Insulin-like growth factor 1 gene (CA)n repeats and a variable number of tandem repeats of the insulin gene in Brazilian children born small for gestational age

Objective To evaluate the impact of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels on cardiac function in small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Study Design This is a prospective, observational study. Serum IGF-1 levels at birth and echocardiography measurements at 1 week of age were compared between SGA and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. Results Thirty-one SGA infants and 27 AGA infants were enrolled. Serum IGF-1 levels were lower in the SGA infants than in the AGA infants. SGA infants had lower mitral lateral annular systolic (S') and early diastolic (E') tissue Doppler imaging velocities compared with AGA infants (S', 5.1 ± 0.9 vs 5.7 ± 1.2 cm/s; E', 6.1 ± 1.5 cm/s vs 7.1 ± 1.3 cm/s; p < 0.05). Serum IGF-1 levels positively correlated with E' velocity in the entire population (r = 0.44, p < 0.001) and in SGA infants (r = 0.39, p < 0.05). In multivariate linear regression analysis, serum IGF-1 and S' velocity were independently associated with E' velocity in the entire population and in SGA infants. Conclusion Decreased serum IGF-I levels could account for cardiac diastolic dysfunction in SGA infants.

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Current Insights into the Role of the Growth Hormone-Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in Short Children Born Small for Gestational Age

Hormone Research in Paediatrics ◽

10.1159/000502739 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

pp. 15-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Judith S. Renes ◽

Jaap van Doorn ◽

Anita C.S. Hokken-Koelega

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Short Children ◽

Factor System

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Postnatal growth in children born small and appropriate for gestational age during the first years of life

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina45010008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Margarita Valūnienė ◽

Agnė Danylaitė ◽

Dovilė Kryžiūtė ◽

Giedrė Ramanauskaitė ◽

Danutė Lašienė ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Body Mass ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽

Igf Binding ◽

Igf Binding Protein

The aim of the study was to evaluate growth pattern of small- and appropriate-for-gestationalage children and to identify prenatal and postnatal risk factors for short stature and development of components of metabolic syndrome. A total of 109 small- and 239 appropriate-for-gestational-age infants were enrolled in the study. Within 24 hours after birth and at 2, 5, 9, 12, 18, 24 months, and 6 years of age, anthropometric data were recorded for study children. Cord blood samples from study infants were collected, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF), IGF-binding protein-3, and leptin levels were measured. Birth weight and height (P<0.001) and insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-binding protein-3, and leptin levels (P<0.05) were lower in children born small for gestational age vs. children born appropriate for gestational age. At 2, 5, 12, 18, and 24 months and 6 years of age, children born small for gestational age remained shorter and weighed less (P<0.001). Waist-to-hip ratio, heart rate at 6 years of age and gain in body mass index from birth up to 6 years of age was higher in children born small for gestational age. Height gain during the first year of life was mainly influenced by birth length and target height. Maternal weight before pregnancy and cord leptin levels were the most significant factors influencing postnatal weight gain during the first years of life. Conclusions. During the first 6 years of life, children born small for gestational age remained shorter and lighter. A greater catch-up in body mass index and tendency towards central pattern of fat distribution during the first years of life might be predisposing factors for the development of long-term metabolic complications in these individuals.

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P90Growth hormone and insulin- like growth factor 1, in small-for-gestational-age pregnancies with increased pulsatility index in the umbilical artery

Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1046/j.1469-0705.2000.00004-1-89.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 86-86

Author(s):

T. Larsen ◽

K. Main ◽

A. M. Andersson ◽

A. Juul ◽

G. Greisen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Pulsatility Index ◽

Umbilical Artery ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor

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Insulin gene variable number of tandem repeats is not associated with weight from fetal life until infancy: the Generation R Study

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-07-0378 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 157 (6) ◽

pp. 741-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Dennis O Mook-Kanamori ◽

J J Miranda Geelhoed ◽

Eric A P Steegers ◽

Jacqueline C M Witteman ◽

Albert Hofman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Tandem Repeats ◽

Late Pregnancy ◽

Variable Number ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Insulin Gene ◽

Abdominal Circumference ◽

Fetal Life ◽

Class Iii

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine whether the insulin gene variable number of tandem repeats (INS VNTR) is associated with growth patterns in fetal life and infancy.Design and methodsThis study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study from fetal life until young adulthood. Fetal growth was assessed by ultrasounds in early, mid-, and late pregnancy. Anthropometry in infancy was assessed at birth and at the ages of 6 weeks, 6 months, and 14 months. DNA for genotyping of the INS VNTR promoter region was available in 859 children.ResultsThe genotype distribution was I/I 50.8%, I/III 40.0%, and III/III 9.2%. III/III individuals had a shorter gestational age (P<0.005 versus I/I) and a lower birth weight (P<0.05 versus I/I). There were no differences in birth weight after adjusting for gestational age. Class III homozygotes had a smaller abdominal circumference/head circumference (HC) ratio (P<0.005 versus I/I) in mid-pregnancy, but not in late pregnancy. Also, III/III subjects had a relative decrease in HC (SDS) from mid-pregnancy to the age of 14 months (P<0.05 versus I/I). No other differences in pre- and postnatal growth characteristics and patterns were found.ConclusionsClass III homozygotes were born at an earlier gestational age. No association was found between INS VNTR and birth weight adjusted for gestational age. Our data suggest that the III/III genotype may be associated with asymmetrical growth in mid-pregnancy, but not in late pregnancy.

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