scholarly journals ARTISAN MOBILITY IN PREINDUSTRIAL EUROPE AND MOBILITY WITHIN THE EUROPEAN HIGHER EDUCATION AREA

10.6036/9993 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-571
Author(s):  
OSCAR MARTIN LLORENTE

This research work performs a comparative study between the artisan mobility in the preindustrial Europe and the mobility within the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), emphasizing key aspects of the EHEA associated with mobility such as employability, technological transfer, social cohesion and receptiveness to new ideas. It can be concluded that, indeed, artisan mobility in preindustrial Europe was as a precedent for mobility within the EHEA, in the context of engineering education, from the detailed study of (a) movements of skilled artisan institutionally organized by states and political authorities, (b) tramping system, whose institutional backbone shows a clear parallelism with the organizational framework that supports the mobility within the EHEA, and that also contributed to overcome problems of information asymmetry in the labour market between local employers and itinerant workers, and consequently to solve problems of journeyman unemployment, (c) journeyman mobility as a teaching program integrated into the craft guild framework, which could restrain the information asymmetry in the commodity market by giving traceability and additional validation to the artisan instruction, and (d) minority migrations, which acted as a spur for the mobility within the EHEA because they allowed Europe to be aware of the importance of tolerance and receptiveness to new ideas. Keywords: Technology transfer; Employability; Labour mobility; EHEA; Preindustrial Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Fast O.L.

The article is devoted to the European educational policy analysis in the context of the PhD candidates training quality insurance. The aim of the study was to theoretically substantiate the main trends in the innovative development of doctoral education in the European Higher Education Area at the present stage.The methodology of the study is based on a systematic approach to the analysis of educational policy, which regulates the training of the applicants for degrees equivalent to PhD in the European Higher Education Area. The methodological principles, the observance of which is provided by the research, include: objectivity, complexity, disclosure of contradictions of the studied subject, interdisciplinary, cultural conformity. Among the theoretical and empirical research methods prevail the following: analysis, synthesis, modelling, comparison,generalization of individual provisions of scientific approaches to substantiate the leading idea of the study, observation of the educational process, content analysis, statistical analysis.The study found that educational policy in the European Higher Education Area and the European Research Area revolves around quality priorities, both in research by young researchers and in teaching. Among the key trends in the innovative training of the candidates for degrees equivalent to PhD, the following are highlighted: flexible institutionalization of organizational structures of higher education at the PhD level; priority of the research component in the preparation of the applicants for scientific degrees; innovative practices of scientific guidance; career growth and mobility of young researchers as strategic objectives of doctoral education; diversification of trajectories of financial support of the PhD candidates’ research.Through the period of the national educational policy reforming according to European standards, it is important to take into account the identified trends in doctoral education (eighth level of the National Qualifications Framework) and key indicators for assessing its quality, which are most commonly practiced in higher education institutions in the EU: PhD candidates’ publications, progress in writing a research work, the qualification level of the teaching staff, etc.Key words: doctoral education, educational policy, tendencies of training PhD candidates, European Higher Education Area, Council for Doctoral Education of the Association of European Universities. Cтаттю присвячено аналізу європейської освітньої політики щодо забезпечення якості підготовки здобувачів наукових ступенів, еквівалентних PhD. Метою дослідження сталотеоретичне обґрунтуван-ня основних тенденцій інноваційного розвитку докторської освіти у Європейському просторі вищої освіти на сучасному етапі.Методологія проведеного дослідження ґрунтується на системному підході до аналізу освітньої полі-тики, що унормовує підготовку здобувачів наукових ступенів, еквівалентних PhD, у Європейському просторі вищої освіти. До методологічних принципів, дотримання яких передбачене дослідженням, віднесено: об’єктивності, комплексності, розкриття суперечностей предмета, що вивчається, міждис-циплінарності, культуровідповідності. Серед теоретичних та емпіричних методів дослідження прева-люють такі як: аналіз, синтез, моделювання, порівняння, узагальнення окремих положень наукових підходів для обґрунтування провідної ідеї дослідження, спостереження за освітнім процесом, кон-тент-аналіз, статистичний аналіз.За результатами проведеного дослідження з’ясовано, що освітня політика у Європейському просто-рі вищої освіти та Європейському дослідницькому просторі вибудовується навколо пріоритетів якості і у дослідженнях молодих дослідників, і у викладанні. Серед ключових тенденцій інноваційної підго-товки здобувачів наукових ступенів, еквівалентних PhD, виокремлено такі як: гнучка інституалізація організаційних структур вищої освіти рівня PhD; пріоритетність дослідницького складника у підго-товці здобувачів наукових ступенів; інноваційність практик наукового керівництва; кар’єрне зростання та мобільність молодих дослідників як стратегічні завдання докторської освіти; диверсифікація траєк-торій фінансової підтримки досліджень здобувачів наукових ступенів.На етапі наближення вітчизняної освітньої політики до європейських стандартів важливо врахо-вувати виявлені тенденції розвитку докторської освіти (восьмий рівень Національної рамки кваліфі-кацій) та ключові індикатори оцінки її якості, які найчастіше практикуються у закладах вищої освіти у ЄС: наукові публікації здобувачів наукових ступенів, еквівалентних PhD, прогрес у написанні науко-вої кваліфікаційної праці, кваліфікаційний рівень професорсько-викладацького складу тощо.Ключові слова:док торська освіта, освітня політика, тенденції підготовки здобувачів наукових ступенів, Європейський простір вищої освіти, Рада з докторської освіти Асоціації європейських університетів.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Piotr Grudowski ◽  
Katarzyna Szczepańska

