scholarly journals Higher Education in Post-Conflict Conditions

2014 ◽  
pp. 8-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan F Pacheco ◽  
Ane Turner Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Internal Armed Conflicts

The connection between higher education and peacebuilding remains largely uncharted. This article explores how internal armed conflicts have affected higher education institutions in Colombia and Kenya and their ability to promote peacebuilding. Despite the differences in context and the evolution of the conflicts, in both countries the transformation efforts started during the conflict stage.

Holding to Account the Commission of International Crimes in the Central African Republic: The Establishment of the Special Criminal Court

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Ignacio Tredici ◽  
Renaud Galand
Keyword(s):  
Central African Republic ◽  
National Court ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
International Crimes ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
National Reconciliation ◽  
Internal Armed Conflicts

The Special Criminal Court for the Central African Republic (scc) is a national court that has been established with the assistance of the Un Multidimensional Integrated Mission of Stabilization in the Central African Republic (minusca) to bring to justice perpetrators of international crimes committed in car from 2003. The establishment of the scc is a response to the legal obligation to fight impunity for the most serious crimes in a country severely affected by decades of internal armed conflicts, social and political crises: car has been depleted of the resources required to investigate and prosecute those responsible for the commission of international crimes. Taking to justice the perpetrators will help consolidate peace, security and justice and break the cycle of violence. The scc is hence expected to serve as a catalyst for the restoration of the rule of law in car more broadly and to advance national reconciliation and peacebuilding processes. Notwithstanding the challenges that it will face, it is submitted that the scc could be a valid model to be replicated in other post-conflict contexts where impunity for either international crimes or serious organized crime is a fundamental impediment to social peace and progress.

Explaining How Human Rights Protections Change After Internal Armed Conflicts

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-264
Author(s):  
Johannes Karreth ◽  
Patricia Lynne Sullivan ◽  
Ghazal Dezfuli
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Internal Armed Conflicts

Abstract Societies emerging from internal armed conflicts display surprising variation in the degree to which governments protect human rights. Employing new data on civilian victimization by both government and rebel forces, we find that the human rights climate of a post-conflict country is not simply a perpetuation of pre-conflict conditions, or the result of repressive regimes remaining in power. Instead, the treatment of civilians during conflict has an independent impact on post-conflict human rights protections (HRP). Analyses of ninety-six post-conflict periods (1960–2015) show that when governments systematically and extensively target civilians during counterinsurgency campaigns, post-conflict human rights conditions decline substantially compared to pre-conflict levels, even accounting for other predictors of human rights violations, including pre-conflict human rights conditions. This holds regardless of who is in power after conflicts end. These findings have implications for theoretical models of repression and conflict cycles, and for practitioners and policymakers aiming to restore and protect human rights after war.

scholarly journals Monstrosity and War Memories in Latin American Post-conflict Cinema

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-112
Author(s):  
Maria Chiara D'Argenio
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Civilian Life ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Between The Acts ◽  
War Memories ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Internal Armed Conflicts

This article explores the relationship between inhumanity, monstrosity, war and memory in two Latin American films: Días de Santiago (Peru, 2004) and La sombra del caminante (Colombia, 2004). These aesthetically innovative films tackle the internal armed conflicts that have occurred in Colombia and Peru in recent years. Focusing on former soldiers’ reintegration into civilian life, they display war as a traumatic experience that produces monstrosity, understood as a dehumanisation of the individual. By analysing the tropes of monstrosity and the haunting past, and the films’ aesthetics, I show how the performance of the monster articulates a tension between inhumanity and humanness, which can be read as a metaphor for the tension between the acts of remembering, investigating and forgetting within post-conflict societies. 

Amnesty, Revenge, and the Threat of Conflict Relapse

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1095-1122
Author(s):  
Jacob Childers
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
International Criminal Law ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Conflict Mitigation ◽  
Internal Armed Conflicts

Recent decades have witnessed an increase in internal armed conflicts, resulting in significant consequences for affected civilian populations. At the same time, there has been rapid growth in international criminal law and a trend towards accountability. Yet, attempts to mitigate violence may come at the cost of accountability, leading to the commonly referenced to peace-versus-justice dispute. Blanket amnesties are one tool for conflict mitigation, bargaining chips that allow actors to come to the negotiating table. This article examines issues related to blanket amnesties that are absent from the amnesty versus accountability debate. The basis of the analysis is not whether accountability reduces a victim’s desire for revenge. Instead, the analysis examines whether amnesty increases a victim’s desire for revenge, and when combined with other socio-political factors that contribute to conflict relapse, finds that this increased desire may escalate the potential for renewed violence in post-conflict regions.

Batik in Malaysia and Indonesia: A collaboration for reconciling issues of cultural heritage

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Wahida ◽  
Muhammad Hendra Himawan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Art Educators ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
The People ◽  
Collaborative Art ◽  
Conflict Reconciliation ◽  
Reconciliation Method

Conflict claims for the cultural heritage of batik between Indonesia and Malaysia have created tensions between the people of these two countries. The Indonesian and Malaysian governments have never involved academics and arts education institutions in resolving such conflict claims, yet, these communities can play a significant role in post-conflict reconciliation efforts. This article describes a conflict reconciliation method initiated by academics, artists and art educators through a collaborative art project between art higher education institutions in Malaysia and Indonesia. Ways in which collaborations within and across the art and education communities may address the understanding and reconciliation of issues related to cultural heritage conflict are explored.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMING HIGHER EDUCATION FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND PEACEBUILDING IN AFRICA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-37
Author(s):  
OKORO, John Peter
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Peace Education ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
National Development ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Education is unarguably the bedrock of sustainable national development. As a major role player in the socio-economic development of nations, education has the potentials of infusing a culture of peace in the minds of the recipients. Education that fosters positive socio-economic development can help in pre- and post-conflict peacebuilding and of course prevent or solve armed conflicts. Higher education as a very important level of education, however, plays a dominant role in this direction. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have the mandate to build the human capital required to drive socio-economic growth in nations. This mandate is carried out in the form of training, research, and innovation for development. In Africa, tertiary education is still developing in terms of socio-economic development and peacebuilding mindedness. HEIs in Africa are constantly accused of producing graduates that do not match the needs of the industry. These graduates receive less or no training in the area of entrepreneurship, ICT, and peacebuilding, making them completely dependent on governments after graduation which in turn actuates conflict. Poor educational reforms, indiscipline, corruption, poor governance, shortage of resources, and political instability are seen as the major problems. To solve these problems, universities are urged to orchestrate their training towards ensuring access to quality and relevant education that could divorce the minds of the receivers from being job seekers to job creators. African nations should transform higher education by including entrepreneurial, ICT, and peace-building courses in national education curriculums as such could empower youths for socio-economic development and peaceful living. Adopting peace education in all the facets of operations of tertiary institutions in Africa should be encouraged. Therefore, this study presents how transforming higher education can lead to socio-economic development and peacebuilding in Africa.

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