase in the frequency of WHORL-PLAIN pattern in right hand ring finger (60%) and left hand little finger (33.3%) with a p-value of 0.028 and 0.009 respectively, and LOOP-ULNAR in the right hand middle finger (74.4%) with a p-value of 0.024. Forward stepwise binary logistic regression analysis showed the left hand little finger to be the most predictive for impaction. Conclusion Dermatoglyphics could serve as a non-invasive marker to forecast the presence/absence of an impacted tooth. Its utility lies in early diagnosis to curtail the surgical complications associated with symptomatic removal of an impacted tooth.

Development and Implementation of an Anthropomorphic Underactuated Prosthesis with Adaptive Grip

This paper describes the design of a prosthetic hand for wrist amputations. The mechanism considers the use of three actuators: one each for the movement of the little finger, annular finger, and middle finger. The second actuator controls the index finger, and the third controls the thumb. The prototype is considered relevant as it is able to move the distal phalanx in all fingers; the little, annular, and middle fingers are able to adapt to the shape of the object being gripped (adaptive grip). The sequence of movements achieved with the thumb emulate the opposition/reposition and flexion/extension movements, commanded by a single actuator. The proposed design was built by additive manufacturing and effortlessly achieves a large number of grips. Additionally, the prosthesis could perform specific movements, such as holding a needle, although this grip demands higher precision in the control of the fingers. Due to the manufacturing method, the prosthesis weighs only 200 g, increasing to 450 g when the actuators are included, therefore weighing less than an average adult’s hand.

Wyrazy mi(e)zyniec, mizynek ‘mały palec’, ‘najmłodsze dziecko, cielę, prosię, kurczę’ odczytane na nowo

The text discusses the wordsmi(e)zyniec, mizynek ‘little finger’, ‘youngest child, calf, piglet, chicken’. A few decades ago, K. Nitsch dedicated a separate study to this subject, published in the Język Polski journal. Our text, contingent on the methodologies of linguistic geography, presents the history and geography of these words in Polish within the broader Slavic context. It follows from the findings that the individual forms from the *měz- stem are to be differently viewed. Some forms may certainly be seen as relics of the early Slavic unity and cannot be treated as lexical borrowings. Besides, some forms, especially the *mězinъkъ deriva-tive which has no equivalent of the mie- form in the Polish language, can be seen as a Ukrainian loan word.

Development and Validation of SVPT Device for Assessing Pinch Grip Strength among Neurological Patients

Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument-Smart Virtual Physical Therapist (SVPT) that assess the pinch grip strength and its measurement was recorded on a Smartphone application, and to validate Smart Virtual Physical Therapist device with standard pinchometer device. Method: Observational study was carried out on 40 patients having neurological condition and grip affection of 20-70 years of age. Measurement of pinch grip strength was done with SVPT device and pinchometer between pulp of thumb and pulp of index finger, middle finger, ring finger and little finger. The measurement was recorded in kilogram. Measurements were done once with right hand and then with left hand. Results: Mean values for pinch grip by SVPT device for index, middle, ring and little finger of right hand were 1.92kg, 1.74kg, 1.40kg, 1.11kg and left hand were 1.84kg, 1.71kg, 1.43kg, 1.04kg respectively. In addition to it mean values by pinchometer for index, middle, ring and little finger of right hand were 3.02kg, 2.87kg, 2.17kg, 1.61kg and left hand were 2.84kg, 2.94kg, 2.28kg, 1.62kg respectively. K value for index, middle, ring and little finger of right and left hand was 0.2. There were 25% of people who were unable to do pinch grip using pinchometer. Conclusion: Smart Virtual Physical Therapist device can’t be replaceable with the standard baseline pinchometer to assess the grip strength. But it is a valid tool to measure pinch grip strength in neurological patients due to greater height of pressure sensor of SVPT device for pad to pad grip. Key words: Hand, Instrumentation, Pinch strength.