Abstract The presented research work relates to the category of quality in higher education. This article aims to present the determinants of the quality of education in the context of international standards. The background of the considerations is the Bologna Declaration and the European Higher Education Area. The results of the research carried out with the use of the nominal group method and the data analysis carried out based on the SERVQUAL model for education revealed groups of quality determinants that are not included in the standards of internal quality assurance. It has been found that the principle of autonomy of universities in the European Higher Education Area is a sufficient basis to include the determinants of the quality of education identified by internal stakeholders of a given university in the internal quality of education assurance system.


Author(s):  
Nina Batechko

The article outlines the conceptual framework for adapting Ukrainian higher education to the Standards and Recommendations for Quality Assurance in the European higher education area. The role of the Bologna Declaration in ensuring the quality of higher education in Europe has been explained. The conceptual foundations and the essence of standards and recommendations on quality assurance in the European higher education area have been defined. The Ukrainian realities of the adaptation of higher education of Ukraine to the educational European standards of quality have been characterized.


10.6036/9821 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-463
Author(s):  
OSCAR MARTIN LLORENTE

This work aims to carry out a comparative study between the apprenticeship system in the craft guilds in preindustrial Europe and the educational methods used in the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), with the aim of highlighting the role, within the field of engineering education in the EHEA, of the practice-driven approach (learning by doing), which yielded excellent results during centuries to craft guilds, since their institutionalized apprenticeship system was one of the reasons for their long-term survival. The transmission of technical skills and associated innovation were effectively supported by craft guilds but not as a main objective and even, sometimes, as a cause of undesired effects (formation of future competitors, revelation of secrets or shift of control over the production process from the owners of skills to the owners of capital. It has been demonstrated that both the organizational modalities or scenarios and the educational methods of the EHEA (except the binomial scenario-method formed by the theoretical class and the master lecture) used in engineering education, have a clear precedent in the preindustrial craft guilds, which emphasize the learning process instead of the teaching process and established, several centuries in advance and without intending to, a model for the EHEA. Keywords: Craft guilds; Apprenticeship; Learning by doing; Engineering education; EEES


2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-942
Author(s):  
Ariadna Llorens Garcia ◽  
Joana d’Arc Prat Farran ◽  
Jasmina Berbegal‐Mirabent

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 13651
Author(s):  
Charles Thomas Tackney ◽  
Mette Zoelner ◽  
Vibeke Ankersborg ◽  
Magali Gravier ◽  
Dorte Madsen ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanita Baranova ◽  
◽  
Baiba Kaļķe

The paradigm shift in higher education pedagogy and policy has been a subject of discussion for 30 years, during which time the emphasis has been placed on the transition to student-centred education. The implementation of this approach requires the democratisation of the study process and a shift towards performance-based outcomes, thus promoting students’ research capacities, well-being, personal growth, and quality of life. The most important document on the subject, which was developed in collaboration with the leading organisations of the Bologna Process, is the Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area. This describes the common understanding of student-centred learning, teaching, and assessment. The standards and guidelines are also incorporated into the Latvian higher education quality assurance regulations. The authors of the present study are involved in the development and approbation of a new master’s study program, in which special attention is paid to the implementation of the principles of student-centred education. The central aim of the present study was to study the experience of lecturers in the implementation of the principles of student-centred education in the programme. The relevant literature and documents were surveyed and data from questionnaires (distributed to programme participants) were analysed. Using the Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area and the Science, Technology Development and Innovation Guidelines 2021−2027 approved by the Latvian Ministry of Education and Science, the present study sets out 10 basic principles of student-centred education. A survey was created for lecturers who are implementing the newly created master’s programme over one semester. Seventeen lecturers participated. The analysis of the questionnaire results indicated that promoting mutual respect in student−academic staff relations and students’ active engagement in the study process were considered to be the most important principles. The results also revealed that lecturers applied every student−centred principle, but it is necessary to promote a common understanding by developing a mechanism for evaluating them and to improve the competence of teachers in implementing them.


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